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收敛算子成像技术的研究
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摘要
矿井生产在采掘过程中易发生粉尘、瓦斯、火、水及顶板等自然灾害,严重威胁着煤矿安全生产和矿工的生命安全。现有的技术及装备,远远不能适应矿井自然条件和生产环境的变化,需要进一步研究新技术预防煤矿自然灾害。采用何种探测手段在灾害未发生前,探测瓦斯富集区,导水构造是国家攻关项目亟待解决的难题。
     作为前沿课题,本文研究了电磁波在突出危险煤层预测的成像技术及电磁波透视技术与瓦斯预测相结合的突出危险区域预测技术。
     研究了地下防爆框形天线,分析其特性,根据其理论分析的特性,研制的地下防爆天线,在煤层中经过应用,达到和超过了对称天线的发射效率,安全性能大幅度提高,目前取代了对称形式的天线。
     研究了成像的算法和微机实现的问题,采用替代法,用H_i,β,通过计算探测区域的β分布和相对衰减分布的算法,控制误差的分布,达到了无线电透视数据成像,结束了人工判读历史。
     提出了收敛算子成功地和成像技术结合,提高了成像的解释精度。
     提出了滤波、极值校正、各向异性校正等算法,有效排除了测量的部分干扰。
     根据上述研究成果,研究出E型突出煤层电磁波透视系统,在平顶山十矿其戊_(9-10)20150、戊_(9-10)20100采面50%以上的区域划分为无突出危险区,在西山、霍州、阳泉、潞安、大同、徐州、皖北、淮北、淮南、南桐、宁夏、邯郸、开滦等地水灾、地质构造地应用,极大地解放了生产力,取得了显著的社会经济效益。验证了综合算子结合的成像技术的准确性和有效性,检测了算法的可靠性、稳定性和分辨率,证实了算法的实用性。解决了大量的工程问题。
     与国外同类产品比较,我国无线电波透视系统一直处于世界先进水平。
     目前,无线电波透视系统已成为煤矿集约高效生产的地质保障手段之一,特别是应用突出煤层,亦将发展成为预测预报的重要手段之一。
     本论文还开发出一套新的高水平的透视无线电波透视资料处理软件。该软件具有操作方便,界面友善,较强的数据管理功能,完善的参数分析功能、强大的数据处理功能和较强的图形输出功能等特点。适用于无线电波透视资料处理和解释的各级用户。
The apparent characteristics of mine production is underground operation, affected by geological conditions, geological structures and coal seam construction, and the disaster such as coal dust, methane, water, and roof collapse are liable to occur under the mining process and seriously imperil the mining safety and life of miners. Therefore it is necessary to find new techniques to predict the natural disaster in mine. Among the safety problems of coal mines the goaf water and gas outburst are main problems. To use the probing methods for prospecting the gas-logged zone and water guided structure in advance is the difficult task for the key projects belong to the ten five-year plan of China.
    As the forward position task, the author researches the electromagnetic wave prospecting techniques for predict the outburst liable coal seam. Then regional prediction technique for outburst liable zone has been formed combining the electromagnetic wave penetration technique and gas-geological methods.
    The author studied on the flame-proof frame antenna and its specifications. According to the theoretical analysis of characteristics, the author developed the flame-proof frame antenna for underground use. It has shown in the practice that its transmitting efficiency is same and over the geometric antenna, and the safety function has extremely been improved. As the result the geometric antenna had been replaced by the frame antenna.
    Image algorithm has been put forward and put into practice in personnel computer. Curb the error distribution by substitution method, which calculates the 6 and relative attenuation distribution in the prospecting area. On the other hand image of electromagnetic wave penetration data ends the history of distinguishing by manual work.
    The author put forward the selection of the convergence factor. Interpretation accuracy has been improved by combining the comprehensive curve operator and image techniques.
    The author also put forward the algorithm for the filter, extreme value rectifying and anisotropy and removed the partial interfere from the measurements efficiently.
    According to the above results, the author developed E-type electromagnetic wave penetration system for outburst liable coal seam. In No. 10 coal mine of Pingdingshan
    
    
    above 50% of working area belong to non outburst zone of W 20150 and 20100 working faces. The applications for water and geological structure prospecting in Xishan, Huozhou, Yangquan, Luan, Datong, Xuzhou, Wanbei, Hualnan, Nantong, Ningxia, Handan and Kailuan mining areas had dramatically emancipated the productive force and gained the apparent social and economical benefits. The practice work verified the accuracy and effectiveness. Furthermore test the liability, stability, resolution and practicability of the special algorithm. Therefore amount of engineering problems had been solved.
    Radio wave penetration system is always in advance level in the world comparing to the similar product from other countries.
    In this paper the author also developed a set of high level data-processing software for Radio wave penetration system. The software has easy operation, friendly interface and data management function as well as parameter analysis function, data-processing function and image output function. It suits to use for any user to data-process and interpretation of Radio wave penetration system.
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