小间距盾构重叠隧道安全施工控制技术研究
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摘要
由于受城市交通走廊的制约,城市地下铁道区间隧道往往不得不采用重叠隧道穿越,而盾构施工越来越多,因此小间距盾构重叠隧道屡见不鲜。考虑到盾构重叠隧道的设计和施工的难度和影响范围与单一盾构隧道的区别,同时盾构法也与矿山法施工截然不同。本文在总结前文基础上,综合考虑开挖面支护压力、盾构千斤顶推力和刀盘扭矩、盾壳与土体的摩擦力、盾构超挖、盾尾空隙、盾尾注浆、注浆体的硬化等因素,并对盾构机施工过程力和扭矩详尽分析,合理模拟盾构施工。本文并结合深圳地铁三号线红老、老晒区间盾构隧道,从以下几个方面进行了研究：
(1)通过国内外小间距地铁隧道施工调研优劣比较,并结合数值模拟,提出盾构法施工深圳地铁三号线重叠隧道。
(2)对盾构施工过程各种力及力矩深入剖析,并从四个阶段模拟盾构施工过程,建立了能全面反映盾构隧道掘进全过程的三维模拟方法。通过对先上后下和先下后上两种施工顺序中地层位移、应力、管片内力等各方面比较,确定了先下后上的施工顺序。
(3)结合深圳地铁3号线红岭中路站～老街站～晒布站区间房屋与隧道位置关系,分析房屋荷载情况下施工顺序优劣及对房屋破坏的影响,找出需加固的房屋,并进行房屋保护措施进行力学计算分析。
(4)以深圳地铁为背景,分析三种主要工况(水平平行、竖直重叠、斜交45度)两隧道不同位置关系时的横向影响程度,并以此分区,同时纵向上考虑影响距离,得出盾构重叠隧道横纵向近接影响分区图表。
(5)提出施工期间先施工隧道的保护措施,并对比计算“十字撑”和“液压台车“加固方案,选出合适的加固措施。
(6)结合工程列车参数,进行运营时的列车动荷载计算。
(7)通过计算提出适合本工程的监控量测项目及测量标准。
Due to the constraints of urban traffic corridor, the City subway tunnel through the tunnel are often forced to use overlapping,and more of the construction method are shied, therefore, small space overlap shield tunnels are frequent.Considering the difference of design and construction difficulty and sphere of influence between ovlerlap and single tunnel, and shield construction method is also different from mine construction. Based on the foregoing summary,taking into account of the the excavation face support pressure, shield force and the cutter torque,coniothyrium friction with the soil,digging shield over,tail gap tail shield grouting, hardening of the grout and so on,a detailed analysis of force and torque durning shield construction,establish a reasonable simulation of shield tunneling. This article combined with the Shenzhen Metro Line HongLao-LaoShai interval, the following aspects were studied:
(1)Compare domestic and foreign small space subway tunnel construction method, combined with numerical simulation, proposed the construction of shield tunnel in Shenzhen Metro Line overlap tunnel。
(2)Analyze in-depth various of force and torque in shield construction, from the four-stage construction process simulation, establish a fully reflect the whole process of Shield Tunneling Method of three-dimensional simulation.Through comparison of Ground movement, stress, internal forces and other aspects both in up-hole-first and down-hole-first, determine the down-hole-first construction sequence.
(3)Combine the construction sequence relationship between houses and tunnel in ShenZhen Metro HongLao-LaoShai interval,analyze the house loads impact on construction sequence and damage to houses.
(4)Background to the Shenzhen Metro, analyze the the tunnel horizontal impact in three main conditions (horizontal parallel, vertical overlap, oblique 45 degrees),then partition base on this. Also consider the impact of vertical distance, and draw horizontal and vertical adjacent affecting chart of shield overlap tunnel.
(5)Propose construction of protective measures and compare and calculate the strengthening program of "cross support" and the "hydraulic platform vehicle", select the appropriate reinforcement.
(6)Combine parameters of engineering train to calculate with dynamic load train.
(7)Propose a project monitoring and measurement standards for this project after calculation.
(1)通过国内外小间距地铁隧道施工调研优劣比较,并结合数值模拟,提出盾构法施工深圳地铁三号线重叠隧道。
(2)对盾构施工过程各种力及力矩深入剖析,并从四个阶段模拟盾构施工过程,建立了能全面反映盾构隧道掘进全过程的三维模拟方法。通过对先上后下和先下后上两种施工顺序中地层位移、应力、管片内力等各方面比较,确定了先下后上的施工顺序。
(3)结合深圳地铁3号线红岭中路站～老街站～晒布站区间房屋与隧道位置关系,分析房屋荷载情况下施工顺序优劣及对房屋破坏的影响,找出需加固的房屋,并进行房屋保护措施进行力学计算分析。
(4)以深圳地铁为背景,分析三种主要工况(水平平行、竖直重叠、斜交45度)两隧道不同位置关系时的横向影响程度,并以此分区,同时纵向上考虑影响距离,得出盾构重叠隧道横纵向近接影响分区图表。
(5)提出施工期间先施工隧道的保护措施,并对比计算“十字撑”和“液压台车“加固方案,选出合适的加固措施。
(6)结合工程列车参数,进行运营时的列车动荷载计算。
(7)通过计算提出适合本工程的监控量测项目及测量标准。
Due to the constraints of urban traffic corridor, the City subway tunnel through the tunnel are often forced to use overlapping,and more of the construction method are shied, therefore, small space overlap shield tunnels are frequent.Considering the difference of design and construction difficulty and sphere of influence between ovlerlap and single tunnel, and shield construction method is also different from mine construction. Based on the foregoing summary,taking into account of the the excavation face support pressure, shield force and the cutter torque,coniothyrium friction with the soil,digging shield over,tail gap tail shield grouting, hardening of the grout and so on,a detailed analysis of force and torque durning shield construction,establish a reasonable simulation of shield tunneling. This article combined with the Shenzhen Metro Line HongLao-LaoShai interval, the following aspects were studied:
(1)Compare domestic and foreign small space subway tunnel construction method, combined with numerical simulation, proposed the construction of shield tunnel in Shenzhen Metro Line overlap tunnel。
(2)Analyze in-depth various of force and torque in shield construction, from the four-stage construction process simulation, establish a fully reflect the whole process of Shield Tunneling Method of three-dimensional simulation.Through comparison of Ground movement, stress, internal forces and other aspects both in up-hole-first and down-hole-first, determine the down-hole-first construction sequence.
(3)Combine the construction sequence relationship between houses and tunnel in ShenZhen Metro HongLao-LaoShai interval,analyze the house loads impact on construction sequence and damage to houses.
(4)Background to the Shenzhen Metro, analyze the the tunnel horizontal impact in three main conditions (horizontal parallel, vertical overlap, oblique 45 degrees),then partition base on this. Also consider the impact of vertical distance, and draw horizontal and vertical adjacent affecting chart of shield overlap tunnel.
(5)Propose construction of protective measures and compare and calculate the strengthening program of "cross support" and the "hydraulic platform vehicle", select the appropriate reinforcement.
(6)Combine parameters of engineering train to calculate with dynamic load train.
(7)Propose a project monitoring and measurement standards for this project after calculation.
引文
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[6]姜忻良,赵志民,隧道开挖引起土层沉降槽曲线形态的分析与计算.岩土力学,2004,25(10)：1542-1544
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[14]刘洪洲,孙钧.软土隧道盾构推进中地面沉降影响因素的数值法研究[J].现代隧道技,2001,38(6)：24-28
[15]孙钧,刘红洲.上海地铁交叠盾构隧道施工变形问题[J].同济大学学报,2002,30(4)：379-385.
[16]李强,曾得顺.盾构千斤顶推力变化对地面变形的影响[J].地下空间,2002,22(1)：12-15.
[17]于宁,朱合华.盾构施工仿真及其相邻影响的数值分析,岩土力学.2004,25(2).293-296
[18]周小文,濮家骝.砂土中隧洞开挖引起的地面沉降试验研究.岩土力学,2002,23(5)：559-563
[19]吴波.复杂条件下城市地铁隧道施工地表沉降研究：[博士学位论文].成都：西南交通大学,2003.8
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[21]赵东平,王明年.小净距交叉隧道爆破振动响应研究[J],岩土工程学报.2007,29(1)：116-119.
[22]Lin D G, Tseng C T, Phienwej N, et al.3D deformation analysis of earth pressure balance shield tunnelling in Bangkok subsoil[J].Journalof the Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society,2002, (1):
13-27.
[23]张海波,殷宗泽,朱俊高.地铁隧道盾构法施工过程中地层变位的三维有限元模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(5)：755-760.
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