继电器分断时过电压信号采集技术的研究
摘要
继电器作为基础电器元件，其寿命的长短不但反映继电器的质量，更重要的是直接影响到使用它的电器设备的可靠性。在继电器的性能指标中，继电器触点分断时产生的频率高，幅值大的过电压信号是重要指标之一。
为采集继电器分断时产生的过电压及电流信号，本文借鉴国内外相关研究成果，在充分分析继电器试验中数据采集系统性能要求的基础上，提出了整个高速数据采集系统的总体设计方案：系统采用以DSP为核心，以及DSP的外扩器件，构成了最小系统。该最小系统制作成高速数据采集卡，插入PC机的ISA总线插槽中，PC机与DSP构成主从结构，系统中TMS320F240 DSP作为PC机的下位机，采用PC机内的DMAC(DMA控制器)通过DMA(直接存储器存取)方式把采集的数据传送到PC机进行处理。并对方案中硬件电路的各个组成部分、用到的主要技术如DSP、DMA传输方式等进行了详细介绍。随后对整个高速数据采集系统的上、下位机软件设计及用户界面进行了说明；最后绘制出过电压及电流波形。
The relay being a base electric element, it's life span not only reflects the quality of the relay, but also affects directly the reliability of electric equipment using the relay. The high frequency, large amplitude over-voltage signal produced when the relay turns off is one of the important indexes evaluating the relay.
With reference to internal and international correlation research achievement, and by analyzing the technique require to high-speed data sampling system used in relay test, the thesis brings the whole plan forward: The data sampling system is on core of DSP and expands apparatus based on DSP. They form a least system and are made to a high-speed data sampling card. The card is inserted to ISA bus in PC. In this system, it is master-slave structure between PC and DSP. DSP transfers data to PC by adopting the DMAC(Direct memory access controller)in PC. The thesis dwells on every part of hardware circuit and main technology such as DSP, the transferring mode of DMA (Direct memory access), etc Subsequently, it introduces the software design of the sampling system and user interface. Finally, it shows the waveform of over-voltage and current.
为采集继电器分断时产生的过电压及电流信号，本文借鉴国内外相关研究成果，在充分分析继电器试验中数据采集系统性能要求的基础上，提出了整个高速数据采集系统的总体设计方案：系统采用以DSP为核心，以及DSP的外扩器件，构成了最小系统。该最小系统制作成高速数据采集卡，插入PC机的ISA总线插槽中，PC机与DSP构成主从结构，系统中TMS320F240 DSP作为PC机的下位机，采用PC机内的DMAC(DMA控制器)通过DMA(直接存储器存取)方式把采集的数据传送到PC机进行处理。并对方案中硬件电路的各个组成部分、用到的主要技术如DSP、DMA传输方式等进行了详细介绍。随后对整个高速数据采集系统的上、下位机软件设计及用户界面进行了说明；最后绘制出过电压及电流波形。
The relay being a base electric element, it's life span not only reflects the quality of the relay, but also affects directly the reliability of electric equipment using the relay. The high frequency, large amplitude over-voltage signal produced when the relay turns off is one of the important indexes evaluating the relay.
With reference to internal and international correlation research achievement, and by analyzing the technique require to high-speed data sampling system used in relay test, the thesis brings the whole plan forward: The data sampling system is on core of DSP and expands apparatus based on DSP. They form a least system and are made to a high-speed data sampling card. The card is inserted to ISA bus in PC. In this system, it is master-slave structure between PC and DSP. DSP transfers data to PC by adopting the DMAC(Direct memory access controller)in PC. The thesis dwells on every part of hardware circuit and main technology such as DSP, the transferring mode of DMA (Direct memory access), etc Subsequently, it introduces the software design of the sampling system and user interface. Finally, it shows the waveform of over-voltage and current.
引文
[1]陆俭国，李志刚．电器试验技术与试验方法．北京：机械工业出版社．1995
[2]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TMS320C24X DSP controllers CPU, system, and instruction Set Reference Set. Volume 1. 1997
[3]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TMS320C24X DSP controllers CPU, system, and instruction Set Reference Set. Volume 2. 1997
[4]王旭柱，王汝霖，吴东等．基于DSP的信号实时采集与处理系统．数据采集与处理．1999,12：P509-512
[5]W.F. Rieder and T.W. Strof. Reliability of Commercial Relays during Life Tests at Low Electrical Contact Load, IEEE Trans. on Components, Hybrids and Manufacturing Technology, Vol.15 (2): 166—171, 1992
[6]Kester W. High speed design. Techniques Worldwide Headquarters 1996,7:P27-33
[7]卢珞先，李波，黄淘等．高速数据采集系统的设计．武汉汽车工业大学学报．2000，2：P49-51
[8]W.F. Rieder and T.W. Strof. Relay Life Tests with Contact Resistance Measurement after Each Operation, Proceedings of 36th IEEE Holm. Conference on Electrical Contact and 15th International Conference on Electrical Contact, 1990:73—78
[9]雷丽文，朱晓华，蔡征宇等．微机原理与接口技术．北京：电子工业出版社．1997
[10]朱延功，刘嵩，周大威等．ISA 总线工业控制机与单片机系统的数据交换．电气自动化．2000，3：P45-47
[11]Complete 10-bit, 20Msps, 80mw CMOS A/D Converter AD9200 ANALOG DEVICE, Inc. 1997
[12]Wideband, Current Feedback OPERATIONAl AMPLIFIER With Disable BURR-BROWN Inc. 1997
[13]张雄伟．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第二版)．北京：电子工业出版社．2000
[14]胡淘，王鹰．一种1MHZ 12bit高速数据采集系统的设计方案．电子技术应用．1999，9：P68-P69
[15]刘乐善，叶济慈，叶永坚．微型计算机接口技术原理及应用．武汉：华中理工大学出版社，1996
[16]曹伟．可编程逻辑器件原理、方法与开发应用指南．长沙：国防科技大学出版社1993
[17]刘松强．数字信号处理系统及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社．1996
[18]孟哲，胡君萍．现代计算机应用技术．2000，3：P44-P46
[19]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TMS320C1X/C2X/C2XX/C5X Assembly Language Tools User's Guide
[20]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TMS320C2XX C Source Debugger User's Guide
[21]杨素行，刘慧银，唐光荣等．微型计算机系统原理及应用．北京：清华出版社．1995
[22]兰霖，庄文，毕淑艳等．DSP主从式多处理器系统的实现．微计算机信息．1999,5：P75-77
[23]邹逢兴．微型计算机硬件技术及应用基础(上册)．长沙：国防科技大学出版社．1997
[24]董渭清，王换招．高档微机接口技术及应用．西安：西安交通大学出版社．1995
[25]韩学超．采用DMA技术实现的高速数据采集系统．电子技术．2000，9：P49-51
[26]余新平，王宏远．采用DMA技术实现高速数据传输的I/O接口卡设计．电子技术应用．1999，7：P54-P56
[27]程佩青．数字滤波与快速傅立叶变换．北京：清华出版社．1990
[28]戴明桢．数字信号处理的硬件实现．北京：航空工业出版社．1997
[29]沈兰荪．高速数据采集系统原理及应用．北京：人民邮电出版社．1990
[30]程卫国，冯峰．MATLAB5.3精要编程及高级应用．北京：机械工业出版社．2000
[31]陈璧光，沈能士．电器试验和测量技术．中国电力出版社．1999
[32]Majhi, S.; Atherton, D.P. Autotuning and controller design for processes with small time delays IEE Proceedings: Control Theory and Applications v 146 n 5, 1999.
[33]B.J. Frost, A New Generation of Relay Test Equipment Addresses Old Relay Measurement Problem, Proceedings of 45th Relay Conference. 11-1—11 1998,
[34]郭英辉，祁载康．高速数据采集卡及其接口电路设计．电子技术应用1999，11：P62-64
[2]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TMS320C24X DSP controllers CPU, system, and instruction Set Reference Set. Volume 1. 1997
[3]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TMS320C24X DSP controllers CPU, system, and instruction Set Reference Set. Volume 2. 1997
[4]王旭柱，王汝霖，吴东等．基于DSP的信号实时采集与处理系统．数据采集与处理．1999,12：P509-512
[5]W.F. Rieder and T.W. Strof. Reliability of Commercial Relays during Life Tests at Low Electrical Contact Load, IEEE Trans. on Components, Hybrids and Manufacturing Technology, Vol.15 (2): 166—171, 1992
[6]Kester W. High speed design. Techniques Worldwide Headquarters 1996,7:P27-33
[7]卢珞先，李波，黄淘等．高速数据采集系统的设计．武汉汽车工业大学学报．2000，2：P49-51
[8]W.F. Rieder and T.W. Strof. Relay Life Tests with Contact Resistance Measurement after Each Operation, Proceedings of 36th IEEE Holm. Conference on Electrical Contact and 15th International Conference on Electrical Contact, 1990:73—78
[9]雷丽文，朱晓华，蔡征宇等．微机原理与接口技术．北京：电子工业出版社．1997
[10]朱延功，刘嵩，周大威等．ISA 总线工业控制机与单片机系统的数据交换．电气自动化．2000，3：P45-47
[11]Complete 10-bit, 20Msps, 80mw CMOS A/D Converter AD9200 ANALOG DEVICE, Inc. 1997
[12]Wideband, Current Feedback OPERATIONAl AMPLIFIER With Disable BURR-BROWN Inc. 1997
[13]张雄伟．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第二版)．北京：电子工业出版社．2000
[14]胡淘，王鹰．一种1MHZ 12bit高速数据采集系统的设计方案．电子技术应用．1999，9：P68-P69
[15]刘乐善，叶济慈，叶永坚．微型计算机接口技术原理及应用．武汉：华中理工大学出版社，1996
[16]曹伟．可编程逻辑器件原理、方法与开发应用指南．长沙：国防科技大学出版社1993
[17]刘松强．数字信号处理系统及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社．1996
[18]孟哲，胡君萍．现代计算机应用技术．2000，3：P44-P46
[19]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TMS320C1X/C2X/C2XX/C5X Assembly Language Tools User's Guide
[20]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TMS320C2XX C Source Debugger User's Guide
[21]杨素行，刘慧银，唐光荣等．微型计算机系统原理及应用．北京：清华出版社．1995
[22]兰霖，庄文，毕淑艳等．DSP主从式多处理器系统的实现．微计算机信息．1999,5：P75-77
[23]邹逢兴．微型计算机硬件技术及应用基础(上册)．长沙：国防科技大学出版社．1997
[24]董渭清，王换招．高档微机接口技术及应用．西安：西安交通大学出版社．1995
[25]韩学超．采用DMA技术实现的高速数据采集系统．电子技术．2000，9：P49-51
[26]余新平，王宏远．采用DMA技术实现高速数据传输的I/O接口卡设计．电子技术应用．1999，7：P54-P56
[27]程佩青．数字滤波与快速傅立叶变换．北京：清华出版社．1990
[28]戴明桢．数字信号处理的硬件实现．北京：航空工业出版社．1997
[29]沈兰荪．高速数据采集系统原理及应用．北京：人民邮电出版社．1990
[30]程卫国，冯峰．MATLAB5.3精要编程及高级应用．北京：机械工业出版社．2000
[31]陈璧光，沈能士．电器试验和测量技术．中国电力出版社．1999
[32]Majhi, S.; Atherton, D.P. Autotuning and controller design for processes with small time delays IEE Proceedings: Control Theory and Applications v 146 n 5, 1999.
[33]B.J. Frost, A New Generation of Relay Test Equipment Addresses Old Relay Measurement Problem, Proceedings of 45th Relay Conference. 11-1—11 1998,
[34]郭英辉，祁载康．高速数据采集卡及其接口电路设计．电子技术应用1999，11：P62-64