基于CPW电流的全并联AT供电方式故障测距方案研究
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摘要
随着高速铁路的大规模建设及投入运营,作为高速铁路动力来源,牵引供电系统安全可靠性面临严峻挑战。高速铁路牵引供电系统采用全并联AT供电方式,该供电方式将上下行线路在AT所处并联,使线路结构更加复杂。这就对牵引供电系统故障测距装置及其自动化功能提出了更高的要求,要求选择性更好、可靠性更高、动作速度更快、故障识别、判断、恢复时间更快。因此对采用全并联AT供电方式的高速铁路牵引供电网的故障测距的分析与研究,找出适用于高速铁路故障测距的快速,准确的方案,对高速铁路的安全可靠运行有着重要的意义。
本文首先针对高速铁路全并联AT供电方式的特点,对全并联AT牵引网的一种特殊情况下的短路故障T-F短路故障情况进行了回路电流分析,在此基础上对传统的三种测距方案：“AT中性点吸上电流比”、“区段上下行电流比”、“横联线电流比”的优劣性进行了对比分析,推导了T-R、T-F、F-R短路故障情况下的系统测量阻抗,在T-F短路故障情况下“AT中性点吸上电流比”将不再适用。在此基础上,通过分析T-F短路故障情况下系统测量阻抗与故障距离呈分段线性关系的结论,推导出了阻抗法故障测距公式,作为T-F短路故障测距方案的一种补充。
其次针对高速铁路钢轨与保护线要进行完全横向连接的实际情况,提出了基于CPW电流的故障测距方案,通过对含有保护线的全并联AT供电系统在T-R,以及T-PW故障情况下的电流分析,结合“AT中性点吸上电流比”故障测距公式,研究了CPW电流的故障测距方案,可以快速的将故障位置确定在1.5km范围内,然后利用故障测距公式进行更加精确的故障定位。
最后建立了全并联AT供电系统故障测距的仿真模型,对阻抗法以及CPW电流的故障测距方案以及实际情况中的短路过渡阻抗,AT漏阻抗以及钢轨对地泄露电导对CPW电流测距精度的影响进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明阻抗法测距在“AT中性点吸上电流比”测距法失效的情况下能较准确的对T-F短路故障进行测距,测距精度随着故障位置距离牵引变电所的位置越远误差越大；而CPW故障测距方案能满足实际测距需要,测距误差随着故障点距离变电所的位置越远而变得越来越小。而实际应用中,短路点过渡阻抗以及钢轨对地泄露电导对测距精度没有影响,而AT漏阻抗对测距精度有一定的影响。
With the large-scale construction and being put into operation of high-speed railway, as a power source the reliability of high-speed railway traction power supply system faces severe challenges.The high speed railway traction power supply system adopts all parallel AT power supply mode,this way of power supply has lines in parallel in the AT the place,and will make the line structure more complex. The higher request of the fault location device of traction power supply system and its automation function is put forward, which requires that better selectivity and the higher reliability, faster action speed,and the faster fault recognition, judgment,recovery time.So the analysis and research of high-speed railway traction supply network fault location of all parallel AT power supply mode to find a quick and accurate fault location scheme that suitable for high speed railway fault location,has important significance for the safe and reliable operation of the high-speed railway.
In this paper,firstly,according to the characteristics of high-speed railway all parallel AT power supply mode,the fault loop current of T-F short-circuit fault condition whicht is a special case of all parallel AT traction net has been analyzed,on the base of that,the superiority and inferiority of the three traditional ranging scheme:"AT neutral current ratio fault location method"," up/down line current ratio fault location method","paralleling lines current ratio fault location method"are taken some comparative analysis.The system impedance measurement of T-F,F-R,T-R short-circuit fault cases were deduced,under the condition of T-F fault the"AT neutral current ratio fault location method" will no longer applied. Then through the analysis of the conclusion that under the T-F fault condition,the relationship between the measuring impedance of the system and fault distance is piecewise linear,and the formula of impedance fault location method was deduced as a kind of supplement for T-F short circuit fault location scheme.
Secondly,according to the actual situation that rail and protection line of high-speed railway is completely horizontal connection,the CPW current fault location scheme is presented,by the analysis of T-R, and T-PW current of fault case of all parallel AT power supply system which containing the protection line,combine with the "AT neutral current ratio fault location method" formula,the CPW current fault location scheme is studied,the fault location can fast be determined within the scope of1.5km.then more accurate fault location and fault distance measuring formula will be used.
Finally,the simulation model of all parallel AT power supply system fault location will be established,the impedance fault location method, the fault location scheme for CPW current and the influence of short circuit transfer impedance, the AT leakage impedance, rail to earth leakage conductance on the CPW current ranging accuracy in the actual situation was researched through simulation,The simulation results show that the impedance fault location method can be accurate for T-F fault distance measurement under the condition that"AT neutral current ratio fault location method"fails,the precision of the range will change along with the change of the distance between the location of the traction substation and the fault location, the farther the distance between the location of the traction substation and the fault location, the distance-measuring error is greater, the CPW fault location scheme can meet the needs of the actual fault location, the farther the distance between the location of the traction substation and the fault location, the distance-measuring error is small.
本文首先针对高速铁路全并联AT供电方式的特点,对全并联AT牵引网的一种特殊情况下的短路故障T-F短路故障情况进行了回路电流分析,在此基础上对传统的三种测距方案：“AT中性点吸上电流比”、“区段上下行电流比”、“横联线电流比”的优劣性进行了对比分析,推导了T-R、T-F、F-R短路故障情况下的系统测量阻抗,在T-F短路故障情况下“AT中性点吸上电流比”将不再适用。在此基础上,通过分析T-F短路故障情况下系统测量阻抗与故障距离呈分段线性关系的结论,推导出了阻抗法故障测距公式,作为T-F短路故障测距方案的一种补充。
其次针对高速铁路钢轨与保护线要进行完全横向连接的实际情况,提出了基于CPW电流的故障测距方案,通过对含有保护线的全并联AT供电系统在T-R,以及T-PW故障情况下的电流分析,结合“AT中性点吸上电流比”故障测距公式,研究了CPW电流的故障测距方案,可以快速的将故障位置确定在1.5km范围内,然后利用故障测距公式进行更加精确的故障定位。
最后建立了全并联AT供电系统故障测距的仿真模型,对阻抗法以及CPW电流的故障测距方案以及实际情况中的短路过渡阻抗,AT漏阻抗以及钢轨对地泄露电导对CPW电流测距精度的影响进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明阻抗法测距在“AT中性点吸上电流比”测距法失效的情况下能较准确的对T-F短路故障进行测距,测距精度随着故障位置距离牵引变电所的位置越远误差越大；而CPW故障测距方案能满足实际测距需要,测距误差随着故障点距离变电所的位置越远而变得越来越小。而实际应用中,短路点过渡阻抗以及钢轨对地泄露电导对测距精度没有影响,而AT漏阻抗对测距精度有一定的影响。
With the large-scale construction and being put into operation of high-speed railway, as a power source the reliability of high-speed railway traction power supply system faces severe challenges.The high speed railway traction power supply system adopts all parallel AT power supply mode,this way of power supply has lines in parallel in the AT the place,and will make the line structure more complex. The higher request of the fault location device of traction power supply system and its automation function is put forward, which requires that better selectivity and the higher reliability, faster action speed,and the faster fault recognition, judgment,recovery time.So the analysis and research of high-speed railway traction supply network fault location of all parallel AT power supply mode to find a quick and accurate fault location scheme that suitable for high speed railway fault location,has important significance for the safe and reliable operation of the high-speed railway.
In this paper,firstly,according to the characteristics of high-speed railway all parallel AT power supply mode,the fault loop current of T-F short-circuit fault condition whicht is a special case of all parallel AT traction net has been analyzed,on the base of that,the superiority and inferiority of the three traditional ranging scheme:"AT neutral current ratio fault location method"," up/down line current ratio fault location method","paralleling lines current ratio fault location method"are taken some comparative analysis.The system impedance measurement of T-F,F-R,T-R short-circuit fault cases were deduced,under the condition of T-F fault the"AT neutral current ratio fault location method" will no longer applied. Then through the analysis of the conclusion that under the T-F fault condition,the relationship between the measuring impedance of the system and fault distance is piecewise linear,and the formula of impedance fault location method was deduced as a kind of supplement for T-F short circuit fault location scheme.
Secondly,according to the actual situation that rail and protection line of high-speed railway is completely horizontal connection,the CPW current fault location scheme is presented,by the analysis of T-R, and T-PW current of fault case of all parallel AT power supply system which containing the protection line,combine with the "AT neutral current ratio fault location method" formula,the CPW current fault location scheme is studied,the fault location can fast be determined within the scope of1.5km.then more accurate fault location and fault distance measuring formula will be used.
Finally,the simulation model of all parallel AT power supply system fault location will be established,the impedance fault location method, the fault location scheme for CPW current and the influence of short circuit transfer impedance, the AT leakage impedance, rail to earth leakage conductance on the CPW current ranging accuracy in the actual situation was researched through simulation,The simulation results show that the impedance fault location method can be accurate for T-F fault distance measurement under the condition that"AT neutral current ratio fault location method"fails,the precision of the range will change along with the change of the distance between the location of the traction substation and the fault location, the farther the distance between the location of the traction substation and the fault location, the distance-measuring error is greater, the CPW fault location scheme can meet the needs of the actual fault location, the farther the distance between the location of the traction substation and the fault location, the distance-measuring error is small.
引文
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