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豫东黄泛区粉沙土路基拓宽异沉降控制技术研究
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摘要
从满足交通量日益增长、提高服务水平、长远经济发展和交通要求的角度出发,全国高速公路进行改扩建将是今后公路建设的主旋律。粉沙土在全国有大量的分布,且在这些地区已有一些道路不能满足交通量的需求,针对粉沙土性质、粉沙土道路的拓宽的性能,差异沉降控制技术进行研究是十分必要的。
     本文首先结合国内粉沙土分布、主要特点,重点对黄泛地区粉沙土的物理特性、化学特性、力学特性进行了实验研究;其次通过有限元分析,探索了引起差异沉降的因素和控制差异沉降的方法;最后结合室内三个粉沙土路基拓宽模型,且在新旧路基结合处削坡、开挖台阶,铺土工格栅进行了室内实验研究,得到了若干成果。
     粉沙土方面:总结了国内粉沙土的各项特性,实验表明,黄泛地区地区的粉沙土粒径主要分布在0.074~1mm之间,塑性指数在5.4左右,毛细水上升高度在109cm左右,SiO2、Al2O3、CaO约占总含量的90%以上,最佳含水率为10.2%,最大干密度为1.93g/cm3,粉沙土均为中、低压缩性土,内摩擦角为13°左右,其粘聚力很小。
     粉沙土路基拓宽方面:有限元软件分析和室内实验表明,随单、双侧拓宽宽度的增加,路基顶面的最大差异沉降值越大,双侧加宽比单侧加宽差异沉降较小,双侧加宽优势明显;路基高度越大,压缩模量越小,路基沉降、差异沉降值也越大;路基顶面的沉降、最大差异沉降随新路基和旧路基模量的增加而减小;路基顶面的沉降随削坡坡度增加而减小,而最大差异沉降值逐渐增大;路基顶面的沉降、最大差异沉降值随台阶开挖宽度的增加而减小;路基顶面的沉降随开挖高度的增加而增大,而最大差异沉降值先增加后减小;湿软地基经过碎石桩处理后,路基顶面的沉降、最大差异沉降随碎石桩长度、模量、桩间土模量、土的粘聚力的增加而减小;湿软地基经过粉喷桩处理后,路基顶面的沉降、最大差异沉降随粉喷桩长度、模量、桩间土模量、土的粘聚力的增加而减小,与碎石桩相比,粉喷桩处理效果较好;土工格栅的铺设可以从一定程度上减少新路基的侧向位移,且铺设于基底和基顶时效果最好,土工格栅铺于越下层,则新旧路基差异沉降越小。
From the view of satisfying with the growing traffic,improving the service level,developing thelong-term ecnomic and transport requirements,the repairment and expansion to the national highway is the themeof highway construction.As the silty soil has distributed in large areas in our country, and even some roads inthese areas can not meet the needs of the traffic, so it is necessary to study the nature of aeolian sand soil,theeffection to widen the the silty soil roads and difference settlement control technology.
     First this paper does experimental study on the physical characteristics, chemical character andMechanical Characters of silty soil in the east of Henan province combining the distribution and maincharacteristics of silty soil. Some research was done on road broaden projects, and analyzes the advantages anddisadvantages of several silty soil road broaden project and the choice of such projects; Second through the finiteelement, we can analyze the factors caused differential settlement and the method to control differential settlement.Last do indoor experiment research on slope cutting, excavation step and paving geogrid at the joint of old andnew subgrade combining with the three fine sand subgrade broaden models. And already got some results.
     Silty soil aspects: summarize the different properties of domestic silty. Experiments show that thediameter of the silty in the east of Henan province is between0.074mm and0.100mm, plasticity index is about5.4,the capillary water height is about109cm, the total content of SiO2, Al2O3, CaO is more than90%, the bestmoisture content is about10.2%and the maximum dry density is1.93g/cm3.All silty soil are medium or lowcompressibility soil, internal friction angle is13°or so and the cohesion is small.
     Silty sandy subgrade broaden aspects: The finite element software analysis and indoor experimentsshow that with the increase of widened width to bilateral and unilateral the biggest differential settlement value of embankment top is bigger. The differential settlement value of bilateral widen is smaller than unilateral widen,bilateral widened has obvious advantages. The bigger of subgrade height and the smaller of compression modulus,the subgrade settlement value and differential settlement value will be bigger. The settlement of embankment topand the maximum differential settlement value will decrease with the increase of new and old subgrade modulus.The settlement of embankment top decrease with the increase of slope cutting gradient, but the maximumdifferential settlement value will increase. The settlement of embankment top and the maximum differentialsettlement value decreased with the increase of excavation step width. The settlement of embankment topincreases with the increase of excavation height, the maximum differential settlement value will increase first thendecrease. After the processing of gravel pile, the settlement of wet and soft embankment top and the maximumdifferential settlement decreased with the increase of length of gravel pile, quantity of modulus, the quantity ofsoil modulus between gravel piles, the cohesion of soil. After the processing of cement power spraying piles, thesettlement of wet and soft embankment top and the maximum differential settlement decreased with the increaseof length of gravel pile, quantity of modulus, the quantity of soil modulus between gravel piles, the cohesion ofsoil. Compared with grave pile, cement power spraying pile is better. The paving of geogrid can reduce the literaldisplacement of new subgrade to a certain degree. And pave at the basement and the top is the best. The lowerlevel of the geogrid the smaller of the differential settlement.
引文
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