利用沂南金矿尾矿制作加气混凝土的试验研究
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摘要
矿产资源属于不可再生资源,矿产资源问题已成为世界上迫切解决的重大问题之一。随着矿产资源的不断开采,矿山固体废弃物却在逐年增多。据不完全统计,我国现有矿山尾矿库2700多座,尾矿堆积量高达80.51亿吨。尾矿具有污染与利用的双重性,不仅含有大量可被利用的金属或非金属元素,而且也是一种复合矿物原料,可以用于建筑材料的生产中。我国尾矿综合利用起步较晚,但也已取得一定的成果,尾矿砂用于蒸压砖、加气混凝土、微晶玻璃等建筑材料已经实现工业化生产。
本试验主要研究利用沂南金矿的低硅尾矿生产加气混凝土。由于沂南金矿的尾矿的SiO2含量较低,试验分别采用了磨细天然砂和粉煤灰校正了硅质材料,研究了不同的取代率对低硅尾矿加气混凝土性能的影响;另一方面,系统研究了以高硫石油焦脱硫灰渣完全代替生石灰作为新型钙质材料,并使用低硅尾矿制备加气混凝土的性能。通过大量试验,最终找出生产合格蒸压加气混凝土制品的配方和工艺研究,并且利用X射线衍射对制品进行了微观分析,探讨了制品强度形成机理及反应进程。
试验研究结果表明,当用磨细天然砂和粉煤灰粉煤灰部分取代低硅尾矿时,可以明显提高蒸压加气混凝土的性能,制品的干密度等级和强度等级可以满足GB11968-2006《蒸压加气混凝土砌块》标准要求;高硫石油焦脱硫渣可用于蒸压加气混凝土制品的生产,并且其性能优于石灰。利用低硅尾矿和高硫石油焦脱硫渣生产加气混凝土,利废率高,成本低,有巨大的经济效益和环境效益。
Mineral resources are non-renewable resources, mineral resources has become the world's major problems to be solved urgently. With the continued exploitation of mineral resources, solid waste of mining is increasing year by year. According to incomplete statistics, China's existing tailings reservoir more than 2,700, the tailings piled up more than 8.051 billion tons. Pollution and utilization is the duality of tailings, not only contains large amounts of metal or non-metallic elements, but also a composite minerals materials, can be used in building materials. The tailings comprehensive utilization of our country starts relatively late, but also has obtained some achievements, Mine tailings for autoclaved brick, autoclaved aerated concrete, glass and other building materials has been achieved industrial production.
The research mainly use the Yinan gold mine low-silicon tailings to product of autoclaved aerated concrete. As the Yinan gold mine tailings content low SiO2, testing used natural sand and fly ash to improve silicon content, reserched the effect of different replacement rate to the autoclaved aerated concrete. The other hand, systematic studied high-sulfur petroleum coke desulfurization ash and dreg as a new calcareous material, low-silicon tailings as siliceous material to product autoclaved aerated concrete. Finally, find out the formula and production process of the qualified autoclaved aerated concrete. and the means of X-ray diffraction micro-analysis of the products were discussed the formation mechanism and reaction products the process of intensity .
Experimental results show that when the natural sand with fine grinding and high-quality parts to replace the low-silicon tailings, fly ash, it can significantly improve the performance of autoclaved aerated concrete, products, dry density and intensity of grade levels to meet GB11968-2006 "steamed pressure aerated concrete block "standard requirements; high-sulfur petroleum coke desulfurization slag can be used for autoclaved aerated concrete products, production, and its performance is better than lime. The use of low-silicon high-sulfur petroleum coke desulfurization of tailings and slag produced aerated concrete, Lee spent a high rate, low cost and has a huge economic and environmental benefits.
本试验主要研究利用沂南金矿的低硅尾矿生产加气混凝土。由于沂南金矿的尾矿的SiO2含量较低,试验分别采用了磨细天然砂和粉煤灰校正了硅质材料,研究了不同的取代率对低硅尾矿加气混凝土性能的影响;另一方面,系统研究了以高硫石油焦脱硫灰渣完全代替生石灰作为新型钙质材料,并使用低硅尾矿制备加气混凝土的性能。通过大量试验,最终找出生产合格蒸压加气混凝土制品的配方和工艺研究,并且利用X射线衍射对制品进行了微观分析,探讨了制品强度形成机理及反应进程。
试验研究结果表明,当用磨细天然砂和粉煤灰粉煤灰部分取代低硅尾矿时,可以明显提高蒸压加气混凝土的性能,制品的干密度等级和强度等级可以满足GB11968-2006《蒸压加气混凝土砌块》标准要求;高硫石油焦脱硫渣可用于蒸压加气混凝土制品的生产,并且其性能优于石灰。利用低硅尾矿和高硫石油焦脱硫渣生产加气混凝土,利废率高,成本低,有巨大的经济效益和环境效益。
Mineral resources are non-renewable resources, mineral resources has become the world's major problems to be solved urgently. With the continued exploitation of mineral resources, solid waste of mining is increasing year by year. According to incomplete statistics, China's existing tailings reservoir more than 2,700, the tailings piled up more than 8.051 billion tons. Pollution and utilization is the duality of tailings, not only contains large amounts of metal or non-metallic elements, but also a composite minerals materials, can be used in building materials. The tailings comprehensive utilization of our country starts relatively late, but also has obtained some achievements, Mine tailings for autoclaved brick, autoclaved aerated concrete, glass and other building materials has been achieved industrial production.
The research mainly use the Yinan gold mine low-silicon tailings to product of autoclaved aerated concrete. As the Yinan gold mine tailings content low SiO2, testing used natural sand and fly ash to improve silicon content, reserched the effect of different replacement rate to the autoclaved aerated concrete. The other hand, systematic studied high-sulfur petroleum coke desulfurization ash and dreg as a new calcareous material, low-silicon tailings as siliceous material to product autoclaved aerated concrete. Finally, find out the formula and production process of the qualified autoclaved aerated concrete. and the means of X-ray diffraction micro-analysis of the products were discussed the formation mechanism and reaction products the process of intensity .
Experimental results show that when the natural sand with fine grinding and high-quality parts to replace the low-silicon tailings, fly ash, it can significantly improve the performance of autoclaved aerated concrete, products, dry density and intensity of grade levels to meet GB11968-2006 "steamed pressure aerated concrete block "standard requirements; high-sulfur petroleum coke desulfurization slag can be used for autoclaved aerated concrete products, production, and its performance is better than lime. The use of low-silicon high-sulfur petroleum coke desulfurization of tailings and slag produced aerated concrete, Lee spent a high rate, low cost and has a huge economic and environmental benefits.
引文
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9.George Tcholbanolglous, Hilary Theisen, Samuel Vigil. Integrated Solid Waste Mangement.清华大学出版社,2000,3.
10.Dephosphorization of manganese ore by high-intensity magnetic separation and roast-leaching. (见EI89llll8674).
11.张崇森,矿产资源综合利用与环境保护之关系的探讨[J],矿冶,2003,12(2):22-25.
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17.宣庆庆,朱建平,李东旭等.用铅锌尾矿制备中热水泥熟料的研究[J].硅酸盐通报.2007,26(5):929-934.
18.施正伦,骆仲泱,林细光等.尾矿作水泥矿化剂和铁质原料的试验研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版).2008,42(3):506-510.
19.谢俊,程金树,季守林.烧结法稀土尾矿微晶玻璃装饰板的研究[J].玻璃与搪瓷.2008,36(4)9-12.
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21.徐振伟,章银祥.铁尾矿砂在外墙保温砂浆中的应用[J].预拌砂浆.2008,7:50-53.
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24.牛福生,梁银英,吴根.从金尾矿中回收精制石英砂的试验研究[J].中国矿业.2008,17(1):74-77.
25.夏荣华,朱敏聪,朱申红等.利用金矿尾矿生产加气混凝土的试验研究[J].新型建筑材料.2008(1):22-25.
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27.王福元,吴正严.粉煤灰利用手册[M].中国电力出版社,北京.2004.
28.陶红森,武汉洪山乡葛化电厂高钙粉煤灰研制加气混凝土的研究[D],武汉理工大学.2004.
29.王舫.低硅尾矿加气混凝土蒸养条件下反应机理的研究[D].武汉理工大学.2003.
30.Flint E.P.. McMurdie H.F..WellsL.S.J.Res.NBS.21.5.671,1938.
31.侯玉芬.水热合成C-S-H凝胶所用硅质原料的特性研究[J].硅酸盐学报.2002,2:111-115,121-122.
32.徐晓玲,毛仲佳等.生产轻质硅酸钙板的一些基本条件[J].中国建材科技,1997,12:1-9
33.潘群雄.水热合成硅酸钙外加剂作用机理探讨[J].房材与应用.2001,29(6):28-30.
34.焦志强.托勃莫来石型硅酸钙[J].中国建材.1995,12:39-43.
35.倪文,邹一民,张春艳.硬硅钙石活性料浆反应机理研究[J].新型建筑材料.1998,1:31-33
36.重庆建筑工程学院,南京工学院编著[M].混凝土学.北京:建筑工业出版社.1981.
37.D.Menetrier, I.Jawed, T.S. Sun, J. Skalny. ESCA and SEM studies on early C3S hydration. Cement and concrete research, 1979,9:473-482.
38.D.S.Klimesch, A. Ray. Effects of quartz content on the nature of Alsubstituted 11 angstromtobermrite in hydro thermally treated CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O systems. Adv. Cem. Res. 1999,11(4):179-187.
39.D.S.Klimesch, A. Ray. Hydrogarnet formation during autoclaving at 180℃in unstirred metakaolin-lime-quartz slurries. Cement and Concrete Research, 1998,316(2):149-154.
40.李方贤.粘土-硅质石屑-石灰体系水热合成特性及应用研究[D].武汉理工大学.2006
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2.王学娟,刘全军,王奉刚.金矿尾矿资源化的现状和进展[J].矿冶.2007,16(2):64-67.
3.雷力,周兴龙,李家毓等.我国矿山尾矿资源综合利用现状与思考[J].矿业快报.2008(9):5-8.
4.王雪,刘亚改,于常亮.建设资源节约型社会与尾矿再利用[J].资源产业经济.2008(5):26-28.
5.王红,吴刚,张丽.尾矿资源化与矿山的可持续发展[J].IM&P化工矿物与加工.2009(3):30-31.
6.赵瑞敏.我国铁矿尾矿综合利用[J].金属矿山.2009(7):158-163.
7.刘玉强,郭敏.我国矿山尾矿固体废料及地质环境现状分析[J].中国矿业, 2004 (3):1-8.朱申红.矿产资源的回收利用与无废生产工艺的发展[J].金属矿山,1998(3):41-43.
9.George Tcholbanolglous, Hilary Theisen, Samuel Vigil. Integrated Solid Waste Mangement.清华大学出版社,2000,3.
10.Dephosphorization of manganese ore by high-intensity magnetic separation and roast-leaching. (见EI89llll8674).
11.张崇森,矿产资源综合利用与环境保护之关系的探讨[J],矿冶,2003,12(2):22-25.
12.蒋家超,招国栋,赵由才.矿山固体废弃物处理与资源化[M].冶金工业出版社.
13.朱敏聪,朱申红,夏荣华等.利用矿山尾矿制作蒸压砖的试验研究[J].新型建筑材料.2007(11):30-32.
14.牛福生,吴海军,吴根等.铁尾矿地转的制备及其机理分析[J].再生资源研究.2007(4):41-44.
15.高本立,王军,仲黎明.页岩尾矿自保温多孔砖生产工艺及其应用技术研究[J].新型墙材.2007(7):21-26.
16.朱华根,衣德强.铁矿尾矿烧结制砖试验研究[J].中国资源综合利用.2008(12):19-21.
17.宣庆庆,朱建平,李东旭等.用铅锌尾矿制备中热水泥熟料的研究[J].硅酸盐通报.2007,26(5):929-934.
18.施正伦,骆仲泱,林细光等.尾矿作水泥矿化剂和铁质原料的试验研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版).2008,42(3):506-510.
19.谢俊,程金树,季守林.烧结法稀土尾矿微晶玻璃装饰板的研究[J].玻璃与搪瓷.2008,36(4)9-12.
20.冯秀娟,余育新,朱易春等.金属尾矿制备生物陶粒的研究[J].中国资源综合利用.2008,26(2):9-11.
21.徐振伟,章银祥.铁尾矿砂在外墙保温砂浆中的应用[J].预拌砂浆.2008,7:50-53.
22.曹健、赵毅,蔡有兴.湖南省某金矿尾矿综合利用研究[J].矿产保护与利用,2004(6):43-44.
23.罗仙平、程吉林等.黄狮涝金矿尾矿整体资源化回收与利用研究.中国矿业[J].2006,15(1):30-34.
24.牛福生,梁银英,吴根.从金尾矿中回收精制石英砂的试验研究[J].中国矿业.2008,17(1):74-77.
25.夏荣华,朱敏聪,朱申红等.利用金矿尾矿生产加气混凝土的试验研究[J].新型建筑材料.2008(1):22-25.
26.崔琪,姚燕,李清海.新型墙体材料[M].化学工业出版社.北京.
27.王福元,吴正严.粉煤灰利用手册[M].中国电力出版社,北京.2004.
28.陶红森,武汉洪山乡葛化电厂高钙粉煤灰研制加气混凝土的研究[D],武汉理工大学.2004.
29.王舫.低硅尾矿加气混凝土蒸养条件下反应机理的研究[D].武汉理工大学.2003.
30.Flint E.P.. McMurdie H.F..WellsL.S.J.Res.NBS.21.5.671,1938.
31.侯玉芬.水热合成C-S-H凝胶所用硅质原料的特性研究[J].硅酸盐学报.2002,2:111-115,121-122.
32.徐晓玲,毛仲佳等.生产轻质硅酸钙板的一些基本条件[J].中国建材科技,1997,12:1-9
33.潘群雄.水热合成硅酸钙外加剂作用机理探讨[J].房材与应用.2001,29(6):28-30.
34.焦志强.托勃莫来石型硅酸钙[J].中国建材.1995,12:39-43.
35.倪文,邹一民,张春艳.硬硅钙石活性料浆反应机理研究[J].新型建筑材料.1998,1:31-33
36.重庆建筑工程学院,南京工学院编著[M].混凝土学.北京:建筑工业出版社.1981.
37.D.Menetrier, I.Jawed, T.S. Sun, J. Skalny. ESCA and SEM studies on early C3S hydration. Cement and concrete research, 1979,9:473-482.
38.D.S.Klimesch, A. Ray. Effects of quartz content on the nature of Alsubstituted 11 angstromtobermrite in hydro thermally treated CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O systems. Adv. Cem. Res. 1999,11(4):179-187.
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