脉冲电抗器磁场特性及外部结构的电磁力分析
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摘要
脉冲电抗器是脉冲功率源装置中一个重要的组成部分，主要起到对放电电流的限流及调整脉冲宽度的作用。随着脉冲功率源技术向着小型化、模块化方向的发展，脉冲功率源装置对脉冲电抗器的技术要求也越来越高。因此，对脉冲电抗器进行系统分析是十分必要的。
论文在综述脉冲电抗器应用背景的基础上，对脉冲电抗器设计与计算等相关问题进行了分析。论文首先介绍了有关电磁场的一些基础理论，如定解条件、边界条件以及电磁场计算的有限元方法，之后根据脉冲电抗器的特点，建立了简化的脉冲电抗器线圈的计算模型，推导了脉冲电抗器磁场、自感和互感的函数表达式；其次，结合脉冲电抗器运行环境的特点着重分析了脉冲电抗器的电磁力特性，从数学角度推导了脉冲电抗器电磁力与结构参数的数学关系式；然后，在给出脉冲电抗器外部结构的基础上，就其特点利用B-S定律，经过分析推导，得出脉冲电抗器外部结构所受电磁力与其结构参数的数学关系式；最后，利用ANSYS软件，结合相关实验参数进行了仿真，建立了有关电磁场的二维仿真模型，给出了磁感应强度与电磁力的矢量结果图以及磁场强度的等高线图，并利用这些计算结果对实验现象和产生的机理进行了对比分析。结果表明，论文中关于电抗器的分析方法和计算模型对脉冲电抗器的设计具有一定的指导意义。
The pulsed reactor is an important part in the pulsed power supply. Along with the development of pulsed power supply technology and the request of its modular and miniaturized, the demand for pulsed reactor is higher. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the pulsed reactor.
In the pulsed reactor application background foundation, the paper has carried on the analysis to the design of pulsed reactor and the foundation knowledge of computation.
First, some basic theories about electromagnetic field computation were introduced, for example, after condition of well-posed solution, boundary condition as well as finite element method about electromagnetic field computation. Combined its characteristics, the pulsed reactor models were established, and the mathematics expressions of pulsed reactor magnetic field, the self inductance and mutual inductance were educed.
Next, combined the movement environment of pulsed reactor, the electromagnetic force of pulsed reactor was analyzed, and the mathematic expressions of the electromagnetic force and structural parameter were educed.
Then, after giving the exterior structure of pulsed reactor and utilizing the law of B-S, the mathematics expressions of electromagnetic force and structural parameter about the exterior structure of pulsed reactor were obtained.
Finally, utilized experimental parameter and the ANSYS software, the models of two-dimensional about electromagnetic field were established, the vector graphs of magnetic induction intensity and electromagnetic force, and the contour graphs of magnetic strength were attained. At the same time, the experiment was introduced briefly, the contrastive analysis about experimental result was given which can help with design of pulsed reactor. What result shows, the analysis and calculate was help for the design of pulsed reactor.
论文在综述脉冲电抗器应用背景的基础上，对脉冲电抗器设计与计算等相关问题进行了分析。论文首先介绍了有关电磁场的一些基础理论，如定解条件、边界条件以及电磁场计算的有限元方法，之后根据脉冲电抗器的特点，建立了简化的脉冲电抗器线圈的计算模型，推导了脉冲电抗器磁场、自感和互感的函数表达式；其次，结合脉冲电抗器运行环境的特点着重分析了脉冲电抗器的电磁力特性，从数学角度推导了脉冲电抗器电磁力与结构参数的数学关系式；然后，在给出脉冲电抗器外部结构的基础上，就其特点利用B-S定律，经过分析推导，得出脉冲电抗器外部结构所受电磁力与其结构参数的数学关系式；最后，利用ANSYS软件，结合相关实验参数进行了仿真，建立了有关电磁场的二维仿真模型，给出了磁感应强度与电磁力的矢量结果图以及磁场强度的等高线图，并利用这些计算结果对实验现象和产生的机理进行了对比分析。结果表明，论文中关于电抗器的分析方法和计算模型对脉冲电抗器的设计具有一定的指导意义。
The pulsed reactor is an important part in the pulsed power supply. Along with the development of pulsed power supply technology and the request of its modular and miniaturized, the demand for pulsed reactor is higher. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the pulsed reactor.
In the pulsed reactor application background foundation, the paper has carried on the analysis to the design of pulsed reactor and the foundation knowledge of computation.
First, some basic theories about electromagnetic field computation were introduced, for example, after condition of well-posed solution, boundary condition as well as finite element method about electromagnetic field computation. Combined its characteristics, the pulsed reactor models were established, and the mathematics expressions of pulsed reactor magnetic field, the self inductance and mutual inductance were educed.
Next, combined the movement environment of pulsed reactor, the electromagnetic force of pulsed reactor was analyzed, and the mathematic expressions of the electromagnetic force and structural parameter were educed.
Then, after giving the exterior structure of pulsed reactor and utilizing the law of B-S, the mathematics expressions of electromagnetic force and structural parameter about the exterior structure of pulsed reactor were obtained.
Finally, utilized experimental parameter and the ANSYS software, the models of two-dimensional about electromagnetic field were established, the vector graphs of magnetic induction intensity and electromagnetic force, and the contour graphs of magnetic strength were attained. At the same time, the experiment was introduced briefly, the contrastive analysis about experimental result was given which can help with design of pulsed reactor. What result shows, the analysis and calculate was help for the design of pulsed reactor.
引文
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2 杨海芳，赵海翔．干式空心电抗器短路电动力的计算．电工技术，1999(9)：13-15
3 孙孟大，王德泰，叶是杰．高稳定度大功率脉冲稳流电源．中国电工技术学会电力电子学会第七次全国学术会议，176-177
4 Dong Jiannian, Gui Yingchun, Liu Jun. A Mobile Pulsed Power Supply For ETCG. Journal of Ballistic,2005(2):84-88
5 李正瀛．脉冲功率技术．第1版．北京：水利电力出版社，1992
6 J.V. Parker, D. T. Berry, P. T. Snowden. The IAT Electromagnetic Launch Research Facility. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 1997(1): 129-133
7 董健年．电容储能脉冲成形网络技术及在电热化学炮中的应用．[博士学位论文]．南京：南京理工大学，2001
8 崔东明，董健年，黄新华．一种用于高功率脉冲电源的闭合开关．南京理工大学学报，1997(4)：317-320
9 李勇，李力毅，程树康，王莹．电磁弹射技术的原理与现状．微电机，2001(5)：3-5
10 郭明安，李斌康，孙凤荣．便携式ns级脉冲功率高压源的设计与实现．高电压技术，2004(2)：48-50
11 彭涛，辜承林．脉冲强磁场及其发展动态．电工技术，2002(11)：1-4
12 石磊，邱爱慈，周国振，沈志康．微秒级强脉冲磁场的产生和测量．高压电器，2001(2)：24-25
13 曹云东，夏天伟，来常学．高压空心电抗器的磁场分析及电感计算．变压器，1995(5)：21-26
14 Alex Pokryvailo, Yefim Yankelevich, Michael Wolf, Eli Abramzon, Shlomo Wald, A. Welleman. A High-Power Pulsed Corona Source for Pollution Control Applications. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2004(5):2045-2054
15 Jiannian Dong, Wenbin Hu, Jun Zhang, Yingchun Gui, Jun Li. A 100kJ modular pulsed power supply with thyristors. 13th Electromagnetic launch technology Symposium, 2006
16 马信山，张济世，王平．电磁场基础．第1版．北京：清华大学出版社，1995．
17 胡来平，刘占军．电磁学计算方法的比较．现代电子技术，2003(10)：75-78
18 杨平．电磁场计算中用数值解逼近解析解的新方法．电机与控制学报，2004(2)：187-190
19 文柯一．计算电磁学的进展与展望．电子学报，1995(10)：62-69
20 鲁述，徐鹏根．电磁场边值问题解析方法．第1版．武汉：武汉大学出版社，2005
21 王燕京．电磁场数值分析方法．北京建筑工程学院学报，2003(3)：78-80
22 倪光正，杨士友，钱秀英，邱捷等．工程电磁场数值计算．第1版．北京：机械工业出版社，2004
23 高攀，黄放．有限元方法的发展状况和应用．电机技术，1999(2)：25-26
24 陈金英．电磁学与电动力学．第1版．北京：科学出版社，2005
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