渔网的动态仿真及可视化研究
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摘要
随着21世纪的到来,现代远洋渔业捕捞对渔船船员的专业素质提出了很高的要求,因此迫切需要对渔船船员进行系统的专业培训。利用渔船操作模拟器对渔船船员进行培训,可以进行在各种复杂海况下渔船操纵、不同渔具渔法的训练,这种培训方式同传统培训方式相比,一方面可以缩短培训时间,节省培训成本,另一方面不存在任何风险。
渔网的可视化效果直接影响到利用渔船操作模拟器对渔船船员进行培训的效果。因此,本文基于渔网的动力学分析和研究,实现渔网的实时三维可视化,将为渔船操作模拟器的研究与开发打下一定基础。本文主要做了以下几方面的创新性工作：
1.通过对柔性物体可视化方法的分析,并结合网具系统的特点,论证了采用B样条方法进行渔网建模的可行性。
2.提出并实现了一种基于物理模型的三次B样条插值曲线绘制渔网和手纲的方法。该方法用反求顶点法生成三次B样条插值曲线,然后对其进行纹理映射实现了网具系统的可视化。
3.提出并实现了一种基于物理模型的B样条插值曲面的渔网可视化方法,提高了可视化系统的实时性。该方法通过简化网具系统的几何模型,减少模型中质量点的数目,将简化后的质量点作为型值点阵,构造三次B样条插值曲面,利用纹理对象拼接的方法完成曲面的纹理贴图。
With the advent of the 21st century, modern pelagic fishery make higher requirements for the professional skill of crews of fishboat. So it's an urgent need for crews to be trained professionally. Crews of fishboat can be trained for fishing vessel handling and using different fishing gear in a variety of complex sea conditions by using fishing simulator.Compared with traditional training methods, this training on the one hand can reduce the training time and save the training costs, on the other hand there is no risk.
The visualization of fishing net has directly impact on the training effects for crews who be trained with the fishing simulator. Therefore, this dissertation focuses on the real-time visualization of fishing net based on research on the hydrodynamic of fishing net,which lay a foundation for the development of fishing simulator. The innovative contributions of this dissertation summarized here are:
1. The feasibility of fishing net modeling with B-spline methods is verified after analyzing the visualization methods of flexible objects and the characteristics of fishing net.
2. A method of rendering fishing net and bridle with cubic B-spline interpolation curve based on physical model is proposed and realized.This method constructs cubic B-spline interpolation curve with the method of vertex inversed solution,then visualization of fishing net is realized by texture mapping.
3. A method of visualization of fishing net with cubic B-spline interpolation surface based on physical model is proposed and realized,which improve the real-time visualization of fishing net.This method simplifies the geometric model of fishing net and reduces the number of mass points,then reconstruction of cubic B-spline interpolation surface by the way of regarding the simplified mass points as lattice of data points is realized.The texture mapping of the surface is realized by the method of stitching texture object.
渔网的可视化效果直接影响到利用渔船操作模拟器对渔船船员进行培训的效果。因此,本文基于渔网的动力学分析和研究,实现渔网的实时三维可视化,将为渔船操作模拟器的研究与开发打下一定基础。本文主要做了以下几方面的创新性工作：
1.通过对柔性物体可视化方法的分析,并结合网具系统的特点,论证了采用B样条方法进行渔网建模的可行性。
2.提出并实现了一种基于物理模型的三次B样条插值曲线绘制渔网和手纲的方法。该方法用反求顶点法生成三次B样条插值曲线,然后对其进行纹理映射实现了网具系统的可视化。
3.提出并实现了一种基于物理模型的B样条插值曲面的渔网可视化方法,提高了可视化系统的实时性。该方法通过简化网具系统的几何模型,减少模型中质量点的数目,将简化后的质量点作为型值点阵,构造三次B样条插值曲面,利用纹理对象拼接的方法完成曲面的纹理贴图。
With the advent of the 21st century, modern pelagic fishery make higher requirements for the professional skill of crews of fishboat. So it's an urgent need for crews to be trained professionally. Crews of fishboat can be trained for fishing vessel handling and using different fishing gear in a variety of complex sea conditions by using fishing simulator.Compared with traditional training methods, this training on the one hand can reduce the training time and save the training costs, on the other hand there is no risk.
The visualization of fishing net has directly impact on the training effects for crews who be trained with the fishing simulator. Therefore, this dissertation focuses on the real-time visualization of fishing net based on research on the hydrodynamic of fishing net,which lay a foundation for the development of fishing simulator. The innovative contributions of this dissertation summarized here are:
1. The feasibility of fishing net modeling with B-spline methods is verified after analyzing the visualization methods of flexible objects and the characteristics of fishing net.
2. A method of rendering fishing net and bridle with cubic B-spline interpolation curve based on physical model is proposed and realized.This method constructs cubic B-spline interpolation curve with the method of vertex inversed solution,then visualization of fishing net is realized by texture mapping.
3. A method of visualization of fishing net with cubic B-spline interpolation surface based on physical model is proposed and realized,which improve the real-time visualization of fishing net.This method simplifies the geometric model of fishing net and reduces the number of mass points,then reconstruction of cubic B-spline interpolation surface by the way of regarding the simplified mass points as lattice of data points is realized.The texture mapping of the surface is realized by the method of stitching texture object.
引文
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[44]张家树,李德芳.B样条拟合曲线的快速生成.电脑与信息技术.1996,1：34-36.
[45]孙霄峰,尹勇,张秀凤.基于物理模型的渔网网衣动态模拟与可视化研究.[A]大连水产学院学报,2009,24：563-567.
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[2]Fishing Gear Handling Training[EB/OL]. http://www.transan.com/products/simula--tors/sim_products/navigational/special/fishing/
[3]Fishing Simulators[EB/OL]. http://www.poseidon.no/SimulatorProducts/Fishing/ tabid/84/Default. aspx
[4]Gun-Ho Lee, Chun-Woo Lee, Moo-Youl Choe. Implementation of a 3D Fishing Simulator[EB/OL]. http://www.nftc.no/NFTC2006/proceedings. html
[5]Computer Fishing Simulator for trawling and purse seining[EB/OL]. http://www. enet. ru/eng/sokolov/simulator. html
[6]施朝健,王捷.舟山航海学校船桥模拟器及有关技术[J].上海海运学报,1996,17(1)：49-52.
[7]尹勇,金一丞,李志华.分布式航海仿真系统中的网络通信[J].系统仿真学报2000,(11)：621-624.
[8]石爱国,蔡烽,侯建军等.舰船操纵性数模参数计算和仿真验证[J].系统仿真学报,2002,14(3)：406-408.
[9]杨神化,李丽娜,索永峰等.船舶碰撞过程动态仿真系统的研究与应用[J].集美大学学报(自然科学版),2008,(3)：39-43.
[10]孙霄峰.单船中层拖网系统的建模与仿真[D](博士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2008.
[11]Priour D. Introduction of mesh resistance to opening in a triangular element for calculation of nets by the finite element method[J]. Communications in Numerical Method in Engineering,2001,17:229-237.
[12]Li-xin Zhu, Zhen-lin Liang, Liu-yi Huang, etc. Numerical Simulation of Dynamic of Dynamic Response of Supple Nets[J]. China Ocean Engineering,2006,20(3):443-456.
[13]Bessonneau J S,Marichal D.Study of the dynamics of submerged supple nets (applications to trawls) [J]. Ocean Engineering,1998,25(7):563-583.
[14]王尔光.中层拖网的水层控制[J].大连水产学院学报,1992,6(2)：21-28.
[15]F. Hu, K. Matuda etal. Dynamic analysis of midwater trawl system by a two dimensional lumped mass method[J]. Fisheries Sciencs,1995,61:229-233.
[16]R. Wan, F. Hu, T. Tokai. A static analysis of the tension and configuration of submerged plane nets[J].Fisheries Science,2002,68(4):815-823.
[17]詹杰民,胡由展,赵陶等.渔网水动力试验研究及分析.海洋工程.2002,20(2)：49-53.
[18]Katsuya Suzuki, Tsutomu Takagi, Takashi Shimizu etal. Validity and visualization of a numberical model used to determine dynamic configurations of fishing nets [J]. Fisheries Science,2003,69:695-705.
[19]宣立强.拖网曳纲形状与张力的计算机模拟[J].湛江海洋大学学报,Vol,25,No 3：90-93,2005,6.
[20]李玉成,赵云鹏,桂福坤等.水流作用下网衣的水动力特性数值分析.第七届全国水动力学学术会议暨第十九届全国水动力学研讨会文集(上册),中国北京,2005：41-46.
[21]宋伟华.网衣波浪水动力学研究[D](博士学位论文).青岛：中国海洋大学,2006.
[22]万荣,朱文斌,何鑫等.双船中层拖网网位控制的静力学解析[A].中国海洋大学学报2007,(1)：61-64.
[23]鲍春波.生物软组织建模仿真方法研究[D](博士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2008.
[24]钟志锋腹腔镜手术模拟系统中软组织变形的研究(硕士学位论文).南昌：南昌大学,2008.
[25]冯广慧.基于弹簧-质点模型的快速布料仿真研究(硕士学位论文).吉林：吉林大学,2007.
[26]周川.布料动画关键技术研究(硕士学位论文).浙江：浙江大学,2009.
[27]陈龙.三维服装柔性参数化设计方法及技术研究[D](博士学位论文).浙江：浙江大学,2008.
[28]吕新荣.基于CTA影像的血管可视化技术研究[D](博士学位论文).西安：西安电子科技大学,2009.
[29]李永青.基于散乱点的B样条曲面重构理论和技术研究(硕士学位论文).浙江：浙江大学,2002.
[30]Zhu Xinxiong. Lecture Notes on Representations of Curves and Surfaces, University of Minnesota,1981.
[31]朱心熊等.自由曲线曲面造型技术[M].北京：科学出版社,2000.
[32]李向阳.非均匀B样条曲面算法研究[J].新课程研究(职业教育),2008(6)：53-54.
[33]陈岳坪,李书平等.双三次B样条曲面生成的关键技术研究.机械设计与制造.2010, 4：225-226.
[34]Schoenberg,I. J., Contributions to the Problem of Approximation of Equidistant Data by Analytic Function, Quart, Appl. Maths 4,1946,45-99,112-141.
[35]Curry, H. B. and Schoenberg, I. J., On Spline Distributions and Their Limits:The Polya Distribution Functions, Abstract 330t, Bull. American Mathematical Soc., Vol.53,1947,1114.
[36]Riesenfeld,R. F., Applications of B-Spline Approximation to Geometric Problems of CAD, Ph. D Thesis, Syracuse University,1973.
[37]Gordon, W. J. and Riesenfeld R. F., Bernstein-Bezier Methods for the Computer-Aided Design of Free-Form Curves and Surfaces, Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, Vol.21, No.2,1974,293-310.
[38]王仁宏,李崇君,朱春钢.计算几何教程[M].北京：科学出版社,2008.
[39]高占恒.B样条曲面间的光滑拼接算法(硕士学位论文).吉林：吉林大学,2002.
[40]游洪.自由曲面的B样条拟合(硕士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2003.
[41]唐通.基于拟插值的B-样条曲面拟合方法(硕士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2009.
[42]吴宏斌,石续年.三次均匀B样条曲线和双三次均匀B样条曲面的边界控制.北京农业工程大学学报.1993,13(4)：1-6.
[43]Wang lazhu, Zhu Xinxiong. Local Interpolating Blended B-Spline Surface and Its Coversion to NURBS Surface, CADDM, Vol.4, No.2,1994,5-17.
[44]张家树,李德芳.B样条拟合曲线的快速生成.电脑与信息技术.1996,1：34-36.
[45]孙霄峰,尹勇,张秀凤.基于物理模型的渔网网衣动态模拟与可视化研究.[A]大连水产学院学报,2009,24：563-567.
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