框支短肢剪力墙结构受力分析
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摘要
框支短肢剪力墙结构体系是将短肢剪力墙结构与框支剪力墙结构相结合的产物。由于短肢剪力墙的特殊性，框支短肢剪力墙在结构形式，受力特点上也与传统框支剪力墙有明显不同，目前虽在工程界已有采用，但理论研究尚不完善，现行国家规范对此类结构也较少提及。
本课题主要研究框支短肢剪力墙结构转换层的受力和变形特点，讨论了该结构转换层设计中的三个主要问题：层剪切刚度比计算，框支梁、框支柱中内力传递方式，楼层剪力的分配及其对邻近层的影响。针对该结构与传统框支剪力墙在上述三方面的区别，从理论上分析了其形成原因及可能造成的问题。其中，着重讨论了短肢剪力墙在框支梁上支承方式的变化对框支梁、框支柱中内力分布的影响，指出这一结构形式与普通框支剪力墙已有根本区别。进而讨论了现有结构计算软件，尤其是薄壁杆件计算软件中对剪力墙“点支承”的处理方式，并分析了其优缺点。
为深入研究框支短肢剪力墙结构的受力特点，为工程设计提供参考，研究中借助土木专用有限元分析软件ETABS对一框支短肢剪力墙实际工程进行了空间有限元静力分析，地震加速度反应谱分析及地震时程分析。通过对计算结果的筛选处理，较为直观地反映了结构转换层的受力和变形情况，对理论分析阶段所提出的三个主要问题作了对比验证。根据工程需要，着重分析了6根较大跨度的框支梁在跨中作用较大集中荷载情况下的内力分布和变形情况，讨论了其在最不利情况下的安全性与稳定性。通过对有限元软件ETABS与工程设计软件TBSA计算结果的比较，讨论了采用薄壁杆件模拟此类结构的可行性以及应注意的问题，初步评价了框支短肢剪力墙“小高层”住宅建筑转换层的工作可靠性。
The frame-supported short-leg shear wall structure is a combination of short-leg shear wall and frame-supported shear wall. According to the specialty of short-leg shear wall, the frame-supported short-leg shear wall is quite different to normal frame-supported shear wall in structural forms and load-bearing characteristics. Although it has already been used, the theoretic research of this structure needs to be perfected, and the current Chinese design codes still have few descriptions about it.
This paper is concerned about the load-bearing and deformable characteristics of the transfer-layer in frame-supported short-leg shear wall structure. 3 main problems were discussed: the calculation of shear-resisting rigidity, the transmitting route of internal force, the shear distribution in transfer-layer and its influence to other layers. Among them the emphases is the distribution of internal force in frame-supported beams and columns, which influenced by short-leg shear walls reposing on them. At this point, the frame-supported shear wall is completely different to the common one. Furthermore, some kinds of calculating software were also discussed to compare their treating ways to "point-supported" shear wall, especially the software based on the thin-wall model, and their advantages and shortcomings were presented respectively.
To study this structure form more deeply, and give some reference to engineering, ETABS, a FEA software was used to conduct the finite element analysis of a frame-supported short-leg shear wall structure, including static analysis, response spectrum analysis and time history analysis. By filtrating and summarizing of the results, the data of internal force and deformation was got exactly, and the 3 theoretic problems said above were verified. According to the demand of engineering, 6 long-span frame-supported beams bearing large concentrative loads were picked out, and their internal force and deformation were checked detailedly to ensure their safety and stability under the worst conditions. Through comparing the results between ETABS and TBSA, a designing software, the feasibility of the thin-wall model used in this structure form was discussed, and some problems were mentioned. For "small high-rise" residential buildings, as a conclusion, the credibility of the transfer-layer used in frame-supported short
-leg shear wall structure was evaluated.
本课题主要研究框支短肢剪力墙结构转换层的受力和变形特点，讨论了该结构转换层设计中的三个主要问题：层剪切刚度比计算，框支梁、框支柱中内力传递方式，楼层剪力的分配及其对邻近层的影响。针对该结构与传统框支剪力墙在上述三方面的区别，从理论上分析了其形成原因及可能造成的问题。其中，着重讨论了短肢剪力墙在框支梁上支承方式的变化对框支梁、框支柱中内力分布的影响，指出这一结构形式与普通框支剪力墙已有根本区别。进而讨论了现有结构计算软件，尤其是薄壁杆件计算软件中对剪力墙“点支承”的处理方式，并分析了其优缺点。
为深入研究框支短肢剪力墙结构的受力特点，为工程设计提供参考，研究中借助土木专用有限元分析软件ETABS对一框支短肢剪力墙实际工程进行了空间有限元静力分析，地震加速度反应谱分析及地震时程分析。通过对计算结果的筛选处理，较为直观地反映了结构转换层的受力和变形情况，对理论分析阶段所提出的三个主要问题作了对比验证。根据工程需要，着重分析了6根较大跨度的框支梁在跨中作用较大集中荷载情况下的内力分布和变形情况，讨论了其在最不利情况下的安全性与稳定性。通过对有限元软件ETABS与工程设计软件TBSA计算结果的比较，讨论了采用薄壁杆件模拟此类结构的可行性以及应注意的问题，初步评价了框支短肢剪力墙“小高层”住宅建筑转换层的工作可靠性。
The frame-supported short-leg shear wall structure is a combination of short-leg shear wall and frame-supported shear wall. According to the specialty of short-leg shear wall, the frame-supported short-leg shear wall is quite different to normal frame-supported shear wall in structural forms and load-bearing characteristics. Although it has already been used, the theoretic research of this structure needs to be perfected, and the current Chinese design codes still have few descriptions about it.
This paper is concerned about the load-bearing and deformable characteristics of the transfer-layer in frame-supported short-leg shear wall structure. 3 main problems were discussed: the calculation of shear-resisting rigidity, the transmitting route of internal force, the shear distribution in transfer-layer and its influence to other layers. Among them the emphases is the distribution of internal force in frame-supported beams and columns, which influenced by short-leg shear walls reposing on them. At this point, the frame-supported shear wall is completely different to the common one. Furthermore, some kinds of calculating software were also discussed to compare their treating ways to "point-supported" shear wall, especially the software based on the thin-wall model, and their advantages and shortcomings were presented respectively.
To study this structure form more deeply, and give some reference to engineering, ETABS, a FEA software was used to conduct the finite element analysis of a frame-supported short-leg shear wall structure, including static analysis, response spectrum analysis and time history analysis. By filtrating and summarizing of the results, the data of internal force and deformation was got exactly, and the 3 theoretic problems said above were verified. According to the demand of engineering, 6 long-span frame-supported beams bearing large concentrative loads were picked out, and their internal force and deformation were checked detailedly to ensure their safety and stability under the worst conditions. Through comparing the results between ETABS and TBSA, a designing software, the feasibility of the thin-wall model used in this structure form was discussed, and some problems were mentioned. For "small high-rise" residential buildings, as a conclusion, the credibility of the transfer-layer used in frame-supported short
-leg shear wall structure was evaluated.
引文
[1] 赵西安．现代高层建筑结构设计(上、下)．科学出版社．2000．
[2] 方鄂华．多层及高层建筑结构设计．地震出版社．1992．
[3] 中华人民共和国建设部．建筑抗震设计规范．中国建筑工业出版社．2001：6～12
[4] 中国建筑科学研究院．钢筋混凝土高层建筑结构设计与施工规程．1991：40～57
[5] 中华人民共和国建设部．构筑物抗震设计规范．1993．
[6] 中国建筑科学研究院高层建筑技术开发部．多层及高层建筑结构空间分析程序 TBSA(5.0版)用户手册．1996．
[7] 中国建筑科学研究院高层建筑技术开发部．TBDAT Windows版用户手册．2001．
[8] 龚燕．双向偏心异形柱受力性能研究．西南交通大学硕士学位论文．2000：49～52
[9] 容柏生．高层住宅建筑中的短肢剪力墙结构体系．建筑结构学报．1997，18(6)．
[10] 程文穰，金向前，吴志彬．短肢剪力墙的设计与研究．建筑结构．2001，31(7)．51～52
[11] 丁永君，纪刚．短肢剪力墙结构层间极限变形能力的研究．天津大学学报．2000，33(3)．
[12] 王燕飞．短肢剪力墙结构设计探讨．四川建筑．2000，20(4)．
[13] 倪薇．短肢剪力墙结构在“小高层”中的应用．住宅科技．2000，(4)．
[14] 程绍革，陈善阳，刘经伟．高层建筑短肢剪力墙结构振动台实验研究．建筑科学．2000，16(1)．12～15
[15] 邢红勇．高层建筑梁式转换层中连续短梁的设计建议．江苏建筑．2001，(1)．
[16] 廖河山．高层住宅短肢墙结构体系抗震概念设计初探．福建建筑．2000，70．88～89
[17] 周丽．高层住宅建筑中短肢剪力墙的运用．煤矿设计．2000，(7)．34～36
[18] 曾波，杜咏．南京市某高层商住楼框支剪力墙结构设计．建筑科学．2000，16(5)．30～35
[19] 张晋，吕志涛，冯健．异形柱框轻和短肢剪力墙结构体系．建筑结构．2001，31(7)．
[20] 孙飞飞，李国强，沈祖炎，崔鸿超．中日建筑结构技术发展的最新动态．建筑结构学报．1996，17(2)．71～72
[21] 张宇纶，吴时适．深圳世界贸易中心大厦的有限元分析．建筑科学．2001，17(1)．
[22] 刘云飞，刘国清，蒋沧如．异形柱框架结构设计中的问题探讨．建筑技术开发．2001，28(1)．
[23] 李云贵，邵弘，范美玲，陈岱林．薄壁杆件理论在高层结构分析中的应用．建筑结构．1999，(2)．
[24] 吴秀水．考虑剪切变形的薄壁杆件分析．工程力学．1993，(1)．
[25] 李云贵．高层结构空间有限元分析新模型．土木工程学报．1996，(3)．
[26] 袁明武．SAP84微机结构分析通用程序．北京大学出版社．1992．
[27] 中国建筑科学研究院CAD工程部．高层结构空间有限元分析新模型—SATWE.土木工程学报．1996，29(3)．
[28] 张兴宇，石军．冠城花园结构设计．四川建筑科学研究．2001，27(1)．
[29] 张坚，王振雄．考虑砌体填充墙刚度的短肢剪力墙结构分析方法．结构工程师．2000，(4)．
[30] 卫园，冯建平．周期反复荷载下L形截面柱的实验研究．华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)．1995，23(3)．
[31] 李从林，赵建昌．变刚度框—剪结构协同分析的连续—离散化方法．建筑结构．1993，(3)．
[32] 罗永坤．异形柱对高层结构受力特性影响浅析．建筑结构．1996，(2)．
[33] 李豪邦．高层建筑中结构转换的新形式—斜柱传换．建筑结构学报．1997，18(2)．
[34] E.L.Wilson. Three Dimension Static & Dynamic Analysis of Structure. Berkeley, California, USA. 1996.
[35] CSI. ETABS User Interface Reference Manual. Berkeley, California, USA.
2002．
[36] CSI. ETABS Concrete Frame Design Manual. Berkeley, California, USA. 2002．
[37] CSI, Inc. ETABS Concrete Shear Wall Design Manual. Berkeley, California, USA. 2002．
[38] Hsu.T.C. T-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Members under Biaxial Bending and Axial Compressin. ACI Structural. 1992, (2) .
[39] Mallikarjunal, Mahadevappa P. Computer Aided Analysis of Reinfored Concrete Conlumns Subjected to Axial Compression and Bending-I L-Shaped Section. Computer & Structures, 1992, 44(5) .
[40] Vlaso V Z. Thin-Walled Elastic Beams. Program for Scientific Translation. Jerusalem, Israel, 1961．
[41] Ashraf Habibullah. A Series of Computer Programs for the Finite Element Analysis of Structures. California, 94704, USA, 1991．
[42] Ashraf Habibullah. Three Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems. California, 94704, USA, 1992．
[43] Meek J L. Geometrically Nonlinear Analysis of Space Frame by an Incremential Interative Technique. Com Meth. in Ap. Mech. and Eng. 1984．
[44] Virdi K S. Biaxially Loaded Slender Reinforced Concrete Columns. IABSE. 1981, (2) .
[45] Xiaodong Tang. Second-Order Tapered Beam-Column Elements. Computers & Structures. 1993, 46(5) .
[46] Heidebrecht A.C., Smith B. Approximate Analysis of Tall Wall-Frame Structures, J. Struct. Div. ASCE. 1973, (2) .
[47] Coull.A. Analysis of Laterally Loaded Wall-Frame Structures. ASCE. 1984, 110(6) .
[48] Mcleod LA. Shear Wall-Frame Interaction. Portiand Cement Association. 1971, (3) .
[49] Khan F.R.. Interaction of Shear Walls and Frames. ASCE. 1964, 90．
[50] Cheng-Tsu, Thomas Hsu. T-shaped Reinforced Concrete Members Under Biaxial Bending and Axial Compression. ACI Structural. 1989, (4) .
[2] 方鄂华．多层及高层建筑结构设计．地震出版社．1992．
[3] 中华人民共和国建设部．建筑抗震设计规范．中国建筑工业出版社．2001：6～12
[4] 中国建筑科学研究院．钢筋混凝土高层建筑结构设计与施工规程．1991：40～57
[5] 中华人民共和国建设部．构筑物抗震设计规范．1993．
[6] 中国建筑科学研究院高层建筑技术开发部．多层及高层建筑结构空间分析程序 TBSA(5.0版)用户手册．1996．
[7] 中国建筑科学研究院高层建筑技术开发部．TBDAT Windows版用户手册．2001．
[8] 龚燕．双向偏心异形柱受力性能研究．西南交通大学硕士学位论文．2000：49～52
[9] 容柏生．高层住宅建筑中的短肢剪力墙结构体系．建筑结构学报．1997，18(6)．
[10] 程文穰，金向前，吴志彬．短肢剪力墙的设计与研究．建筑结构．2001，31(7)．51～52
[11] 丁永君，纪刚．短肢剪力墙结构层间极限变形能力的研究．天津大学学报．2000，33(3)．
[12] 王燕飞．短肢剪力墙结构设计探讨．四川建筑．2000，20(4)．
[13] 倪薇．短肢剪力墙结构在“小高层”中的应用．住宅科技．2000，(4)．
[14] 程绍革，陈善阳，刘经伟．高层建筑短肢剪力墙结构振动台实验研究．建筑科学．2000，16(1)．12～15
[15] 邢红勇．高层建筑梁式转换层中连续短梁的设计建议．江苏建筑．2001，(1)．
[16] 廖河山．高层住宅短肢墙结构体系抗震概念设计初探．福建建筑．2000，70．88～89
[17] 周丽．高层住宅建筑中短肢剪力墙的运用．煤矿设计．2000，(7)．34～36
[18] 曾波，杜咏．南京市某高层商住楼框支剪力墙结构设计．建筑科学．2000，16(5)．30～35
[19] 张晋，吕志涛，冯健．异形柱框轻和短肢剪力墙结构体系．建筑结构．2001，31(7)．
[20] 孙飞飞，李国强，沈祖炎，崔鸿超．中日建筑结构技术发展的最新动态．建筑结构学报．1996，17(2)．71～72
[21] 张宇纶，吴时适．深圳世界贸易中心大厦的有限元分析．建筑科学．2001，17(1)．
[22] 刘云飞，刘国清，蒋沧如．异形柱框架结构设计中的问题探讨．建筑技术开发．2001，28(1)．
[23] 李云贵，邵弘，范美玲，陈岱林．薄壁杆件理论在高层结构分析中的应用．建筑结构．1999，(2)．
[24] 吴秀水．考虑剪切变形的薄壁杆件分析．工程力学．1993，(1)．
[25] 李云贵．高层结构空间有限元分析新模型．土木工程学报．1996，(3)．
[26] 袁明武．SAP84微机结构分析通用程序．北京大学出版社．1992．
[27] 中国建筑科学研究院CAD工程部．高层结构空间有限元分析新模型—SATWE.土木工程学报．1996，29(3)．
[28] 张兴宇，石军．冠城花园结构设计．四川建筑科学研究．2001，27(1)．
[29] 张坚，王振雄．考虑砌体填充墙刚度的短肢剪力墙结构分析方法．结构工程师．2000，(4)．
[30] 卫园，冯建平．周期反复荷载下L形截面柱的实验研究．华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)．1995，23(3)．
[31] 李从林，赵建昌．变刚度框—剪结构协同分析的连续—离散化方法．建筑结构．1993，(3)．
[32] 罗永坤．异形柱对高层结构受力特性影响浅析．建筑结构．1996，(2)．
[33] 李豪邦．高层建筑中结构转换的新形式—斜柱传换．建筑结构学报．1997，18(2)．
[34] E.L.Wilson. Three Dimension Static & Dynamic Analysis of Structure. Berkeley, California, USA. 1996.
[35] CSI. ETABS User Interface Reference Manual. Berkeley, California, USA.
2002．
[36] CSI. ETABS Concrete Frame Design Manual. Berkeley, California, USA. 2002．
[37] CSI, Inc. ETABS Concrete Shear Wall Design Manual. Berkeley, California, USA. 2002．
[38] Hsu.T.C. T-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Members under Biaxial Bending and Axial Compressin. ACI Structural. 1992, (2) .
[39] Mallikarjunal, Mahadevappa P. Computer Aided Analysis of Reinfored Concrete Conlumns Subjected to Axial Compression and Bending-I L-Shaped Section. Computer & Structures, 1992, 44(5) .
[40] Vlaso V Z. Thin-Walled Elastic Beams. Program for Scientific Translation. Jerusalem, Israel, 1961．
[41] Ashraf Habibullah. A Series of Computer Programs for the Finite Element Analysis of Structures. California, 94704, USA, 1991．
[42] Ashraf Habibullah. Three Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems. California, 94704, USA, 1992．
[43] Meek J L. Geometrically Nonlinear Analysis of Space Frame by an Incremential Interative Technique. Com Meth. in Ap. Mech. and Eng. 1984．
[44] Virdi K S. Biaxially Loaded Slender Reinforced Concrete Columns. IABSE. 1981, (2) .
[45] Xiaodong Tang. Second-Order Tapered Beam-Column Elements. Computers & Structures. 1993, 46(5) .
[46] Heidebrecht A.C., Smith B. Approximate Analysis of Tall Wall-Frame Structures, J. Struct. Div. ASCE. 1973, (2) .
[47] Coull.A. Analysis of Laterally Loaded Wall-Frame Structures. ASCE. 1984, 110(6) .
[48] Mcleod LA. Shear Wall-Frame Interaction. Portiand Cement Association. 1971, (3) .
[49] Khan F.R.. Interaction of Shear Walls and Frames. ASCE. 1964, 90．
[50] Cheng-Tsu, Thomas Hsu. T-shaped Reinforced Concrete Members Under Biaxial Bending and Axial Compression. ACI Structural. 1989, (4) .