泵站前池流态改善三维数值模拟研究
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摘要
泵站前池是泵站的一个重要的组成部分,进水的水力特性对水泵性能有着直接的影响,良好的进水条件可以使水泵装置达到良好的运行状态,获得较高的效率。而在某些情况之下,由于受到条件的限制,前池不能正向布置,而采用侧向布置,则可能造成水流进入前池后产生偏斜、脱壁、回流、漩涡等不良水流流态,不良流态将严重影响进水池内的流态,导致水泵能量性能和汽蚀性能下降,甚至引起水泵的汽蚀和振动,同时回流还会引起前池内的局部淤积,而泥沙淤积又会进一步加剧不良流态的发展。前池内的不良流态通常通过工程措施来调整,以使水泵有良好的进水流态。
整流措施以往主要是通过模型试验方法确定,它的特点是形象直观,但是耗用较多的资金和时间。随着流体动力学数值求解技术和计算机硬件技术的发展,泵站前池三维湍流场的研究将是泵站工程领域的重要方向之一。
本文以徐州李楼泵站弧形弯道前池为例,采用AUTOCAD2004和GAMBIT软件来完成前池和流道的三维实体造型,使用GAMBIT软件对前池和流道进行非结构化网格的剖分,采用局部加密技术对实体进行了较高精度和较高质量的网格剖分。然后基于FLUENT软件在三种不同k ?ε紊流模型基础上对泵站前池流态进行了模拟,数值模拟结果和模型试验结果比较后,得出了较适合本例的标准k ?ε紊流模型。再针对前池流场的具体特点,分析底坎和导流板整流措施的整流特点后来拟定各个整流措施的具体方案。通过三维数值模拟,以各方案的进口断面流速分布均匀度为目标函数,来详细分析底坎和导流板设置形式、尺寸、数量、位置对整流效果的影响,最后得出了本文所采用的数学模型是合适的结果并给出了能够合理优化本例的整流技术布置方案。
Forebay of Pumping Station is an important component part of the Pumping Station. The Inlet Hydraulic Characteristics has direct effect on pump performance. Good Intake Conditions can make pumping system keep running well and achieving a high efficiency. However, in certain situations it impossible to use the Front Inflow forebay, but Lateral Receiving forebay could make flow in the bad flow pattern, such as deviation, detachment of wall, circulation, vortex and so on. These bad flow patterns will seriously affect the flow pattern in forebay, induce the decline of Energy performances and Cavitations Property of pump, even cause vapour Erosion of pump and Vibration. Meanwhile backflow also lead to local sedimentation in forebay, which has further aggravated the development of bad flow pattern. Bad flow pattern in forebay can be resolved by adjusting the engineering measures.
The main measures for regulating the flow pattern are determined by model Trial Method, The characteristic of this method is good visual but use lots of fund and time. With the progress of technique of Numerical Solution with Fluid dynamics and Computer Hardware Technology, the investigation of 3D Turbulence Flow Field in forebay will be a significant direction of research and application in the field of Pumping Station Engineering.
This paper takes Xuzhou lilou pumping station as an example for analysis. Using AUTOCAD2004 and GAMBIT to complete 3D Entity Modeling Design of forebay and Passage. Unstructured grids cutting of forebay and Passage made by GAMBIT, meanwhile, the technique of locally densify mesh was adopted to achieve high accuracy and high quality mesh generation. Simulating flow pattern in the forebay by FLUENT based on three k ?εmodels, Comparison between numerical simulation results and model test shows that the standard k ?εmodels is suitable for this case. According to the definite characteristics of the flow field in forebay, concrete measures which regulate the flow pattern are studied after analysis on characteristics of bottom sills and diversion plate. This article uses 3D numerical simulation, analyzes the affection of the form, the size, the quantity, the location of bottom sills and diversion plate on flow conditions in detail, and finally reaches the conclusion that Mathematical Model which adopted in this paper is suitable ,which gives reasonable optimization arrangement Scheme of improvement flow pattern for this case.
整流措施以往主要是通过模型试验方法确定,它的特点是形象直观,但是耗用较多的资金和时间。随着流体动力学数值求解技术和计算机硬件技术的发展,泵站前池三维湍流场的研究将是泵站工程领域的重要方向之一。
本文以徐州李楼泵站弧形弯道前池为例,采用AUTOCAD2004和GAMBIT软件来完成前池和流道的三维实体造型,使用GAMBIT软件对前池和流道进行非结构化网格的剖分,采用局部加密技术对实体进行了较高精度和较高质量的网格剖分。然后基于FLUENT软件在三种不同k ?ε紊流模型基础上对泵站前池流态进行了模拟,数值模拟结果和模型试验结果比较后,得出了较适合本例的标准k ?ε紊流模型。再针对前池流场的具体特点,分析底坎和导流板整流措施的整流特点后来拟定各个整流措施的具体方案。通过三维数值模拟,以各方案的进口断面流速分布均匀度为目标函数,来详细分析底坎和导流板设置形式、尺寸、数量、位置对整流效果的影响,最后得出了本文所采用的数学模型是合适的结果并给出了能够合理优化本例的整流技术布置方案。
Forebay of Pumping Station is an important component part of the Pumping Station. The Inlet Hydraulic Characteristics has direct effect on pump performance. Good Intake Conditions can make pumping system keep running well and achieving a high efficiency. However, in certain situations it impossible to use the Front Inflow forebay, but Lateral Receiving forebay could make flow in the bad flow pattern, such as deviation, detachment of wall, circulation, vortex and so on. These bad flow patterns will seriously affect the flow pattern in forebay, induce the decline of Energy performances and Cavitations Property of pump, even cause vapour Erosion of pump and Vibration. Meanwhile backflow also lead to local sedimentation in forebay, which has further aggravated the development of bad flow pattern. Bad flow pattern in forebay can be resolved by adjusting the engineering measures.
The main measures for regulating the flow pattern are determined by model Trial Method, The characteristic of this method is good visual but use lots of fund and time. With the progress of technique of Numerical Solution with Fluid dynamics and Computer Hardware Technology, the investigation of 3D Turbulence Flow Field in forebay will be a significant direction of research and application in the field of Pumping Station Engineering.
This paper takes Xuzhou lilou pumping station as an example for analysis. Using AUTOCAD2004 and GAMBIT to complete 3D Entity Modeling Design of forebay and Passage. Unstructured grids cutting of forebay and Passage made by GAMBIT, meanwhile, the technique of locally densify mesh was adopted to achieve high accuracy and high quality mesh generation. Simulating flow pattern in the forebay by FLUENT based on three k ?εmodels, Comparison between numerical simulation results and model test shows that the standard k ?εmodels is suitable for this case. According to the definite characteristics of the flow field in forebay, concrete measures which regulate the flow pattern are studied after analysis on characteristics of bottom sills and diversion plate. This article uses 3D numerical simulation, analyzes the affection of the form, the size, the quantity, the location of bottom sills and diversion plate on flow conditions in detail, and finally reaches the conclusion that Mathematical Model which adopted in this paper is suitable ,which gives reasonable optimization arrangement Scheme of improvement flow pattern for this case.
引文
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