循环氢压缩机组控制系统设计及仿真器开发
摘要
根据单独垂直剖分式大流量离心压缩机、凝气冲动式汽轮机工程设计方案,设计循环氢压缩机组自动控制系统。重点给出压缩机组防喘振控制、安全保护系统的设计及实施方案。通过一个实际的压缩机组控制方案说明工程实施中的主要内容和实现效果。
在熟悉和掌握离心压缩机、凝气冲动式汽轮机结构和原理的基础上建立了反映机组特性的数学模型。给出压缩机性能计算的主要参数和计算结果对照。
根据循环氢压缩机仿真的需要,建立了压缩机、汽轮机数学模型,开发出包括干气密封、润滑油系统、蒸汽系统、凝结水系统、WOODWARD数字式505电子调速器的压缩机组DCS仿真器。仿真器按照横河CENTUM-CS操作设计,并融入目前机组联锁系统(SIS)的内容。给出仿真器结构、算法、组态平台等设计方案,主要设备的操作步骤、调速器的使用说明,用于培训的评分系统和故障设置功能。
仿真软件的考核表明所建数学模型合理、适用,能够模拟循环氢压缩机组的实际运行过程,满足生产操作仿真培训要求。
Based on the engineering design of centrifugal compressor and steam turbine, present the engineering design of automatic control for turbine & compressor which focus on the anti-surge solution and its safety system. A real engineering solution is given to show the function and main components of the compressor control system with its operation interface. The models used in the simulator are based on the structure and operation principle of the steam-turbine and compressor. The parameters of the model of centrifugal compressor are presented and the calculated result of the model proved to be the same as the engineering design data.
To meet the need of developing the simulator of turbine & compressor, mathematical model and simulation software is delivered which includes models of compressor, steam turbine. The simulation consist the dry gas seal system, the lubricant system, the steam system, the heated water system and the operation of WOODWARD505 electric speed governor. The simulator operation is same to CENTUM-CS and the function of safety instrumentation system is also realized. The main structure, arithmetic strategy, configuration tool is also described as well as the operation guide of main equipments and 505 governor. The auto-grade system and operation-accident set system is also introduced.
The experiment of simulation indicates that the model is in reason, method is right, and the model can describe the operation of the centrifugal compressor and steam turbine. Consequently, it has reference value to operators training and engineering design.
在熟悉和掌握离心压缩机、凝气冲动式汽轮机结构和原理的基础上建立了反映机组特性的数学模型。给出压缩机性能计算的主要参数和计算结果对照。
根据循环氢压缩机仿真的需要,建立了压缩机、汽轮机数学模型,开发出包括干气密封、润滑油系统、蒸汽系统、凝结水系统、WOODWARD数字式505电子调速器的压缩机组DCS仿真器。仿真器按照横河CENTUM-CS操作设计,并融入目前机组联锁系统(SIS)的内容。给出仿真器结构、算法、组态平台等设计方案,主要设备的操作步骤、调速器的使用说明,用于培训的评分系统和故障设置功能。
仿真软件的考核表明所建数学模型合理、适用,能够模拟循环氢压缩机组的实际运行过程,满足生产操作仿真培训要求。
Based on the engineering design of centrifugal compressor and steam turbine, present the engineering design of automatic control for turbine & compressor which focus on the anti-surge solution and its safety system. A real engineering solution is given to show the function and main components of the compressor control system with its operation interface. The models used in the simulator are based on the structure and operation principle of the steam-turbine and compressor. The parameters of the model of centrifugal compressor are presented and the calculated result of the model proved to be the same as the engineering design data.
To meet the need of developing the simulator of turbine & compressor, mathematical model and simulation software is delivered which includes models of compressor, steam turbine. The simulation consist the dry gas seal system, the lubricant system, the steam system, the heated water system and the operation of WOODWARD505 electric speed governor. The simulator operation is same to CENTUM-CS and the function of safety instrumentation system is also realized. The main structure, arithmetic strategy, configuration tool is also described as well as the operation guide of main equipments and 505 governor. The auto-grade system and operation-accident set system is also introduced.
The experiment of simulation indicates that the model is in reason, method is right, and the model can describe the operation of the centrifugal compressor and steam turbine. Consequently, it has reference value to operators training and engineering design.
引文
[1] Gresh, M T. Selection, Operation and Testing of Axial and Centrifugal Compressors. Compressor Performance [J]. 1991,13 (2): 32-39
[2]赵远扬,李连生,束鹏程.压缩机的技术现状及其发展趋势.GM通用机械[J],2005,09:36-37
[3]陈宗华,秦云龙,梁晓刚,等.石化行业大型离心式压缩机组安全运行研究.化工装备技术[J],2005,26(02):57-64
[4]王廷俊.气体压缩机在石化工业的应用和发展.GM通用机械[J],2005,03:8-10
[5]张建华.大型离心式压缩机组控制系统的发展趋势及主要技术特点.化肥工业[J],1999,26(01):36-39
[6] Compressor Anti-surge Control Application [G]. Emerson Process Management, 2007
[7] Engineered solutions: Compressor anti-surge control valves. Hydrocarbon Asia [J], 2007, (Jan/Feb):58~59
[8]徐忠.离心式压缩机原理(修订本)[M] .机械工业出版社,1988:2-3
[9] Paul C Hanlon.压缩机手册[M].中国石化出版社,2003:83-92
[10]杜志永.大型离心压缩机密封技术研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2003
[11]李双刚,马晓伟,潘卫锋.串联式干气密封在循环氢气压缩机上的应用.石油化工设备[J],2005,34(02):55-57
[12]刘振辉.干气密封技术及在循环氢压缩机上的应用.石油化工设备技术[J],2005,26(05):35-37
[13]丁振亭.离心式压缩机组油系统的设计.化工设备与管道[J],1997,34(01):37-40
[14] R L Behnken, R M Murray.Combined air injector control of rotating stall and bleed valve control of surge.Amer.Contr.Conf [C],1994
[15]赵阳.大型空分装置的空气透平压缩机自动控制.深冷技术[J],2003,01:29-34
[16]戴金龙.离心式压缩机的调节控制系统.风机技术[J],2002,06:36-39
[17]孙国华.离心式压缩机自控系统及设计中应注意的问题.石油化工自动化[J],1999,04:28-32
[18]王明玉.离心式压缩机的防喘振控制.石油化工自动化[J],2000,05:28-31
[19]王彦军,杨继全.离心式压缩机的防喘振控制系统.齐齐哈尔大学学报[J],2003,19(01):116-118
[20]何广平.离心压缩机组紧急停车及安全连锁系统设计研究.风机技术[J],2004,02:5-6
[21]刘居江.离心式压缩机控制系统及轴监控仪表安装调试方法.石油化工自动化[J],2004,04 :25-31
[22]张晓松,张漪芳,马继栋.柴油加氢装置循环氢压缩机防喘振控制.石油化工设备[J],2004,33(06):69-70
[23]李新卫.新型压缩机防喘振控制在气压机改造中的应用.石油化工自动化[J],2002,13 (3):30-32
[24] Botros K K, Henderson. Developments in Centrifugal Compressor Surge Control-A Technology Assessment.Transactions of the ASME Journal of Turbomachinery [J], 1994,13(4) :234-238
[25] White M H.Surge Control for Centrifugal Compressors.Chemical Engineering [J], 1992;23(12) :145-147.
[26]催化裂化装置仪表及自动控制设计导则[G].中国石化集团洛阳石油化工工程公司. 2000
[27]魏宗宪,卢世忠,李自荣.大型透平式压缩机防喘振控制及应用.化工机械[J],2002,29(05):301-305
[28]焦景彦.ITCC透平-压缩机控制系统防喘振控制的探讨.炼油与化工[J],2004,04:37-38
[29]李学青.汽轮机—离心压缩机组集成综合控制系统.风机技术[J],2003,05:31-33
[30]李英俊,袁利剑,袁大辉.综合控制系统在压缩机防喘振控制中的应用.石油化工自动化[J],2003,6:23-25
[31] Integrated Turbomachinery Control and Protection Systems.Invensys Systems Company [G],2002
[32]孙雨,郑爱国.TRICONEX综合控制系统在延迟焦化装置上的应用.通用机械[J],2004,09:46-49
[33] Jan Tommy Gravdahl.Modeling and Control of Surge and Rotating Stall in Compressors [D].Oslo: Norwegian University of Science and Technology,1998
[34]朱晓燕,吴重光,沈承林.化工过程的仿真模型建立.系统仿真学报[J],1994,6(04):33-40
[35]陈宗海.过程系统建模与仿真.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1997:1-28
[36]田学民.大型离心压缩机组的数学模型和动态模拟.炼油设计[J],1998,28(04):58
[37]汪义起,郭智强.化肥尿素CO2压缩机仿真系统.安庆师范学院学报(自然科学版)[J],2001,7(03):7-10
[38]烃类气体压缩机选型计算程序软件设计说明书[G].中国石化集团洛阳石油化工工程公司.2000
[39]李伯虎,文传源.系统仿真技术新动向,计算机仿真[J],1996,13(3):1-5
[40]王洪元,赵涤之,林西平.石油化工过程智能仿真培训系统软件设计与实现.石油化工高等学校学报[J],1995,8(04):59-63
[41]楚纪正.化工过程动态仿真软件的一般结构.计算机仿真[J],1996,13(04):30-32
[42]许国虎.催化裂化装置仿真系统设计.河南化工[J],2001,04:25-28
[43]施大鹏,许国虎,李胜利,等.对二甲苯装置仿真系统的开发应用.炼油技术与工程[J],2004,04:34-36
[44]熊光楞.连续系统仿真与离散系统仿真[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1991:34-43
[2]赵远扬,李连生,束鹏程.压缩机的技术现状及其发展趋势.GM通用机械[J],2005,09:36-37
[3]陈宗华,秦云龙,梁晓刚,等.石化行业大型离心式压缩机组安全运行研究.化工装备技术[J],2005,26(02):57-64
[4]王廷俊.气体压缩机在石化工业的应用和发展.GM通用机械[J],2005,03:8-10
[5]张建华.大型离心式压缩机组控制系统的发展趋势及主要技术特点.化肥工业[J],1999,26(01):36-39
[6] Compressor Anti-surge Control Application [G]. Emerson Process Management, 2007
[7] Engineered solutions: Compressor anti-surge control valves. Hydrocarbon Asia [J], 2007, (Jan/Feb):58~59
[8]徐忠.离心式压缩机原理(修订本)[M] .机械工业出版社,1988:2-3
[9] Paul C Hanlon.压缩机手册[M].中国石化出版社,2003:83-92
[10]杜志永.大型离心压缩机密封技术研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2003
[11]李双刚,马晓伟,潘卫锋.串联式干气密封在循环氢气压缩机上的应用.石油化工设备[J],2005,34(02):55-57
[12]刘振辉.干气密封技术及在循环氢压缩机上的应用.石油化工设备技术[J],2005,26(05):35-37
[13]丁振亭.离心式压缩机组油系统的设计.化工设备与管道[J],1997,34(01):37-40
[14] R L Behnken, R M Murray.Combined air injector control of rotating stall and bleed valve control of surge.Amer.Contr.Conf [C],1994
[15]赵阳.大型空分装置的空气透平压缩机自动控制.深冷技术[J],2003,01:29-34
[16]戴金龙.离心式压缩机的调节控制系统.风机技术[J],2002,06:36-39
[17]孙国华.离心式压缩机自控系统及设计中应注意的问题.石油化工自动化[J],1999,04:28-32
[18]王明玉.离心式压缩机的防喘振控制.石油化工自动化[J],2000,05:28-31
[19]王彦军,杨继全.离心式压缩机的防喘振控制系统.齐齐哈尔大学学报[J],2003,19(01):116-118
[20]何广平.离心压缩机组紧急停车及安全连锁系统设计研究.风机技术[J],2004,02:5-6
[21]刘居江.离心式压缩机控制系统及轴监控仪表安装调试方法.石油化工自动化[J],2004,04 :25-31
[22]张晓松,张漪芳,马继栋.柴油加氢装置循环氢压缩机防喘振控制.石油化工设备[J],2004,33(06):69-70
[23]李新卫.新型压缩机防喘振控制在气压机改造中的应用.石油化工自动化[J],2002,13 (3):30-32
[24] Botros K K, Henderson. Developments in Centrifugal Compressor Surge Control-A Technology Assessment.Transactions of the ASME Journal of Turbomachinery [J], 1994,13(4) :234-238
[25] White M H.Surge Control for Centrifugal Compressors.Chemical Engineering [J], 1992;23(12) :145-147.
[26]催化裂化装置仪表及自动控制设计导则[G].中国石化集团洛阳石油化工工程公司. 2000
[27]魏宗宪,卢世忠,李自荣.大型透平式压缩机防喘振控制及应用.化工机械[J],2002,29(05):301-305
[28]焦景彦.ITCC透平-压缩机控制系统防喘振控制的探讨.炼油与化工[J],2004,04:37-38
[29]李学青.汽轮机—离心压缩机组集成综合控制系统.风机技术[J],2003,05:31-33
[30]李英俊,袁利剑,袁大辉.综合控制系统在压缩机防喘振控制中的应用.石油化工自动化[J],2003,6:23-25
[31] Integrated Turbomachinery Control and Protection Systems.Invensys Systems Company [G],2002
[32]孙雨,郑爱国.TRICONEX综合控制系统在延迟焦化装置上的应用.通用机械[J],2004,09:46-49
[33] Jan Tommy Gravdahl.Modeling and Control of Surge and Rotating Stall in Compressors [D].Oslo: Norwegian University of Science and Technology,1998
[34]朱晓燕,吴重光,沈承林.化工过程的仿真模型建立.系统仿真学报[J],1994,6(04):33-40
[35]陈宗海.过程系统建模与仿真.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1997:1-28
[36]田学民.大型离心压缩机组的数学模型和动态模拟.炼油设计[J],1998,28(04):58
[37]汪义起,郭智强.化肥尿素CO2压缩机仿真系统.安庆师范学院学报(自然科学版)[J],2001,7(03):7-10
[38]烃类气体压缩机选型计算程序软件设计说明书[G].中国石化集团洛阳石油化工工程公司.2000
[39]李伯虎,文传源.系统仿真技术新动向,计算机仿真[J],1996,13(3):1-5
[40]王洪元,赵涤之,林西平.石油化工过程智能仿真培训系统软件设计与实现.石油化工高等学校学报[J],1995,8(04):59-63
[41]楚纪正.化工过程动态仿真软件的一般结构.计算机仿真[J],1996,13(04):30-32
[42]许国虎.催化裂化装置仿真系统设计.河南化工[J],2001,04:25-28
[43]施大鹏,许国虎,李胜利,等.对二甲苯装置仿真系统的开发应用.炼油技术与工程[J],2004,04:34-36
[44]熊光楞.连续系统仿真与离散系统仿真[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1991:34-43
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