PE/稻壳塑木复合材料表面耐磨性能的研究
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摘要
塑木复合材料是一种新型的复合材料,随着我国现代化建设的持续发展,近年来这种材料的开发和应用得到了迅速发展。
由于塑木复合材料有着多方面的应用范围,便存在着多方面的磨损情况。特别是现在塑木复合材料广泛地应用于室外地板、铺板等方面,开展塑木复合材料表面耐磨性能的研究具有重要的意义。
本论文主要深入研究了塑木复合材料在各种条件下的耐磨情况。首先研究了未经任何处理的塑木复合材料素材的耐磨情况,并进一步研究了不同砂布、不同的室外曝晒时间、不同的水浴温度和时间、不同的土壤腐蚀时间、人工模拟不同的环境因子(如:模拟海水,模拟酸雨,碱性环境)对其耐磨性能的影响。
进行了各种试验之后,主要得出以下结论:
1、素材耐磨情况:在相同的耐磨转数下,塑木复合材料的质量磨损量远远大于强化木地板。主要原因是由于强化木地板表面增加了一层Al2O3的耐磨材料表层纸,大大提高了它的耐磨性能,而塑木复合材料的表面未经过任何抗耐磨处理。从100到10000转的试验中,塑木复合材料的质量磨损量约为强化木地板的2～12倍,磨损深度约为强化木地板的6~11倍。为了更好地提高塑木复合材料作为铺板的使用性能,应从工艺及配方上继续改进,以提高其耐磨性能。
2、素材表面粗糙度情况:塑木复合材料素材本身的表面比较粗糙,差异较大,经过耐磨后的各参数差异也较大, 100转到6000转磨损后的表面要更加粗糙,表面微观不平度更加细密;8000转和10000转试验后,表面出现较平整的一段。
3、塑木复合材料受不同砂布的影响均要大于强化地板受不同砂布的影响。砂布的粒度越少,即越粗糙的砂布对两种材料的表面耐磨性和表面粗糙度影响越要大。
4、自然气候条件下室外曝晒对塑木复合材料的耐磨性能有一定影响,但无明显的变化规律。塑木复合材料在从15天到165天的室外曝晒后再进行耐磨的质量磨损量和磨损深度并无显著下降,说明了塑木复合材料的耐久性比较好,表面耐磨性也并未受室外环境的影响而降低。
5、人工模拟各种环境条件对塑木复合材料耐磨性能的影响:
水浴条件下:细磨砂布3号砂布试验时,60℃和40℃的水浴温度和在两温度下从3小时到15小时的水浴时间对塑木复合材料的质量磨损量无明显的影响;2号和4号砂布试验时,1000r试验对塑木复合材料的质量磨损量有一定影响。
人工模拟海水、模拟酸雨、碱性环境、土壤环境条件下,海水的浓度及浸泡时间、土壤腐朽均对塑木复合材料的耐磨性无明显影响;不同PH值的硫酸溶液和盐酸溶液、碱溶液碱性的强弱均对塑木复合材料的耐磨性影响不大;碱溶液的浸泡时间对塑木复合材料的耐磨性有较明显的影响。
Wood-Plastic Composites are a new type of composite material. Along with the sustained development of modernization construction of our country, the development and application of Wood-Plastic Composites (WPC) had been increasing rapidly in the recent years.
Wood-Plastic Composites have a series of various application scopes; they are easily abraded by other objects. Now the Wood-Plastic Composites are widely used in outdoor floor and deck board, so it is of great significance to investigate the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood - Plastic Composites.
This paper primarily studied the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites under the different conditions thoroughly. Firstly, we investigated the surface abrasion resistance of the original Wood-Plastic Composites. Then we researched the effect of the different abrasive cloth, outdoor exposure time, the temperature of the hot water and sinking time, soil corrosion time and artificial simulated different environment factors (for example: simulated seawater, simulated acid rain, alkaline environment) to the abrasion resistance of Wood-Plastic Composites.
Based on each kind of experiment, the following conclusions were obtained:
1、The Surface Abrasion Resistance of the original Wood-Plastic Composites: In the same rotation of abrasion test, the mass loss of the Wood-Plastic Composites was much larger than the laminated flooring. The main reason was that the surface layer of the laminated flooring was made of aluminum oxide faced paper. This paper greatly enhanced the wear-resisting performance, however, the surface of the Wood-Plastic Composites didn’t use any anti- wear-resisting processing or material. From 100 to 10000 rotations in the test, the mass loss of Wood-Plastic Composites was around 2~12 times to that of the laminated flooring, the wearing depth of Wood-Plastic Composites was around 6~11 times to that of the laminated flooring. In order to develop the property of the Wood-Plastic Composites as plank or deck board, we should continuously improve the producing process and formula to enhance its wear resistance.
2、The Surface Roughness of the original Wood-Plastic Composites: the surface of the original Wood-Plastic Composites is rough and quite different, and the parameters after abrasion test differed greatly. The surfaces became rougher after 100 to 6,000 abrasive rotations and the surface profile irregularities were denser; some lengths of the surfaces were smooth after 6000 and 10000 abrasive rotations.
3、The influence of the abrasive cloth to the Wood-Plastic Composites was more serious than to the laminated flooring. The particle numbers of the abrasive cloth were fewer, namely the abrasive cloth was rougher, the property of the surface abrasion resistance and the surface roughness were worse.
4、Under the outdoor weathering, the outdoor exposure would influence the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites,but the change was irregular. From 15 days to 165 days exposed in the outdoor weathering, the mass loss and the wearing depth of WPC had no obvious decline. The results showed that the durability of the Wood-Plastic Composites was good; the surface resistance did not reduce after under the outdoor weathering for long time.
5、The influence of the artificial simulated various environmental factors on the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites:
Sinking in the hot water: after the abrasion test by NO.3 abrasive cloth, the temperature of 60℃or 40℃and the soak time of 3 hours to 15 hours did not affect the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites. After the abrasion test by NO.2 and NO.4 abrasive cloth, the mass loss of the Wood-Plastic Composites showed some changes after 1000 abrasive rotations.
After the experiment of artificial simulated seawater,artificial simulated acid rain, alkaline environment, soil conditions, we drawed some conclusions as follow. The concentration of seawater and the test time, the humus soil could not affect the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites. Different PH of the hydrochloric acid solution, the sulfuric acid solution and the alkaline solution almost had no effect to the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites. The soak time of the alkaline solution had some influence to the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites.
由于塑木复合材料有着多方面的应用范围,便存在着多方面的磨损情况。特别是现在塑木复合材料广泛地应用于室外地板、铺板等方面,开展塑木复合材料表面耐磨性能的研究具有重要的意义。
本论文主要深入研究了塑木复合材料在各种条件下的耐磨情况。首先研究了未经任何处理的塑木复合材料素材的耐磨情况,并进一步研究了不同砂布、不同的室外曝晒时间、不同的水浴温度和时间、不同的土壤腐蚀时间、人工模拟不同的环境因子(如:模拟海水,模拟酸雨,碱性环境)对其耐磨性能的影响。
进行了各种试验之后,主要得出以下结论:
1、素材耐磨情况:在相同的耐磨转数下,塑木复合材料的质量磨损量远远大于强化木地板。主要原因是由于强化木地板表面增加了一层Al2O3的耐磨材料表层纸,大大提高了它的耐磨性能,而塑木复合材料的表面未经过任何抗耐磨处理。从100到10000转的试验中,塑木复合材料的质量磨损量约为强化木地板的2～12倍,磨损深度约为强化木地板的6~11倍。为了更好地提高塑木复合材料作为铺板的使用性能,应从工艺及配方上继续改进,以提高其耐磨性能。
2、素材表面粗糙度情况:塑木复合材料素材本身的表面比较粗糙,差异较大,经过耐磨后的各参数差异也较大, 100转到6000转磨损后的表面要更加粗糙,表面微观不平度更加细密;8000转和10000转试验后,表面出现较平整的一段。
3、塑木复合材料受不同砂布的影响均要大于强化地板受不同砂布的影响。砂布的粒度越少,即越粗糙的砂布对两种材料的表面耐磨性和表面粗糙度影响越要大。
4、自然气候条件下室外曝晒对塑木复合材料的耐磨性能有一定影响,但无明显的变化规律。塑木复合材料在从15天到165天的室外曝晒后再进行耐磨的质量磨损量和磨损深度并无显著下降,说明了塑木复合材料的耐久性比较好,表面耐磨性也并未受室外环境的影响而降低。
5、人工模拟各种环境条件对塑木复合材料耐磨性能的影响:
水浴条件下:细磨砂布3号砂布试验时,60℃和40℃的水浴温度和在两温度下从3小时到15小时的水浴时间对塑木复合材料的质量磨损量无明显的影响;2号和4号砂布试验时,1000r试验对塑木复合材料的质量磨损量有一定影响。
人工模拟海水、模拟酸雨、碱性环境、土壤环境条件下,海水的浓度及浸泡时间、土壤腐朽均对塑木复合材料的耐磨性无明显影响;不同PH值的硫酸溶液和盐酸溶液、碱溶液碱性的强弱均对塑木复合材料的耐磨性影响不大;碱溶液的浸泡时间对塑木复合材料的耐磨性有较明显的影响。
Wood-Plastic Composites are a new type of composite material. Along with the sustained development of modernization construction of our country, the development and application of Wood-Plastic Composites (WPC) had been increasing rapidly in the recent years.
Wood-Plastic Composites have a series of various application scopes; they are easily abraded by other objects. Now the Wood-Plastic Composites are widely used in outdoor floor and deck board, so it is of great significance to investigate the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood - Plastic Composites.
This paper primarily studied the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites under the different conditions thoroughly. Firstly, we investigated the surface abrasion resistance of the original Wood-Plastic Composites. Then we researched the effect of the different abrasive cloth, outdoor exposure time, the temperature of the hot water and sinking time, soil corrosion time and artificial simulated different environment factors (for example: simulated seawater, simulated acid rain, alkaline environment) to the abrasion resistance of Wood-Plastic Composites.
Based on each kind of experiment, the following conclusions were obtained:
1、The Surface Abrasion Resistance of the original Wood-Plastic Composites: In the same rotation of abrasion test, the mass loss of the Wood-Plastic Composites was much larger than the laminated flooring. The main reason was that the surface layer of the laminated flooring was made of aluminum oxide faced paper. This paper greatly enhanced the wear-resisting performance, however, the surface of the Wood-Plastic Composites didn’t use any anti- wear-resisting processing or material. From 100 to 10000 rotations in the test, the mass loss of Wood-Plastic Composites was around 2~12 times to that of the laminated flooring, the wearing depth of Wood-Plastic Composites was around 6~11 times to that of the laminated flooring. In order to develop the property of the Wood-Plastic Composites as plank or deck board, we should continuously improve the producing process and formula to enhance its wear resistance.
2、The Surface Roughness of the original Wood-Plastic Composites: the surface of the original Wood-Plastic Composites is rough and quite different, and the parameters after abrasion test differed greatly. The surfaces became rougher after 100 to 6,000 abrasive rotations and the surface profile irregularities were denser; some lengths of the surfaces were smooth after 6000 and 10000 abrasive rotations.
3、The influence of the abrasive cloth to the Wood-Plastic Composites was more serious than to the laminated flooring. The particle numbers of the abrasive cloth were fewer, namely the abrasive cloth was rougher, the property of the surface abrasion resistance and the surface roughness were worse.
4、Under the outdoor weathering, the outdoor exposure would influence the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites,but the change was irregular. From 15 days to 165 days exposed in the outdoor weathering, the mass loss and the wearing depth of WPC had no obvious decline. The results showed that the durability of the Wood-Plastic Composites was good; the surface resistance did not reduce after under the outdoor weathering for long time.
5、The influence of the artificial simulated various environmental factors on the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites:
Sinking in the hot water: after the abrasion test by NO.3 abrasive cloth, the temperature of 60℃or 40℃and the soak time of 3 hours to 15 hours did not affect the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites. After the abrasion test by NO.2 and NO.4 abrasive cloth, the mass loss of the Wood-Plastic Composites showed some changes after 1000 abrasive rotations.
After the experiment of artificial simulated seawater,artificial simulated acid rain, alkaline environment, soil conditions, we drawed some conclusions as follow. The concentration of seawater and the test time, the humus soil could not affect the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites. Different PH of the hydrochloric acid solution, the sulfuric acid solution and the alkaline solution almost had no effect to the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites. The soak time of the alkaline solution had some influence to the surface abrasion resistance of the Wood-Plastic Composites.
引文
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