T型高效脱色絮凝剂的制备及处理染料废水的应用研究
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摘要
染料废水有机物浓度高、色度深、含盐量高、水质酸碱度变化大,是难处理的工业废水之一。染料废水处理过程中脱色是难点。脱色剂的种类有很多,脱色效果最好的是缩合物,但处理成本偏高。本文以双氰胺和甲醛为主原料,在一定条件下合成了双氰胺-甲醛脱色絮凝剂,用以处理染料废水,获得了良好效果,证明双氰胺-甲醛絮凝剂是一种有发展前途的絮凝剂。
通过设计正交试验优化了双氰胺-甲醛絮凝剂的合成条件,用以处理蒽醌、偶氮类等染料废水,效果良好。絮凝剂与无机混凝剂复合使用处理染料废水,不但获得了良好效果,而且处理成本大大降低。
通过试验得出脱色絮凝剂的最佳合成条件是:反应温度70℃～80℃,反应时间3.5h左右,反应各种原料摩尔比为n(双氰胺):n(甲醛):n(氯化铵):n(尿素):n(亚硝酸钠)为1:2.4:0.7:0.1:0.05,改性剂氯化铵为分批投加。所得产品基本性能为:固体含量52%,密度1.247g/cm3,粘度550mP.s,pH为6,外观为淡黄色、透明有粘性的流动性较好的液体。
用双氰胺-甲醛絮凝剂研究了四种染料废水的效果,结果发现:各种染料废水的脱色率均可达99%以上,CODCr去除率也可达60%~90%。其中,分散染料废水脱色效果最佳,酸性染料、活性染料废水的脱色效果次之,对于溶解性较大的溴氨酸中间体废水,相对脱色效果较差。
采用正交设计方法研究了脱色絮凝剂的配方与合成条件,结果发现:在合成过程中加入一定比例的无机混凝剂(质量分数10%),控制反应温度在40℃～50℃,反应时间为2小时的条件下制备出的T型复合脱色絮凝剂具有良好的脱色效果。无机混凝剂分别为硫酸亚铁(T1)、三氯化铁(T2)、聚合氯化铝(T3)、硫酸铝(T4)时制备出的脱色絮凝剂,处理活性艳红X-3B和K-2BP染料废水脱色率可达99%以上,CODCr去除率接近80%。
用T型脱色絮凝剂处理乌尔曼缩合反应实际生产废水(色度吸光度值25.74、CODCr 11954mg/L)时,效果良好。当投加量650mg/L时,脱色率达90%左右,CODCr去除率65%左右;当实际废水pH<8时,脱色效果最佳。
Since the dyeing industry has the characters of containing much organic waste, high chromaticity and the fast change of pH value, it has become one of the difficult treatment wastewater. In the dye wastewater treatment process, decolorization is the most difficult. There are many different types of depigmenting agents, decolorization effect is the best condensate, but the processing cost is high. In this paper, under certain conditions, on the based materials of dicyandiamide and formaldehyde, the dicyandiamide-formaldehyde decolorization flocculant was synthesized. Use it to deal with dye wastewater well, proved dicyandiamide-formaldehyde decolorization flocculant is a promising flocculant.
By design orthogonal, the synthetic conditions of dicyandiamide-formaldehyde decolorization flocculant has been optimized. Use it to deal with anthraquinone、azo dye and other types of wastewater well. Flocculant and inorganic coagulants complex used to deal with dye wastewater, not only to obtain good result, but also deal with significant lower costs.
Come through the test, the best synthesis condition of decoloration flocculant is: the temperature is 70～80℃, the time is 3.5 hour, a variety of materials ratio is n(dicyandiamide):n(formaldehyde):n(ammonium chloride):n(urea):n(sodium nitrite) is 1:2.4:0.7:0.1:0.05, modifier ammonium chloride as a additional batches. Product for basic performance is: solid content 52%, density 1.247g/cm3, viscosity 550mP.s, pH is 6, look for yellow, transparent, sticky, better liquidity liquid.
Use dicyandiamide-formaldehyde decolorization flocculant studied the effects of four types of dye wastewater. The result show that: all kinds of dye wastewater can be decolorization rate reached 99%; CODCr removal rate was also up 60% to 90%. To deal with disperse waste water is the best, to deal with acid dyes、reactive dyes followed by results effluent, to deal with bromide acid aqueous solution as opposed to the worst effects of the former.
Use the method of orthogonal design studied the formulation of the decolorization flocculant and synthetic conditions. It was found that: In the synthesis process, adding a certain proportion of inorganic coagulant(the mass fraction of 10%), Control the temperature is 40～50℃, the time is 2 hour, preparation of T composite decolorization flocculant deal with reactive waste water well. Inorganic coagulant were ferrous sulfate(T1)、ferric chloride(T2)、PAC(T3)、aluminum sulfate (T4) deal with reactive red X-3B and reactive red K-2BP dye wastewater, decolorization rate of above 99%, CODCr removal rate of close to 80%.
Use T series decoloring flocculant to deal with the Ullman condensation actual production waste water (color absorption 25.74、CODCr 11954mg/L) well. When adding quality 650mg/L, decolorization rate about 90%, CODCr removal about 65%; when the actual waste water pH<8, to deal with the conditions better than others.
通过设计正交试验优化了双氰胺-甲醛絮凝剂的合成条件,用以处理蒽醌、偶氮类等染料废水,效果良好。絮凝剂与无机混凝剂复合使用处理染料废水,不但获得了良好效果,而且处理成本大大降低。
通过试验得出脱色絮凝剂的最佳合成条件是:反应温度70℃～80℃,反应时间3.5h左右,反应各种原料摩尔比为n(双氰胺):n(甲醛):n(氯化铵):n(尿素):n(亚硝酸钠)为1:2.4:0.7:0.1:0.05,改性剂氯化铵为分批投加。所得产品基本性能为:固体含量52%,密度1.247g/cm3,粘度550mP.s,pH为6,外观为淡黄色、透明有粘性的流动性较好的液体。
用双氰胺-甲醛絮凝剂研究了四种染料废水的效果,结果发现:各种染料废水的脱色率均可达99%以上,CODCr去除率也可达60%~90%。其中,分散染料废水脱色效果最佳,酸性染料、活性染料废水的脱色效果次之,对于溶解性较大的溴氨酸中间体废水,相对脱色效果较差。
采用正交设计方法研究了脱色絮凝剂的配方与合成条件,结果发现:在合成过程中加入一定比例的无机混凝剂(质量分数10%),控制反应温度在40℃～50℃,反应时间为2小时的条件下制备出的T型复合脱色絮凝剂具有良好的脱色效果。无机混凝剂分别为硫酸亚铁(T1)、三氯化铁(T2)、聚合氯化铝(T3)、硫酸铝(T4)时制备出的脱色絮凝剂,处理活性艳红X-3B和K-2BP染料废水脱色率可达99%以上,CODCr去除率接近80%。
用T型脱色絮凝剂处理乌尔曼缩合反应实际生产废水(色度吸光度值25.74、CODCr 11954mg/L)时,效果良好。当投加量650mg/L时,脱色率达90%左右,CODCr去除率65%左右;当实际废水pH<8时,脱色效果最佳。
Since the dyeing industry has the characters of containing much organic waste, high chromaticity and the fast change of pH value, it has become one of the difficult treatment wastewater. In the dye wastewater treatment process, decolorization is the most difficult. There are many different types of depigmenting agents, decolorization effect is the best condensate, but the processing cost is high. In this paper, under certain conditions, on the based materials of dicyandiamide and formaldehyde, the dicyandiamide-formaldehyde decolorization flocculant was synthesized. Use it to deal with dye wastewater well, proved dicyandiamide-formaldehyde decolorization flocculant is a promising flocculant.
By design orthogonal, the synthetic conditions of dicyandiamide-formaldehyde decolorization flocculant has been optimized. Use it to deal with anthraquinone、azo dye and other types of wastewater well. Flocculant and inorganic coagulants complex used to deal with dye wastewater, not only to obtain good result, but also deal with significant lower costs.
Come through the test, the best synthesis condition of decoloration flocculant is: the temperature is 70～80℃, the time is 3.5 hour, a variety of materials ratio is n(dicyandiamide):n(formaldehyde):n(ammonium chloride):n(urea):n(sodium nitrite) is 1:2.4:0.7:0.1:0.05, modifier ammonium chloride as a additional batches. Product for basic performance is: solid content 52%, density 1.247g/cm3, viscosity 550mP.s, pH is 6, look for yellow, transparent, sticky, better liquidity liquid.
Use dicyandiamide-formaldehyde decolorization flocculant studied the effects of four types of dye wastewater. The result show that: all kinds of dye wastewater can be decolorization rate reached 99%; CODCr removal rate was also up 60% to 90%. To deal with disperse waste water is the best, to deal with acid dyes、reactive dyes followed by results effluent, to deal with bromide acid aqueous solution as opposed to the worst effects of the former.
Use the method of orthogonal design studied the formulation of the decolorization flocculant and synthetic conditions. It was found that: In the synthesis process, adding a certain proportion of inorganic coagulant(the mass fraction of 10%), Control the temperature is 40～50℃, the time is 2 hour, preparation of T composite decolorization flocculant deal with reactive waste water well. Inorganic coagulant were ferrous sulfate(T1)、ferric chloride(T2)、PAC(T3)、aluminum sulfate (T4) deal with reactive red X-3B and reactive red K-2BP dye wastewater, decolorization rate of above 99%, CODCr removal rate of close to 80%.
Use T series decoloring flocculant to deal with the Ullman condensation actual production waste water (color absorption 25.74、CODCr 11954mg/L) well. When adding quality 650mg/L, decolorization rate about 90%, CODCr removal about 65%; when the actual waste water pH<8, to deal with the conditions better than others.
引文
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[2]朱虹,孙杰,李剑超,印染废水处理技术,北京,中国纺织出版社,2004.
[3]林丰,双氰胺甲醛缩聚物类絮凝剂的发展与展望,工业水处理,2004,24(1):1-5
[4]刘洪山,2005年染料工业发展现状及趋势,化工技术经济,2005,23(9):1-5
[5]吴德光,铁屑还原法处理染料废水的实验研究,化工时刊,2006,20(9):55-57
[6]明银安,陆晓华,印染废水处理技术进展,工业安全与环保, 2003,29 (8): 38-39
[7]王萍,印染废水处理方法研究进展,化工环保,1997,17(15):273-277
[8]李家珍,染料染色工业废水处理,北京,化学工业出版社,1997
[9]丁忠浩,有机废水处理技术及应用,北京,化学工业出版社,2002,5
[10]郭清萍,窦涛,粉煤灰对印染废水脱色处理的研究,粉煤灰综合利用,2003,(1):20-21
[11] Qodah Z, Absorption of using shale oil ash,Water Research,2000,34(17):4295—4303.
[12] Mckay G,PoRter J F,Prasad G R,Air and Soil Pollution,1999,114(3～4):423-438
[13] Dhale A D,Mahajani V V, Waste Management,2000,20(1):85～92
[14] Ciadelli, Gianluca, Ranieri,The treatment and Reuse of Wastewater in the Textile Industry by Means of Ozonation and Electroflocculation, Water Research,2001,35(2):567-572
[15]顾晓梅,李淑华,半导体光催化效应在染料废水处理中的应用,纺织科技进展,2006,(1):22-24
[16] Alaton, Idil Arslan, Balcioglu Isil Akmehmet,etal,Advanced oxidation of a reactived yeb ath effluent,comparison of O3,H202/UV-C and Ti02/UVA proesses, Water Research,2002,( 36):1143-1154
[17]王爱民,杨立红,张素娟等,电化学方法治理含染料废水的现状与进展,工业水处理,2001,21(8):4-7
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