深层低渗透油气藏4in套管压裂工艺技术研究
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摘要
油田开发进入中后期,在原井侧钻、悬挂4in套管是套损井、老井重复利用,恢复和完善注采井网,挖潜剩余油,节约成本,增产稳产的有力措施。中原油田4in套管井属于深层,低渗透,物性差,需要压裂改造才能有效开采储层。
本文介绍了4in套管井井深结构,针对深层低渗透4in套管井深结构的特殊性,进行了管柱优化、压裂液优选及其性能评价、工艺参数和泵注程序优化,研究出深层低渗透4in套管井压裂工艺技术。介绍了水力喷砂射孔和水力喷射压裂原理,分析了目前4in套管分层压裂现状。通过对水力喷射技术的创新应用,形成了深层低渗透4in套管井分层压裂工艺技术,解决了常规分层压裂技术在深层低渗透4in套管井中无法分层施工的难题。形成了适合4in套管井的耐高温、抗剪切、低摩阻压裂液。经过完善4in套管井压裂配套技术和措施,提高了压裂有效率。
现场应用效果明显,对中原油田实现增产稳产意义重大。
During the middle and later periods of oil field development,sidetracking the original well and suspension 4 inch casing are effective measures to re-use casing failure well and old well,restore and perfect well patterns,exploit remaining oil,save costs and increase production.In Zhongyuan oilfield,most of 4 inch cased holes are located in deep zone,low permeability and poor layers,which need fracturing to be exploited effectively.
In this paper,well configurations of 4 inch cased hole are introduced.In view of its special structure,string,fracturing fluid,process parameters and pumping program are optimized,and single layer fracturing technology for 4 inch cased holes in deep low permeability layers are developed.And then,principles of hydraulic sandblast perforation and hydrajet fracturing are introduced,present situation of applications of separate fracturing are analyzed.Through the innovative application of water-jets technology,layer fracturing technique used in deep low permeability 4 inch cased holes is formed,which solves the difficulty of the application of conventional separate fracturing in 4 inch cased holes.High temperature,shearing resistance and low friction fracturing fluids used in deep low permeability 4 inch cased holes is formed.The efficiency of fracturing is improved by perfecting fracturing matching technology and measures of 4 inch cased holes.
The field application of this technology is very effective,which is of great significance to realize increasing and stable production in Zhongyuan oilfield.
本文介绍了4in套管井井深结构,针对深层低渗透4in套管井深结构的特殊性,进行了管柱优化、压裂液优选及其性能评价、工艺参数和泵注程序优化,研究出深层低渗透4in套管井压裂工艺技术。介绍了水力喷砂射孔和水力喷射压裂原理,分析了目前4in套管分层压裂现状。通过对水力喷射技术的创新应用,形成了深层低渗透4in套管井分层压裂工艺技术,解决了常规分层压裂技术在深层低渗透4in套管井中无法分层施工的难题。形成了适合4in套管井的耐高温、抗剪切、低摩阻压裂液。经过完善4in套管井压裂配套技术和措施,提高了压裂有效率。
现场应用效果明显,对中原油田实现增产稳产意义重大。
During the middle and later periods of oil field development,sidetracking the original well and suspension 4 inch casing are effective measures to re-use casing failure well and old well,restore and perfect well patterns,exploit remaining oil,save costs and increase production.In Zhongyuan oilfield,most of 4 inch cased holes are located in deep zone,low permeability and poor layers,which need fracturing to be exploited effectively.
In this paper,well configurations of 4 inch cased hole are introduced.In view of its special structure,string,fracturing fluid,process parameters and pumping program are optimized,and single layer fracturing technology for 4 inch cased holes in deep low permeability layers are developed.And then,principles of hydraulic sandblast perforation and hydrajet fracturing are introduced,present situation of applications of separate fracturing are analyzed.Through the innovative application of water-jets technology,layer fracturing technique used in deep low permeability 4 inch cased holes is formed,which solves the difficulty of the application of conventional separate fracturing in 4 inch cased holes.High temperature,shearing resistance and low friction fracturing fluids used in deep low permeability 4 inch cased holes is formed.The efficiency of fracturing is improved by perfecting fracturing matching technology and measures of 4 inch cased holes.
The field application of this technology is very effective,which is of great significance to realize increasing and stable production in Zhongyuan oilfield.
引文
[1]朱斯明,程海霞,安邓波,等.深层低渗透油气藏水力压裂的效果评价及认识[J].内蒙古石油化工,2004,30(1):136-137.
[2]万仁溥.采油工程手册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008:87-215.
[3]Economides M.J.,Nolte K.G.油藏增产技术[M].张宏奎,张建国,杨义连等译.东营:石油大学出版社,1991:9-271.
[4]卢拥军.九十年代国外压裂液技术发展的新动向[J].石油与天然气化工,1998,27(2):115-125.
[5]万人溥,罗英俊.采油技术手册(修订本)第九分册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:2-646.
[6] SURJAATMADJA J B. Subterranean formation fracturing methods[P].U.S. Patent No.5 765 642,1998.
[7]程英姿,周政权.水力压裂技术新进展[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2009,22(6):61-67.
[8]李根生,沈忠厚.高压水射流理论及其在石油工程中应用研究进展[J].石油探勘开发,2005,32(1):96-99.
[9]李军,巩小雄,李翔,等.分层压裂工艺技术在吐哈油田的研究与应用[J].新疆石油天然气,2007,3(3):50-55.
[10]王松,春兰,杨兆中,等.低渗透气藏分层压裂难点与对策[J].断块油气田,2009,16(6):116-117.
[11]金铁文.小井眼压裂施工参数优选[J].石油矿场机械,2006,35(5):101-102.
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[14]景步宏,虞建业.耐高温低摩阻低伤害压裂液的研究[J].钻采工艺,2009,33(3):101-105.
[15]杨建军,叶仲斌,张绍彬,等.新型低伤害压裂液性能评价及现场试验[J].天然气工业,2004,24(6):61-63.
[16]王鸿勋,张士诚.水力压裂设计数值计算方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:28l-283.
[17]李明志.中原油田压裂配套技术及发展方向[J].断块油气田,2006,13(2):83-85.
[18]王雷,张士诚.压裂返排速度对支撑剂回流量及其在裂缝内分布的影响[J].油气地质与采收率,2008,15(1):101-110.
[19]张晓萍,马文景,周雪峰,等.四寸套管井压裂技术研究[J].内蒙石油化工,2009,9:84.
[20]唐洪俊,刘洪,熊继有.高压深层低渗透储层改造技术的研究与应用[J].天然气工业,2005,25(12):97-99.
[21]安耀清,金建国,董玉玲,等.小井眼及套变井压裂工艺研究与应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(5):119-123.
[22]沈忠厚,田守嶒，李根生，等．水力喷射压裂机理与技术研究进展[J].石油钻采工艺,2008,30(1):58-61.
[23]李文洪.分层压裂工艺技术研究[J].吐哈油气,2006,11(3):258—262.
[24]Fu Gangdan,Zhao Zhenfeng,etc.A New Completion Technology with Separate Layer Fracturing and Commingled Producing in Gas Field[C].SPE 104444,2006.
[25]Bennaceur K,Roegiers J C.Design of fracturing treatment in multilayered formations[A].SPE 17712,1988.
[26]安耀清,张天文,谢泽洪,等.分层压裂改造技术研究与配套应用[J].吐哈油气,2006,11(3):263-267.
[27]燕勇,王新刚,宁兵,等.水力喷射逐层压裂工艺应用[J].应用技术,2009,1:101.
[28]East L,Grieser J W,Mcdaniel B et al.Successful Application of Hydrajet Fracturing on Horizontal Wells Completed in a Thick Shale Reservoir[C].SPE 91435,2004.
[29]李根生,牛继磊,刘泽凯,等.水力喷砂射孔机理实验研究[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(2):31-34.
[30]倪红坚,王瑞和.高压水射流射孔过程及机理研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(增刊):29-32.
[31]李根生,刘丽,黄中伟,等.水力射孔对底层破裂压力的影响研究[J].石油大学学报,2006,30(5):42-45.
[32]SURJAATMADJA J B,GRUNDMANN S R,et al.Hydrajet fracturing:an effectivemethod for placing many fractures in openhole horizontal wells[R].SPE 48 856,1998.
[33]侯东红,白建文,刘雄明,等.水力喷射压裂改造技术在直井上的应用[J].油气井测试,2009,18(4):42-44.
[34]王晓泉,丛连铸.分层改造中压裂液优化研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2007,24(2):60-66.
[35]LOVE T G,MCCARTY R A,et al.Selectively placing many fractures in openhole horizontal wells improves production[R].SPE74 331,2001.
[36]朱丽国.深井压裂技术研究与应用[J].应用技术,2010,11(1):298.
[2]万仁溥.采油工程手册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008:87-215.
[3]Economides M.J.,Nolte K.G.油藏增产技术[M].张宏奎,张建国,杨义连等译.东营:石油大学出版社,1991:9-271.
[4]卢拥军.九十年代国外压裂液技术发展的新动向[J].石油与天然气化工,1998,27(2):115-125.
[5]万人溥,罗英俊.采油技术手册(修订本)第九分册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:2-646.
[6] SURJAATMADJA J B. Subterranean formation fracturing methods[P].U.S. Patent No.5 765 642,1998.
[7]程英姿,周政权.水力压裂技术新进展[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2009,22(6):61-67.
[8]李根生,沈忠厚.高压水射流理论及其在石油工程中应用研究进展[J].石油探勘开发,2005,32(1):96-99.
[9]李军,巩小雄,李翔,等.分层压裂工艺技术在吐哈油田的研究与应用[J].新疆石油天然气,2007,3(3):50-55.
[10]王松,春兰,杨兆中,等.低渗透气藏分层压裂难点与对策[J].断块油气田,2009,16(6):116-117.
[11]金铁文.小井眼压裂施工参数优选[J].石油矿场机械,2006,35(5):101-102.
[12]丁青山,耿卫,王国军,等.中原油田小井眼高效侧钻配套技术[J].工程论坛,2005,23:151-152.
[13]舒尚文,刘明国.东濮凹陷深井套管开窗侧钻技术讨论[J].钻采工艺,2006,29(5):20-23.
[14]景步宏,虞建业.耐高温低摩阻低伤害压裂液的研究[J].钻采工艺,2009,33(3):101-105.
[15]杨建军,叶仲斌,张绍彬,等.新型低伤害压裂液性能评价及现场试验[J].天然气工业,2004,24(6):61-63.
[16]王鸿勋,张士诚.水力压裂设计数值计算方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:28l-283.
[17]李明志.中原油田压裂配套技术及发展方向[J].断块油气田,2006,13(2):83-85.
[18]王雷,张士诚.压裂返排速度对支撑剂回流量及其在裂缝内分布的影响[J].油气地质与采收率,2008,15(1):101-110.
[19]张晓萍,马文景,周雪峰,等.四寸套管井压裂技术研究[J].内蒙石油化工,2009,9:84.
[20]唐洪俊,刘洪,熊继有.高压深层低渗透储层改造技术的研究与应用[J].天然气工业,2005,25(12):97-99.
[21]安耀清,金建国,董玉玲,等.小井眼及套变井压裂工艺研究与应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(5):119-123.
[22]沈忠厚,田守嶒，李根生，等．水力喷射压裂机理与技术研究进展[J].石油钻采工艺,2008,30(1):58-61.
[23]李文洪.分层压裂工艺技术研究[J].吐哈油气,2006,11(3):258—262.
[24]Fu Gangdan,Zhao Zhenfeng,etc.A New Completion Technology with Separate Layer Fracturing and Commingled Producing in Gas Field[C].SPE 104444,2006.
[25]Bennaceur K,Roegiers J C.Design of fracturing treatment in multilayered formations[A].SPE 17712,1988.
[26]安耀清,张天文,谢泽洪,等.分层压裂改造技术研究与配套应用[J].吐哈油气,2006,11(3):263-267.
[27]燕勇,王新刚,宁兵,等.水力喷射逐层压裂工艺应用[J].应用技术,2009,1:101.
[28]East L,Grieser J W,Mcdaniel B et al.Successful Application of Hydrajet Fracturing on Horizontal Wells Completed in a Thick Shale Reservoir[C].SPE 91435,2004.
[29]李根生,牛继磊,刘泽凯,等.水力喷砂射孔机理实验研究[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(2):31-34.
[30]倪红坚,王瑞和.高压水射流射孔过程及机理研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(增刊):29-32.
[31]李根生,刘丽,黄中伟,等.水力射孔对底层破裂压力的影响研究[J].石油大学学报,2006,30(5):42-45.
[32]SURJAATMADJA J B,GRUNDMANN S R,et al.Hydrajet fracturing:an effectivemethod for placing many fractures in openhole horizontal wells[R].SPE 48 856,1998.
[33]侯东红,白建文,刘雄明,等.水力喷射压裂改造技术在直井上的应用[J].油气井测试,2009,18(4):42-44.
[34]王晓泉,丛连铸.分层改造中压裂液优化研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2007,24(2):60-66.
[35]LOVE T G,MCCARTY R A,et al.Selectively placing many fractures in openhole horizontal wells improves production[R].SPE74 331,2001.
[36]朱丽国.深井压裂技术研究与应用[J].应用技术,2010,11(1):298.