我国研发产业投资基金募集研究
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摘要
本文采用多种方法有选择地对我国研发产业投资基金募集的条件、意义、募集主体、投资对象、募集风险等问题进行了深入的研究。本文分析了研发产业产生和发展的国际背景、研发产业和产业投资基金在我国的发展以及我国政府对于研发产业的金融政策,这些构成了研发产业投资基金募集的条件。同时,研发产业投资基金具有增加研发资金来源、提高研发风险承受能力、增加研发参与主体、促进经济社会转型等意义。产业投资基金的募集主体包括管理机关、发起人、出资人、管理人和托管人等几种角色,研发产业投资基金募集主体包括中央和地方政府、国有企业、经营性金融机构、政策性投资机构、研发相关的协会、研发机构、民营企业和个人,其突出特点是中央政府和地方政府的利益不一致、不同性质金融机构的作用不同、国有企业比民营企业作用更重要。研发产业投资基金的投资对象包括研发产业内的企业、研发相关产业内的企业以及其他盈利性好的行业内的企业,主要投资对象具有企业和研发机构占主要、实验发展是重点、区域发展不平衡等特点。研发产业投资基金募集过程中的主要风险有系统风险、政策风险、运营风险、投资风险和退出风险等。最后,本文提出了研发产业投资基金募集的几点建议,即加强相关研究、加快研发产业发展、加强对研发产业投资基金的引导、调动参与主体的积极性以及加强研发产业投资基金募集风险的防范。
This literary uses various methods to study some important aspects of the collecting of our coutry's R&D industry fund electly, besides the collecting's condition and meaning, the collecting corpus, the investing object and the collecting risk etc. This text has analyzed the international background of R&D industry's emerging and development, the development of R&D industry and industry fund in our country, and our government' s financial policy to R&D industry, which is the condition to collect R&D industry fund.At the same time, the R&D industry fund has the meaning to increase the source of R&D funds, exalt the ability to bear R&D's risk, increase R&D's participation corpus and promote the transformation of economy and society etc. The collecting corpus of industry fund include roles of manage organizations, sponsors, supporters, administrator and trusteeship person etc. The collecting corpus of R&D industry include the center and local governments,stateowned enterprises,management financing institutions,policy investment organizations, R&D related associations, R&D organizations,private enterprises and individuals. Its outstanding characteristics are that the benefits of the central government and local government are inconformit, that the function of different financing institution is different, and that the stateowned business enterprise's function is more important than private enterprise. The investment object of R&D industry fund includes enterprises in R&D, enterprises in the R&D related industry and enterprises in other industries with good earnings. The main investment object has the characteristics that enterprises and development organizations are the main, that experiment and development is the point, and that the different district's development is unbalance.The main risk in the process of R&D industry fund's collecting is systematic risk, policy risk, conducting risk, invest risk and withdraw risk etc.At last, this text put forward to some suggestions to R&D industry's collecting, which is strengthening the related research, speeding to develop the R&D industry development, strengthening the guide to the R&D industry fund, encouraging the participators and strengthening to guarding against the collecting risk.
This literary uses various methods to study some important aspects of the collecting of our coutry's R&D industry fund electly, besides the collecting's condition and meaning, the collecting corpus, the investing object and the collecting risk etc. This text has analyzed the international background of R&D industry's emerging and development, the development of R&D industry and industry fund in our country, and our government' s financial policy to R&D industry, which is the condition to collect R&D industry fund.At the same time, the R&D industry fund has the meaning to increase the source of R&D funds, exalt the ability to bear R&D's risk, increase R&D's participation corpus and promote the transformation of economy and society etc. The collecting corpus of industry fund include roles of manage organizations, sponsors, supporters, administrator and trusteeship person etc. The collecting corpus of R&D industry include the center and local governments,stateowned enterprises,management financing institutions,policy investment organizations, R&D related associations, R&D organizations,private enterprises and individuals. Its outstanding characteristics are that the benefits of the central government and local government are inconformit, that the function of different financing institution is different, and that the stateowned business enterprise's function is more important than private enterprise. The investment object of R&D industry fund includes enterprises in R&D, enterprises in the R&D related industry and enterprises in other industries with good earnings. The main investment object has the characteristics that enterprises and development organizations are the main, that experiment and development is the point, and that the different district's development is unbalance.The main risk in the process of R&D industry fund's collecting is systematic risk, policy risk, conducting risk, invest risk and withdraw risk etc.At last, this text put forward to some suggestions to R&D industry's collecting, which is strengthening the related research, speeding to develop the R&D industry development, strengthening the guide to the R&D industry fund, encouraging the participators and strengthening to guarding against the collecting risk.
引文
[1]罗军等.企业集群的交易成本分析[J].昆明理工大学学报：社会科学版,2005年1期。
[2]数据来源于《美国统计年鉴2009》。
[3]数据来源于《北京市统计年鉴2009》。
[1]经济合作与发展组织(OECD)著,张玉勤译.弗拉斯蒂手册(第6版)[M].科学技术出版社,2010年1月：第16-20页。
[1]周小平.发展我国产业投资基金[J].上海综合经济,1997年第7期。
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[10]黄鲁成,邱芳.北京研发产业综合竞争力评价分析[J].科技进步与对策,2007(4)：132-136.
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[23]张战仁,杜德斌.上海研发产业发展环境优化潜力及现实挑战研究[J].中国科技论坛.2010(6),2010年6月:87-93.
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[29]高汝熹、张国安、谢曙光.上海R&D产业发展前景[J].上海经济研究,2001(9)：22—28.
[30]费方械,李靖,郑育家,蒋士成.企业的研发外包：一个综述[J].经济学(季刊),2009(3)：1107-1161.
[31]伍蓓,陈劲,吴增源.企业R&D外包的模式、测度及其对创新绩效的影响[J].科学学研究,2009(2)：302-308.
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[2]数据来源于《美国统计年鉴2009》。
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[1]经济合作与发展组织(OECD)著,张玉勤译.弗拉斯蒂手册(第6版)[M].科学技术出版社,2010年1月：第16-20页。
[1]周小平.发展我国产业投资基金[J].上海综合经济,1997年第7期。
[1]马克思.资本论(第一卷)[M].人民出版社,2008：207-316.
[2]马克思.资本论(第二卷)[M].人民出版社,2008：435-590.
[3]陈克文.高技术风险投资理论[M].北京：中国财政经济出版社,2003年11月：52-62.
[4][美]乔治·泰奇.研究与开发政策的经济学[M].清华大学出版社,2002年9月：23.
[5]田先钰.R&D产业及其组织与管理研究[D].江苏大学工商管理学院博士论文,2008年：34—37、29.
[6]王琦.我国高新技术企业风险投资运营机制研究[D].西安建筑科技大学,2010年5月.
[7]李京文,黄鲁成.关于发展北京R&D产业的思考[J].中国软科学,2004(8)：122-127.
[8]黄鲁成.R&D产业内涵、成因及意义[J].科研管理,2005(5)：62-67.
[9]黄鲁成,陈曦.国外研发产业主体运行机制分析——以MR&D公司为例[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2006(5)：5-13.
[10]黄鲁成,邱芳.北京研发产业综合竞争力评价分析[J].科技进步与对策,2007(4)：132-136.
[11]黄鲁成,李晓英.研发产业的产业关联与波及特点分析——以上海为例[J].科学学与科学技术管理.2007(1)：25-28.
[12]黄鲁成,周婷婷,徐文璐.研发产业景气监测与预警[J].统计与决策(理论版),2007(9)：39-43.
[13]黄鲁成.北京研发产业发展研究[J].技术经济,2008(3)：51—55.
[14]任伟宏,黄鲁成.研发产业发展水平评价权重确定方法研究[J].科技管理研究.2008(2)：71-74.
[15]任宏伟、黄鲁成.研发产业绩效评价指标与方法的探讨[J].经济论坛,2008(6)：74-76.
[16]任伟宏,黄鲁成.基于熵的研发产业发展水平评价模型及应用[J].科技进步与对策,2009(3)：109-111.
[17]任伟宏,黄鲁成.研发产业发展水平综合评价[J].科技进步与对策,2009(9)：135-138.
[18]杜德斌,周天瑜,王勇,盛垒.世界R&D产业的发展现状及趋势[J],世界地理研究,2007(1)：1-7.
[19]周天瑜,马勇.全球研发产业的形成及发展态势分析[J].经济师,2008(10)：102-103.
[20]周天瑜,马勇.知识经济时代世界研发产业发展趋势探析[J].未来与发展,2008(12)：2-6.
[21]张仁开,杜德斌.中国R&D产业发展的空间差异及地域分类研究[J].地域研究与开发,2006(4)：20-24.
[22]张战仁,杜德斌.研发产业与上海经济增长的协整与因果互动机制研究[J].软科学,2009(10)：91-94.
[23]张战仁,杜德斌.上海研发产业发展环境优化潜力及现实挑战研究[J].中国科技论坛.2010(6),2010年6月:87-93.
[24]王树林.21世纪主导产业--第四产业[J].京华出版社,1996年：7—50、125—126.
[25]王文亮,王丹丹.研发产业的生命周期特征及发展策略分析[J].技术经济,2008(3)：60-64.
[26]王文亮,王丹丹.我国R&D产业成长的投入一产出分析[J].技术经济,2009(9)：1-4.
[27]姜念云.研发产业：审视研发活动的一个新视角[J].中国科技论坛,2008(8)：49-52,85.
[28]胡鞍钢,熊义志.我国知识发展的地区差距分析：特点、成因及对策[J].管理世界,2000(3)：5-18.
[29]高汝熹、张国安、谢曙光.上海R&D产业发展前景[J].上海经济研究,2001(9)：22—28.
[30]费方械,李靖,郑育家,蒋士成.企业的研发外包：一个综述[J].经济学(季刊),2009(3)：1107-1161.
[31]伍蓓,陈劲,吴增源.企业R&D外包的模式、测度及其对创新绩效的影响[J].科学学研究,2009(2)：302-308.
[32]路甬祥.自主创新与建设创新型国家[J].中国学术期刊文摘,2008(14)：18-23.
[33]杨有志.中国产业投资基金运作中难点及对策探析[J].中南财经大学学报,1999(6)：108-110.
[34]黄玉华.关于建立科技产业投资共同基金的建议[J].科技过步与对策,2001(7)：60-62.
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