环保型胶凝材料的制备与性能研究
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摘要
环保型胶凝材料是在水泥产业逐渐转变发展模式的背景下,针对降低水泥工业资源和能源消耗,减轻并消除环境污染等问题提出的。环保型胶凝材料可消纳大量具有活性的工业废渣,即将工业废渣作为混合材用来取代传统波特兰水泥中部分或大部分熟料。环保型胶凝材料的研究与制备,将促进我国的水泥工业走向可持续发展道路。
本论文以粉煤灰和矿粉为研究对象,通过提高它们作为混合材的掺量,来制备环保型胶凝材料。经过微波辐照,粉煤灰的反应活性可得到提高。用微波辐照的粉煤灰替代水泥熟料,可提高它在胶凝材料体系中的掺量。偏高岭土中的活性氧化铝和硫铝酸盐水泥中无水硫酸钙,有利于生成更多的钙矾石,促进水泥熟料的水化。两者作为添加剂,加入大掺量矿粉环保型胶凝材料,可提高其早期强度。
此外,本论文对大掺量粉煤灰和矿粉胶凝材料采用微波辐照方法,系统地探讨此养护方法对两种胶凝材料的胶砂强度的影响。
论文取得的主要结论如下：
(1)微波辐照能明显提高粉煤灰的反应活性。不同的微波辐照功率和时间,对粉煤灰的反应活性提高效果不同。其中,粉煤灰经过450W微波辐照10min,反应活性提高效果最显著。粉煤灰的最佳微波辐照参数,可通过胶砂强度试验结果来确定。
(2)通过对大掺量粉煤灰环保型胶凝材料进行标准稠度用水量和凝结时间测试,并结合胶砂强度试验结果,发现当微波辐照的粉煤灰以30%等质量取代水泥熟料,可制备出42.5强度等级的环保型胶凝材料。而当微波辐照的粉煤灰以40%、50%等质量取代水泥熟料,可制备出32.5强度等级的环保型胶凝材料。
(3)添加少量偏高岭土和硫铝酸盐水泥,可提高胶凝材料胶砂试块的早期强度。研究发现当矿粉掺量为80%,通过添加适量的偏高岭土和硫铝酸盐水泥,可制备出32.5强度等级的大掺量矿粉环保型胶凝材料。
(4)微波养护可提高大掺量粉煤灰和矿粉胶凝材料的胶砂试块的早期强度。大掺量粉煤灰胶凝材料经过150W微波辐照养护1Omin,大掺量矿粉胶凝材料经过300W微波辐照养护10min,它们的胶砂试块强度提高效果最显著。最佳的微波养护参数,根据胶砂强度试验结果确定。
In order to reduce resource and energy consumption of the cement industry, alleviate or eliminate environment pollution, environment-protecting cementitious material was put forward based on transformation in the development model of the cement industry. Environment-protecting cementitious material can eliminate a flood of industry wastes, namely industrial residue used to replace part or most of the traditional Portland cement clinker as cement admixture. Research and preparation of environment-protecting cementitious material can promote china's cement industry towards a path of sustainable development.
In this study, fly ash and slag were researched as cement mixture though increasing their content to make environment-protecting cementitious material. The reactivity of fly ash was enhanced by microwave radiation, the content of which in cementitious material system can be increased with fly ash irradiated by microwave instead of cement clinker. Activated alumina of metakaolin and calcium sulfate anhydrate of sulpho-aluminate cement can benefit to form more ettringite, and then promote the hydration of the cement clinker. Metakaolin and sulpho-aluminate cement were added in large charge slag environment-protecting cementitious material and can improve its early strength.
In addition, the high volume fly ash and slag cementitious materials were cured by microwave radiation in this paper. The influence of mortar strength of two cementitious materials conserved by microwave radiation was discussed systematiclly.
The results are as follows:
(1)Microwave irradiation can improve the reactivity of fly ash obviously. Different activation effects to the activity of fly ash can be obtained by different microwave radiation power and time. Among them, the activity of fly ash reaches the maximum by radiated with450W for10minutes. The best microwave radiation parameters applying to fly ash can be determined by the results of mortar strength tests.
(2)Testing the water requirement of normal consistency and setting time of environment-protecting cementitious material containing large volume fly ash, combined with the results of mortar strength, show that42.5strength grade environment-protecting cementitious material can be prepared when the equal amount of cement clinker is replaced with fly ash radiated by microwave reaching30percent. And32.5strength grade environment protection type of cementitious materials can be prepared when the amount of fly ash stimulated by microwave radiation reaching40and50percent instead of cement clinker.
(3) It can improve the early strength of environment-protecting cementitious material by adding a few of metakaolin and sulpho-aluminate cement. Research show that32.5strength grade large volume slag environment-protecting cementitious materials can be prepared by adding proper metakaolin and sulpho-aluminate cement when the amount of slag reaches80percent.
(4)Microwave curing can improve the early mortar strength of high volume fly ash and slag cementitious materials. High volume fly ash cementitious material is irradiated by microwave with150W curing10minutes, and large amount of slag cementitious material is irradiated by microwave with300W curing10minutes, which shows their mortar strength increased most significantly. The optimal microwave curing parameters can be determined by the results of mortar strength tests.
本论文以粉煤灰和矿粉为研究对象,通过提高它们作为混合材的掺量,来制备环保型胶凝材料。经过微波辐照,粉煤灰的反应活性可得到提高。用微波辐照的粉煤灰替代水泥熟料,可提高它在胶凝材料体系中的掺量。偏高岭土中的活性氧化铝和硫铝酸盐水泥中无水硫酸钙,有利于生成更多的钙矾石,促进水泥熟料的水化。两者作为添加剂,加入大掺量矿粉环保型胶凝材料,可提高其早期强度。
此外,本论文对大掺量粉煤灰和矿粉胶凝材料采用微波辐照方法,系统地探讨此养护方法对两种胶凝材料的胶砂强度的影响。
论文取得的主要结论如下：
(1)微波辐照能明显提高粉煤灰的反应活性。不同的微波辐照功率和时间,对粉煤灰的反应活性提高效果不同。其中,粉煤灰经过450W微波辐照10min,反应活性提高效果最显著。粉煤灰的最佳微波辐照参数,可通过胶砂强度试验结果来确定。
(2)通过对大掺量粉煤灰环保型胶凝材料进行标准稠度用水量和凝结时间测试,并结合胶砂强度试验结果,发现当微波辐照的粉煤灰以30%等质量取代水泥熟料,可制备出42.5强度等级的环保型胶凝材料。而当微波辐照的粉煤灰以40%、50%等质量取代水泥熟料,可制备出32.5强度等级的环保型胶凝材料。
(3)添加少量偏高岭土和硫铝酸盐水泥,可提高胶凝材料胶砂试块的早期强度。研究发现当矿粉掺量为80%,通过添加适量的偏高岭土和硫铝酸盐水泥,可制备出32.5强度等级的大掺量矿粉环保型胶凝材料。
(4)微波养护可提高大掺量粉煤灰和矿粉胶凝材料的胶砂试块的早期强度。大掺量粉煤灰胶凝材料经过150W微波辐照养护1Omin,大掺量矿粉胶凝材料经过300W微波辐照养护10min,它们的胶砂试块强度提高效果最显著。最佳的微波养护参数,根据胶砂强度试验结果确定。
In order to reduce resource and energy consumption of the cement industry, alleviate or eliminate environment pollution, environment-protecting cementitious material was put forward based on transformation in the development model of the cement industry. Environment-protecting cementitious material can eliminate a flood of industry wastes, namely industrial residue used to replace part or most of the traditional Portland cement clinker as cement admixture. Research and preparation of environment-protecting cementitious material can promote china's cement industry towards a path of sustainable development.
In this study, fly ash and slag were researched as cement mixture though increasing their content to make environment-protecting cementitious material. The reactivity of fly ash was enhanced by microwave radiation, the content of which in cementitious material system can be increased with fly ash irradiated by microwave instead of cement clinker. Activated alumina of metakaolin and calcium sulfate anhydrate of sulpho-aluminate cement can benefit to form more ettringite, and then promote the hydration of the cement clinker. Metakaolin and sulpho-aluminate cement were added in large charge slag environment-protecting cementitious material and can improve its early strength.
In addition, the high volume fly ash and slag cementitious materials were cured by microwave radiation in this paper. The influence of mortar strength of two cementitious materials conserved by microwave radiation was discussed systematiclly.
The results are as follows:
(1)Microwave irradiation can improve the reactivity of fly ash obviously. Different activation effects to the activity of fly ash can be obtained by different microwave radiation power and time. Among them, the activity of fly ash reaches the maximum by radiated with450W for10minutes. The best microwave radiation parameters applying to fly ash can be determined by the results of mortar strength tests.
(2)Testing the water requirement of normal consistency and setting time of environment-protecting cementitious material containing large volume fly ash, combined with the results of mortar strength, show that42.5strength grade environment-protecting cementitious material can be prepared when the equal amount of cement clinker is replaced with fly ash radiated by microwave reaching30percent. And32.5strength grade environment protection type of cementitious materials can be prepared when the amount of fly ash stimulated by microwave radiation reaching40and50percent instead of cement clinker.
(3) It can improve the early strength of environment-protecting cementitious material by adding a few of metakaolin and sulpho-aluminate cement. Research show that32.5strength grade large volume slag environment-protecting cementitious materials can be prepared by adding proper metakaolin and sulpho-aluminate cement when the amount of slag reaches80percent.
(4)Microwave curing can improve the early mortar strength of high volume fly ash and slag cementitious materials. High volume fly ash cementitious material is irradiated by microwave with150W curing10minutes, and large amount of slag cementitious material is irradiated by microwave with300W curing10minutes, which shows their mortar strength increased most significantly. The optimal microwave curing parameters can be determined by the results of mortar strength tests.
引文
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