电动车用异步电机控制系统
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摘要
电气驱动系统是电动汽车的心脏,主要由驱动电机、功率变换器和控制器等三个子系统构成。本文以TI公司的TMS320LF2407A为系统控制核心,富士公司的IPM模块为逆变器开关器件,运用空间矢量技术,设计了异步电机变频调速控制系统。
论文在异步电机数学模型基础之上,分析了转速闭环转差频率控制系统以及矢量控制系统的控制策略和实现方法;为了给控制系统提供电源,论文设计了使用UC3843作为控制核心的反激型开关稳压电源,介绍了UC3843以及电源电路的工作原理及设计;论文详细设计了控制系统的主电路、控制电路以及保护和告警电路;针对电动汽车电机控制器运行环境复杂,处在大量的干扰中,论文从电路板PCB的设计以及控制器机箱内部布局布线等方面充分考虑了其电磁兼容性;根据现场调试的经验,在实验室中使用磁粉制动器模拟电机负载搭建了异步电机试验台,实验结果表明了控制系统具有良好的调速性能和较宽的调速范围。
Electric drive system is the mainly part of the electric vehicles. The systemcommonly consists of three parts, these are driving motor, power converter and controller. This paper describe an induction motor control system which use TI's TMS320LF2407A as the system control core, Fujitsu's intelligent power module as power inverter, and technology of space vector pulse width modulation.
The paper analyzed speed closed-loop slip frequency control system and vector control system based on the induction motor mathematical model. It put forward the implementation method of the two strategy. In order to provide power to the control system, using UC3843 as the control core, the paper designed the flyback switching convetor. What's more, this paper introduced UC3843 and the working principle of the power circuit. This paper detailed the design of the control system of main circuit, control circuit, the protection and alarm circuit. Because electric vehicle motor controller always operated under complex environment, this paper considered its electromagnetic compatibility from the circuit board design and PCB layout and inter wiring in the controller box. According to the debugging experience, an induction motor test platform was built in the laboratory, it used magnetic brake as simulation of the electrical load. Experimental results showed the hardware and software design rationally and effectively.
论文在异步电机数学模型基础之上,分析了转速闭环转差频率控制系统以及矢量控制系统的控制策略和实现方法;为了给控制系统提供电源,论文设计了使用UC3843作为控制核心的反激型开关稳压电源,介绍了UC3843以及电源电路的工作原理及设计;论文详细设计了控制系统的主电路、控制电路以及保护和告警电路;针对电动汽车电机控制器运行环境复杂,处在大量的干扰中,论文从电路板PCB的设计以及控制器机箱内部布局布线等方面充分考虑了其电磁兼容性;根据现场调试的经验,在实验室中使用磁粉制动器模拟电机负载搭建了异步电机试验台,实验结果表明了控制系统具有良好的调速性能和较宽的调速范围。
Electric drive system is the mainly part of the electric vehicles. The systemcommonly consists of three parts, these are driving motor, power converter and controller. This paper describe an induction motor control system which use TI's TMS320LF2407A as the system control core, Fujitsu's intelligent power module as power inverter, and technology of space vector pulse width modulation.
The paper analyzed speed closed-loop slip frequency control system and vector control system based on the induction motor mathematical model. It put forward the implementation method of the two strategy. In order to provide power to the control system, using UC3843 as the control core, the paper designed the flyback switching convetor. What's more, this paper introduced UC3843 and the working principle of the power circuit. This paper detailed the design of the control system of main circuit, control circuit, the protection and alarm circuit. Because electric vehicle motor controller always operated under complex environment, this paper considered its electromagnetic compatibility from the circuit board design and PCB layout and inter wiring in the controller box. According to the debugging experience, an induction motor test platform was built in the laboratory, it used magnetic brake as simulation of the electrical load. Experimental results showed the hardware and software design rationally and effectively.
引文
铩颷1]陈伯时,陈敏逊.交流调速系统.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[2]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统-运动控制系统.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:158-165
[3]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:51-59
[4]黄俊.电力电子变流技术.第三版.北京:机械工业出版社,1995:208-220
[5]赵乃霞,徐展.空间向量脉宽调制原理及实现.电气传动,2001,(1)
[6]韩安太,刘屹飞,黄海.DSP控制器原理及其在运动控制系统中的应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:115-150,276-300
[7]Vladimir Blasko.Anew Mathematical Model and Control of a Three-Phase DC-AD VoltageSource Converter.IEEE Trans.Power Electronics,1997,12(1)
[8]Young Alan Kwon,Sung Hwan Kim.A New Scheme for Speed-Sensorless Control of InductionMotor.IEEE Transsactions on Industrial Electronics,2004,51(3)
[9]赵文祥,刘国海,吉敬华,白雪.基于DSP的全数字矢量控制SVPWM变频调速系统.电机与控制学报,2004,8(2)
[10]尚敬.基于DSP的异步电机磁场定向控制系统研究.[西南交通大学博士学位论文].2003:33-67
[11]J.Holtz,T.Thimm.Identification of the Machine Parameters in a Vector-Controlled InductionMotor Drive.IEEE Trans,on IndApplicat,1991,27(11)
[12]G.C.Verghese,S.R.Sanders.Observer for flux estimation in induction machines.IEEE Trans.Ind.Electron,1988,35(5)
[13]K.C.Kim,R.Ortega,A.Charara,and J.P.Vilain.Theoretical and experimental comparison of twononlinear controller for current fed induction motors.IEEE Trans.Contr.Syst.Technol,1997,5(5)
[14]王潞钢.基于DSP的异步电动机SVPWM系统研究.[广东工业大学硕士学位论文].2002:4-20
[15]徐中.基于FNNS的感应电机直接转矩控制研究.[大连理工大学博士学位论文].2002:30-67
[16]汤蕴谬.史乃.电机学.北京:机械工业出版社,1999
[17]陈坚.交流电机数学模型及调速系统.北京:国防工业出版社,1991
[18]高景德,王祥珩,李发海.交流电机及其系统的分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[19]Bimal K.Bose著,王聪,赵金,于庆广,程红译.现代电力电子学与交流传动.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[20]Zhenyu Yu,David Figoli.AC Induction Motor Control Using Constant V/Hz Principle andSpace Vector PWM Technique with TMS320C240.Texas Instruments application report,SPRA284A
[21]Digital Signal Processing Solution for AC Induction Motor.Texas Instruments application note,BPRA043
[22]Field Orientated Control of 3-Phase AC-Motors.Texas Instruments Europe,BPRA073,February 1998
[23]陈伯时,谢鸿鸣.交流传动系统的控制策略.电工技术学报,2000(5)
铩颷24]Abraham Pressman(美)著,王志强译.开关电源设计(第二版).北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[25]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计(修订版).北京:电子工业出版社.2004
[26]刘胜利.现代高频开关电源实用技术.北京:电子工业出版社.2001
[27]王正.UC3843控制多路输出开关电源设计与实现.航空计算技术,2004,34(2):88-90
[28]段瑞昌,徐国卿,吴志红.车用电机驱动器的电磁兼容性设计.器件与设备.2003,10
[29]徐国卿,姚行德,段瑞昌,吴志红.一种用于电动汽车电机驱动器的新型结构设计.电力电子技术.2004,38(2)
[30]TMS320LF2407,TMS320LF2406,TMS320LF2402 DSP Controllers.Texas Instruments,SPRS094E,April 1999
[31]TMS320C240,TMS320LF240 DSP Controllers.Texas Instruments,SPRS042D,October 1996
[32]张燕宾.SPWM变频调速应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,1997
133]吴守箴,臧英杰.电气传动的脉宽调制控制技术.北京:机械工业出版社,1995
[34]马小亮.大功率交交变频调速及矢量控制技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[35]陈国呈.PWM变频调速及软开关电力变换技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[36]佘艳,孙云莲.基于DSP实现对称SVPWM矢量控制的变频调速系统。电气应用.2005,24(4)
[37]周卫平,吴正国,唐劲松,刘大明.SVPWM的等效算法及SVPWM与SPWM的本质联系.中国电机工程学报.2006,26(2)
[38]翁颖钧,吴守箴.电压空间矢量(磁链追踪)PWM控制研究与仿真.贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版).1999,28(4)
[39]赵克,高晗璎,白绪涛,刘大为.基于SVPWM的感应电动机变频调速系统研究.微电机.2006,39(5)
[40]韩会山.基于DSP的异步电动机矢量控制系统设计与实验研究.[燕山大学硕士学位论文].2005:51-58
[41]孟臣,李敏.JN338智能数字式转矩转速传感器及其应用.国外电子元器件.2003,11
[42]林立.基于了MS320LF2407A DSP的变频调速系统研究.[武汉大学硕士学位论文].2004
[43]张燕宾.SPWM变频调速应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[44]王晓明,王玲.电动机的DSP控制.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[45]陈彦峰.Protel DxP全方位教程.北京:航空工业出版社,2003
[46]韩利,温旭辉,曾莉莉.混合动力电动汽车用电机及驱动控制器的电磁兼容设计.安全与电磁兼容.2006,(1)
[47]徐凯.微控制器的电磁兼容性设计.自动化仪表.2003,24(5)
[48]江思敏.TMS320LF240xDSP硬件开发教程.北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[49]刘和平,王维俊,江渝,邓力.TMS320LF240xDSP C语言开发应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[50][刘和平,严利平.TMS32LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[2]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统-运动控制系统.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:158-165
[3]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:51-59
[4]黄俊.电力电子变流技术.第三版.北京:机械工业出版社,1995:208-220
[5]赵乃霞,徐展.空间向量脉宽调制原理及实现.电气传动,2001,(1)
[6]韩安太,刘屹飞,黄海.DSP控制器原理及其在运动控制系统中的应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:115-150,276-300
[7]Vladimir Blasko.Anew Mathematical Model and Control of a Three-Phase DC-AD VoltageSource Converter.IEEE Trans.Power Electronics,1997,12(1)
[8]Young Alan Kwon,Sung Hwan Kim.A New Scheme for Speed-Sensorless Control of InductionMotor.IEEE Transsactions on Industrial Electronics,2004,51(3)
[9]赵文祥,刘国海,吉敬华,白雪.基于DSP的全数字矢量控制SVPWM变频调速系统.电机与控制学报,2004,8(2)
[10]尚敬.基于DSP的异步电机磁场定向控制系统研究.[西南交通大学博士学位论文].2003:33-67
[11]J.Holtz,T.Thimm.Identification of the Machine Parameters in a Vector-Controlled InductionMotor Drive.IEEE Trans,on IndApplicat,1991,27(11)
[12]G.C.Verghese,S.R.Sanders.Observer for flux estimation in induction machines.IEEE Trans.Ind.Electron,1988,35(5)
[13]K.C.Kim,R.Ortega,A.Charara,and J.P.Vilain.Theoretical and experimental comparison of twononlinear controller for current fed induction motors.IEEE Trans.Contr.Syst.Technol,1997,5(5)
[14]王潞钢.基于DSP的异步电动机SVPWM系统研究.[广东工业大学硕士学位论文].2002:4-20
[15]徐中.基于FNNS的感应电机直接转矩控制研究.[大连理工大学博士学位论文].2002:30-67
[16]汤蕴谬.史乃.电机学.北京:机械工业出版社,1999
[17]陈坚.交流电机数学模型及调速系统.北京:国防工业出版社,1991
[18]高景德,王祥珩,李发海.交流电机及其系统的分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[19]Bimal K.Bose著,王聪,赵金,于庆广,程红译.现代电力电子学与交流传动.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[20]Zhenyu Yu,David Figoli.AC Induction Motor Control Using Constant V/Hz Principle andSpace Vector PWM Technique with TMS320C240.Texas Instruments application report,SPRA284A
[21]Digital Signal Processing Solution for AC Induction Motor.Texas Instruments application note,BPRA043
[22]Field Orientated Control of 3-Phase AC-Motors.Texas Instruments Europe,BPRA073,February 1998
[23]陈伯时,谢鸿鸣.交流传动系统的控制策略.电工技术学报,2000(5)
铩颷24]Abraham Pressman(美)著,王志强译.开关电源设计(第二版).北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[25]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计(修订版).北京:电子工业出版社.2004
[26]刘胜利.现代高频开关电源实用技术.北京:电子工业出版社.2001
[27]王正.UC3843控制多路输出开关电源设计与实现.航空计算技术,2004,34(2):88-90
[28]段瑞昌,徐国卿,吴志红.车用电机驱动器的电磁兼容性设计.器件与设备.2003,10
[29]徐国卿,姚行德,段瑞昌,吴志红.一种用于电动汽车电机驱动器的新型结构设计.电力电子技术.2004,38(2)
[30]TMS320LF2407,TMS320LF2406,TMS320LF2402 DSP Controllers.Texas Instruments,SPRS094E,April 1999
[31]TMS320C240,TMS320LF240 DSP Controllers.Texas Instruments,SPRS042D,October 1996
[32]张燕宾.SPWM变频调速应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,1997
133]吴守箴,臧英杰.电气传动的脉宽调制控制技术.北京:机械工业出版社,1995
[34]马小亮.大功率交交变频调速及矢量控制技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[35]陈国呈.PWM变频调速及软开关电力变换技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[36]佘艳,孙云莲.基于DSP实现对称SVPWM矢量控制的变频调速系统。电气应用.2005,24(4)
[37]周卫平,吴正国,唐劲松,刘大明.SVPWM的等效算法及SVPWM与SPWM的本质联系.中国电机工程学报.2006,26(2)
[38]翁颖钧,吴守箴.电压空间矢量(磁链追踪)PWM控制研究与仿真.贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版).1999,28(4)
[39]赵克,高晗璎,白绪涛,刘大为.基于SVPWM的感应电动机变频调速系统研究.微电机.2006,39(5)
[40]韩会山.基于DSP的异步电动机矢量控制系统设计与实验研究.[燕山大学硕士学位论文].2005:51-58
[41]孟臣,李敏.JN338智能数字式转矩转速传感器及其应用.国外电子元器件.2003,11
[42]林立.基于了MS320LF2407A DSP的变频调速系统研究.[武汉大学硕士学位论文].2004
[43]张燕宾.SPWM变频调速应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[44]王晓明,王玲.电动机的DSP控制.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[45]陈彦峰.Protel DxP全方位教程.北京:航空工业出版社,2003
[46]韩利,温旭辉,曾莉莉.混合动力电动汽车用电机及驱动控制器的电磁兼容设计.安全与电磁兼容.2006,(1)
[47]徐凯.微控制器的电磁兼容性设计.自动化仪表.2003,24(5)
[48]江思敏.TMS320LF240xDSP硬件开发教程.北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[49]刘和平,王维俊,江渝,邓力.TMS320LF240xDSP C语言开发应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[50][刘和平,严利平.TMS32LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002