催化裂化反再系统设备技术改造研究
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摘要
石油被称为工业的血液和全球经济的命脉，2050年前全球的首要能源仍然是石油。催化裂化是重质油轻质化的一个主要炼油工艺，是石油加工工业的标志和支柱。催化裂化装置是汽油、柴油和液化气的重要生产装置，同时也是炼油企业获取经济效益的主要来源。催化裂化对炼油工业的成长壮大和对全球经济的发展都具有重要的意义。由于反应再生系统是催化裂化装置的核心，因此，反再系统设备运行状况的好坏直接关系到催化裂化装置甚至石化公司的效益，尤其在我国加入WTO后，原料和产品日益国际化，安稳长满优运行已成为企业效益最大化的焦点。本文针对催化裂化反应再生系统设备及其技术改造的实际情况，从企业利润最大化、成本最小化的角度出发，主要研究反应再生系统的设备如反应器、再生器、预提升器、LPC—1型提升管喷嘴、粗旋快分系统、第一、二、三级旋风分离器的设计、施工、维护、运行中存在的问题、技术改造的实施过程和应用价值、国内外的先进设备技术及其发展趋势等问题。
Oil is the blood of the industry and the lifeline of the globe economy still it is the first essential energy of the world before 2050.Catalytic cracking is a main oil refining technique of making heavy oil lighter , and the mark and pillar of oil refining industry . Fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) is an important unit to produce petroleum, diesel oil and LPG , and the main product unit of oil refining factory to win economic beneficial result . Catalytic cracking is essential to the growth of oil refining industry and to the development of globe economy. Since the reaction and regeneration system is the core of FCCU, so the working condition of the equipment of the reaction and regeneration system directly affect FCCU , or even the beneficial result of our company. On the basis of the true state of catalytic cracking reaction and regeneration system and its technology innovation , to start from the angle of the maximum of the factory beneficial result , the minimum of the cost, this dissertation mainly
study the problems in designing , construction , maintenance , working , the proceed of the technology innovation , its use value and the advanced equipment technology of domestic and abroad and its development trend of equipments of reaction and regeneration system , including reactor , regenerator, pre-lifter, the tape of LPC-1 lift pipe spray nozzle , FSC, No.1,2,3 revolve splitting equipment etc.
Oil is the blood of the industry and the lifeline of the globe economy still it is the first essential energy of the world before 2050.Catalytic cracking is a main oil refining technique of making heavy oil lighter , and the mark and pillar of oil refining industry . Fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) is an important unit to produce petroleum, diesel oil and LPG , and the main product unit of oil refining factory to win economic beneficial result . Catalytic cracking is essential to the growth of oil refining industry and to the development of globe economy. Since the reaction and regeneration system is the core of FCCU, so the working condition of the equipment of the reaction and regeneration system directly affect FCCU , or even the beneficial result of our company. On the basis of the true state of catalytic cracking reaction and regeneration system and its technology innovation , to start from the angle of the maximum of the factory beneficial result , the minimum of the cost, this dissertation mainly
study the problems in designing , construction , maintenance , working , the proceed of the technology innovation , its use value and the advanced equipment technology of domestic and abroad and its development trend of equipments of reaction and regeneration system , including reactor , regenerator, pre-lifter, the tape of LPC-1 lift pipe spray nozzle , FSC, No.1,2,3 revolve splitting equipment etc.
引文
1．国际石油经济，中国石油学会石油经济专业委员会会刊，2003。2
2．陆庆云，流化催化裂化，烃加工出版社，1989．8
3．流化催化裂化装置操作规程，中国石油锦西石化分公司，1997．8
4．赵恒，马达．锦西炼油化工，中国石油锦西炼化总厂，2000．2
5．龚宏，张荣克。石油化工设备技术，中国石油化工设备管理协会，2002．1
6．炼油技术问答，中国石油锦西石化分公司，1999．9
7．催化裂化协作组第八界年会报告，催化裂化协作组，2001．12
8．炼油工人岗位培训教材，中国石油锦西炼化总厂培训处，1995．2
9．设备数据手册，中国石油锦西石化分公司，2001．6
10．压力容器断裂理论缺陷分析及工程应用，中国石化辽阳机电仪研修中心，1999．8
11．压力容器与安全管理技术，中国石化辽阳机电仪研修中心，2000．5
12．潘荣宝，石化设备的无损检测，合肥通用机械研究所，2000．3
13．潘荣宝，反应器的检验检测工作，合肥通用机械研究所，2000．3
14．Inspection of Piping, Tubing, Valyes, and Fittings American Petroleum Insttute, June1990
15．陈学东，石化企业典型压力容器安全分析与延寿技术，合肥通用机械研究所，1999
16．球罐的安全评定和使用管理，兰州石油机械研究所，2000．5
17．石油化工设备，兰州石油机械研究所，2001．2
18．陈江，在役压力管道的安全评定，浙江工业大学化工机械研究所，1999．10
19．炼油设备，中国石油化工总公司制定，中国石化出版社，1992．11
20. Linnhoff B, User guaid onprocess integration for energy, Inst. Chem. Engrs. UK, 1992
21. Holland, Adaption in natural and artificial systems, Ann Arbor:The Univ. of Michigan Press, 1995
22. Engelhard, "The Catalyst Report," No. TI-787
23. Tolen, D.F.,Ketjen Catalysts Symposium, Scheveningen, The Netherlands, May25-28,1986.
24. Andreasson, H.U. and Upson, L.L., Katalistiks' 6th Annual Fluid Cat Cracking Symposium, Munich, Grmany, May22～23,1985
25. Alebar,M.,Borley, M.,Claverin, B. and Otto, H.,ketjen Catalysts Symposium, Scheveningen, The Netherlands, May25～28,1986
26．机械工程师，黑龙江省机械科学研究院，2003。1
27．中国石油和化工，中国石油和化工协会，2002。3
28. Ray Fletcher, Oil & Gas Gournel, Aug(28), 1995
29．西安三桥机电厂，8×10~4催化装置三旋改造内件(出厂文件)
30．高永卫，三旋单管防反混技术研究，石油化工设备杂志社，兰州，2001
31．林世雄，石油炼制工程。北京：石油工业出版社，1998
32. Haddad, et al. FCC Catalyst stripping method, USP 4605491,1986
33. Cetinkaya, et al. FCC Stripping apparatus, USP 4927606,1990
34. Cetinkaya. FCC Stripping method, USP 5015363,1991
35. Kruse. Catalytic cracking unit with combined catalyst seperator and stripper, USP 5122576,1992
36. Ismail B, et al. Side mounted FCC stripper with two-zone stripping, USP 5474669,1995
37. Zinke. FCC Stripper with spoke arrangement for hi-directional catalyst stripping, USP 5549814,1996
38. homas. FCC Seperation method and apparatus with improved stripping, USP 5584985,1996
39. Senior. FCC Unit catalyst stripper, USP 5910240,1999
40. Senegas, et al. Process and apparatus for stripping fluidized solids and use threrof in a fluid cracking process, USP5716585
41. Rall. Apparatus for contacting of gases and solids in fluidized beds, USP 6224833
42. Koebel, et al. Stripping process with horizontal baffles, USP 2001/0027938 AL
43. Brian W H. stripping process with fully distributed openings on baffles, USP 2002/0008052 AL
44．张振千。催化裂化新型汽提器的开发与应用，炼油设计，2002，3l(11)
2．陆庆云，流化催化裂化，烃加工出版社，1989．8
3．流化催化裂化装置操作规程，中国石油锦西石化分公司，1997．8
4．赵恒，马达．锦西炼油化工，中国石油锦西炼化总厂，2000．2
5．龚宏，张荣克。石油化工设备技术，中国石油化工设备管理协会，2002．1
6．炼油技术问答，中国石油锦西石化分公司，1999．9
7．催化裂化协作组第八界年会报告，催化裂化协作组，2001．12
8．炼油工人岗位培训教材，中国石油锦西炼化总厂培训处，1995．2
9．设备数据手册，中国石油锦西石化分公司，2001．6
10．压力容器断裂理论缺陷分析及工程应用，中国石化辽阳机电仪研修中心，1999．8
11．压力容器与安全管理技术，中国石化辽阳机电仪研修中心，2000．5
12．潘荣宝，石化设备的无损检测，合肥通用机械研究所，2000．3
13．潘荣宝，反应器的检验检测工作，合肥通用机械研究所，2000．3
14．Inspection of Piping, Tubing, Valyes, and Fittings American Petroleum Insttute, June1990
15．陈学东，石化企业典型压力容器安全分析与延寿技术，合肥通用机械研究所，1999
16．球罐的安全评定和使用管理，兰州石油机械研究所，2000．5
17．石油化工设备，兰州石油机械研究所，2001．2
18．陈江，在役压力管道的安全评定，浙江工业大学化工机械研究所，1999．10
19．炼油设备，中国石油化工总公司制定，中国石化出版社，1992．11
20. Linnhoff B, User guaid onprocess integration for energy, Inst. Chem. Engrs. UK, 1992
21. Holland, Adaption in natural and artificial systems, Ann Arbor:The Univ. of Michigan Press, 1995
22. Engelhard, "The Catalyst Report," No. TI-787
23. Tolen, D.F.,Ketjen Catalysts Symposium, Scheveningen, The Netherlands, May25-28,1986.
24. Andreasson, H.U. and Upson, L.L., Katalistiks' 6th Annual Fluid Cat Cracking Symposium, Munich, Grmany, May22～23,1985
25. Alebar,M.,Borley, M.,Claverin, B. and Otto, H.,ketjen Catalysts Symposium, Scheveningen, The Netherlands, May25～28,1986
26．机械工程师，黑龙江省机械科学研究院，2003。1
27．中国石油和化工，中国石油和化工协会，2002。3
28. Ray Fletcher, Oil & Gas Gournel, Aug(28), 1995
29．西安三桥机电厂，8×10~4催化装置三旋改造内件(出厂文件)
30．高永卫，三旋单管防反混技术研究，石油化工设备杂志社，兰州，2001
31．林世雄，石油炼制工程。北京：石油工业出版社，1998
32. Haddad, et al. FCC Catalyst stripping method, USP 4605491,1986
33. Cetinkaya, et al. FCC Stripping apparatus, USP 4927606,1990
34. Cetinkaya. FCC Stripping method, USP 5015363,1991
35. Kruse. Catalytic cracking unit with combined catalyst seperator and stripper, USP 5122576,1992
36. Ismail B, et al. Side mounted FCC stripper with two-zone stripping, USP 5474669,1995
37. Zinke. FCC Stripper with spoke arrangement for hi-directional catalyst stripping, USP 5549814,1996
38. homas. FCC Seperation method and apparatus with improved stripping, USP 5584985,1996
39. Senior. FCC Unit catalyst stripper, USP 5910240,1999
40. Senegas, et al. Process and apparatus for stripping fluidized solids and use threrof in a fluid cracking process, USP5716585
41. Rall. Apparatus for contacting of gases and solids in fluidized beds, USP 6224833
42. Koebel, et al. Stripping process with horizontal baffles, USP 2001/0027938 AL
43. Brian W H. stripping process with fully distributed openings on baffles, USP 2002/0008052 AL
44．张振千。催化裂化新型汽提器的开发与应用，炼油设计，2002，3l(11)