盐岩力学特性及其在储气库建设中的应用研究
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摘要
由于盐岩具有良好的密封性、低渗透性和损伤自愈合性,使得深部地下盐矿成为世界各国地下储存的一种主要介质。由于盐矿地下开采后形成的地下空间,能够保持较长时间的稳定,这些地下空间能够为不溶于盐的物质提供储存和处置场所。针对我国盐矿盐层夹层多、杂质多的特点,本文以西气东输金坛盐矿储气库为工程背景,对盐岩力学特性及储气库建设中关键问题,开展了以下几个方面的研究工作:
1.盐岩的强度特性研究:主要通过对金坛盐矿盐岩的单轴、三轴压缩实验,获得了其强度参数,并分析了其强度特性。
2.盐岩的蠕变特性研究:结合金坛盐矿盐岩进行了单轴、三轴盐岩蠕变实验,分析了金坛盐矿盐岩的蠕变变形规律,并对金坛盐矿盐岩、含泥盐岩、泥岩的蠕变特性进行了比较。
3.盐岩蠕变损伤本构关系研究:采用半理论半经验的方法,建立的金坛盐矿盐岩的蠕变损伤本构关系,该本构模型能够反映盐岩的稳态蠕变和加速蠕变。
4.盐岩蠕变损伤本构关系应用研究:通过三维数值方法对盐岩蠕变损伤本构关系进行了编程,结合储气库建设实例对本构关系进行了验证,研究了储气库运行过程中的腔周损伤演化规律、体积变形规律等。
5.盐岩储气库洞形优化研究:采用数值模拟方法研究了不洞体积、不同腔体形状下储气库腔周塑性区范围、变形规律及长期流变下的体积变形规律,针对金坛盐矿新建溶腔提出了储气库的最优腔体形状。
6.金坛盐矿已有溶腔可用性评价:结合金坛盐矿已有采空区筛选获得的6口进行储气库改造的溶腔,通过数值模拟方法对溶腔的长期体积变形规律、损伤区、最佳采气速率等进行了研究,并结合突破压力对其地质密封性进行了评价。
Salt rock has very low penetrability and good creep behavior, and can ensure the leak tightness of the natural gas storage. In addition, its mechanical behavior is steady, and can adapt well to the variety of the pressure in the storage. So the salt rock layer in the stratum is the preferential medium to store the natural gas and the high-radioactive waste. Considering the characters of salt rock that there are plentiful impurity and mudstone interlayers in the salt mines in China, the mechanical behavior of salt rock and the key technique of natural gas storage constructing are investigated on the natural gas storage in Jintan salt mine in the XiQiDongShu project. The main research work of this dissertation is as follow:
1. The strength behavior research of salt rock: The strength parameters of salt rock are obtained by the uniaxial and triaxial compressing experiment. The strength character of salt rock is also analyzed.
2. The creep behavior research of salt rock: The creep strain law of salt rock is studied by the uniaxial and triaxial creep experiment. The creep behavior is also compared between the salt rock, salt rock with mudstone interlayers and the mudstone.
3. The creep damage constitutive law research of salt rock: The creep damage constitutive law of salt rock in Jintan salt mine is established by the theoretical and experiential method. The constitutive law can embody the steady creep and the accerlated creep of salt rock.
4. The application research of salt rock creep constitutive law: The creep damage constitutive law is combined with the three dimension numerical method and is applied in the natural gas storage analysis. The evolvement law of damage bound and the displacement law around the natural gas storage are studied by the creep damage constitutive law.
5. The optimized research of natural gas storage shape in the salt rock layer: The comparison research is done between different storage volumes and shapes. The difference of yielded or destroyedzone around storage and convergence law are obtained. Based on the research results, the optimal storage shape is presented.
6. The brine-extracted caverns available evaluation of Jintan salt mine: The six
1.盐岩的强度特性研究:主要通过对金坛盐矿盐岩的单轴、三轴压缩实验,获得了其强度参数,并分析了其强度特性。
2.盐岩的蠕变特性研究:结合金坛盐矿盐岩进行了单轴、三轴盐岩蠕变实验,分析了金坛盐矿盐岩的蠕变变形规律,并对金坛盐矿盐岩、含泥盐岩、泥岩的蠕变特性进行了比较。
3.盐岩蠕变损伤本构关系研究:采用半理论半经验的方法,建立的金坛盐矿盐岩的蠕变损伤本构关系,该本构模型能够反映盐岩的稳态蠕变和加速蠕变。
4.盐岩蠕变损伤本构关系应用研究:通过三维数值方法对盐岩蠕变损伤本构关系进行了编程,结合储气库建设实例对本构关系进行了验证,研究了储气库运行过程中的腔周损伤演化规律、体积变形规律等。
5.盐岩储气库洞形优化研究:采用数值模拟方法研究了不洞体积、不同腔体形状下储气库腔周塑性区范围、变形规律及长期流变下的体积变形规律,针对金坛盐矿新建溶腔提出了储气库的最优腔体形状。
6.金坛盐矿已有溶腔可用性评价:结合金坛盐矿已有采空区筛选获得的6口进行储气库改造的溶腔,通过数值模拟方法对溶腔的长期体积变形规律、损伤区、最佳采气速率等进行了研究,并结合突破压力对其地质密封性进行了评价。
Salt rock has very low penetrability and good creep behavior, and can ensure the leak tightness of the natural gas storage. In addition, its mechanical behavior is steady, and can adapt well to the variety of the pressure in the storage. So the salt rock layer in the stratum is the preferential medium to store the natural gas and the high-radioactive waste. Considering the characters of salt rock that there are plentiful impurity and mudstone interlayers in the salt mines in China, the mechanical behavior of salt rock and the key technique of natural gas storage constructing are investigated on the natural gas storage in Jintan salt mine in the XiQiDongShu project. The main research work of this dissertation is as follow:
1. The strength behavior research of salt rock: The strength parameters of salt rock are obtained by the uniaxial and triaxial compressing experiment. The strength character of salt rock is also analyzed.
2. The creep behavior research of salt rock: The creep strain law of salt rock is studied by the uniaxial and triaxial creep experiment. The creep behavior is also compared between the salt rock, salt rock with mudstone interlayers and the mudstone.
3. The creep damage constitutive law research of salt rock: The creep damage constitutive law of salt rock in Jintan salt mine is established by the theoretical and experiential method. The constitutive law can embody the steady creep and the accerlated creep of salt rock.
4. The application research of salt rock creep constitutive law: The creep damage constitutive law is combined with the three dimension numerical method and is applied in the natural gas storage analysis. The evolvement law of damage bound and the displacement law around the natural gas storage are studied by the creep damage constitutive law.
5. The optimized research of natural gas storage shape in the salt rock layer: The comparison research is done between different storage volumes and shapes. The difference of yielded or destroyedzone around storage and convergence law are obtained. Based on the research results, the optimal storage shape is presented.
6. The brine-extracted caverns available evaluation of Jintan salt mine: The six
引文
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