基于WEB的工作流平台设计与实现
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摘要
随着企业不断地成长，公司内部的作业流程更趋复杂，传统以人工处理流程传递之方式已不符合经济效益与企业需求，且由于近年来信息技术日新月异，因此许多企业纷纷朝向信息化与电子化的方向建立其信息系统。自从1984年开始研究工作流程相关技术以来，不同功能与架构之工作流程管理系统纷纷出现。
根据所实现的业务过程，工作流管理系统可分为四类：管理型工作流(administrativeworkflow)、设定型工作流(ad hoc workflow)、协作型工作流(collaborative workflow)、生产型工作流(production workflow)。本文所探讨的就是协作型工作流，是基于开发工具和数据库开发的WEB架构的工作流软件产品UniFlow．利用Java等开发工具，建立在中间件平台和数据库平台上由软件开发商或者客户自行研发的，它们不仅可以达到利用软件平台开发的效果，而且更可以整合各种独立办公软件之精华，功能更强大，应用更广泛。通过自行开发工作流引擎，一方面可以拥有低廉的成本，另一方面可以掌握工作流底层的技术，在接口方面可以提供更详细的内容。通过开发可以实现数据交互和通讯，可获得增强的可靠性、伸缩性、企业消息和协作平台性能。他们将工作流程模块化，各模块既可单独使用，也可实现无缝连接。自行开发可以快速集成先进的技术，建立功能更加强大的基于工作流解决方案和各种应用，在工作流制定上，可以采用更人性化和个性化的界面，可以提供更多方便的应用，此外该产品在其它第三方产品的整合方面也具有很强的优势。
With the developing of enterprise.workflow among company become more and more complex,the way of processing transition of work flow by artifical method is becoming unadaptable to economic benefit and requirement of enterprise, and because the fast development of Information techonogy .many companys and enterprises construct their information system in succession.Since technology about workflow was researched in 1984.Workflow Management Systems of different function and construction have appeared one after another.
According to operational procedure .Workflow Manager System can be devided into four kinds : administrative workflow ,ad hoc workflow, collaborative workflow and production workflow, the kind this article will research belongs to collaborative workflow ,and it was a product that was developed on the basis of developing tools and Database. Self-supporting flow engine not only can decrease the cost but also can hold the bottom technology of work flow and support more detail interface, we modularize the work so every module can used separately and also can be used by no-slot link.self-supporting can integrate advanced technology fast and adopt more humanization and personalization interface, withal, the product have strong advantage in aspect of integration with other third party products .
根据所实现的业务过程，工作流管理系统可分为四类：管理型工作流(administrativeworkflow)、设定型工作流(ad hoc workflow)、协作型工作流(collaborative workflow)、生产型工作流(production workflow)。本文所探讨的就是协作型工作流，是基于开发工具和数据库开发的WEB架构的工作流软件产品UniFlow．利用Java等开发工具，建立在中间件平台和数据库平台上由软件开发商或者客户自行研发的，它们不仅可以达到利用软件平台开发的效果，而且更可以整合各种独立办公软件之精华，功能更强大，应用更广泛。通过自行开发工作流引擎，一方面可以拥有低廉的成本，另一方面可以掌握工作流底层的技术，在接口方面可以提供更详细的内容。通过开发可以实现数据交互和通讯，可获得增强的可靠性、伸缩性、企业消息和协作平台性能。他们将工作流程模块化，各模块既可单独使用，也可实现无缝连接。自行开发可以快速集成先进的技术，建立功能更加强大的基于工作流解决方案和各种应用，在工作流制定上，可以采用更人性化和个性化的界面，可以提供更多方便的应用，此外该产品在其它第三方产品的整合方面也具有很强的优势。
With the developing of enterprise.workflow among company become more and more complex,the way of processing transition of work flow by artifical method is becoming unadaptable to economic benefit and requirement of enterprise, and because the fast development of Information techonogy .many companys and enterprises construct their information system in succession.Since technology about workflow was researched in 1984.Workflow Management Systems of different function and construction have appeared one after another.
According to operational procedure .Workflow Manager System can be devided into four kinds : administrative workflow ,ad hoc workflow, collaborative workflow and production workflow, the kind this article will research belongs to collaborative workflow ,and it was a product that was developed on the basis of developing tools and Database. Self-supporting flow engine not only can decrease the cost but also can hold the bottom technology of work flow and support more detail interface, we modularize the work so every module can used separately and also can be used by no-slot link.self-supporting can integrate advanced technology fast and adopt more humanization and personalization interface, withal, the product have strong advantage in aspect of integration with other third party products .
引文
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[2] Glance, N.S., Pagani, D.S., and Pareschi, R:" Generalized process structure grammars(GPSG) for flexible representations of work". Proceedings of
[3] Edelweiss, N.; Nicolao, M. "Workflow modeling: exception and failure handling representation" International Conference of the Chilean Computer Science Society 1998
[4] Weimin Du, Jim Davis and Ming-Chien Shan. "Flexible specification of workflow compensation scopes", GROUP 1997
[5] Kamath, M.; Ramamrithan, K.: "Failure Handling and Coordinated Execution of Concurrent Workflows", International Council for Open and Distance Education 1998.
[6] J. Eder and W. Liebhart. "Workflow recovery." International Conference on Cooperative Information Systems 1996
[7] Fabio Casati, Stefano Ceri, Stefano Paraboschi and Guiseppe Pozzi. "Specification and implementation of exceptions in workflow management systems" ACM Transactions on Database Systems Vol.24, No. 3, September 1999, Pages 405-451
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[12] [美]Bruce Eckel著京京工作室 译 《Java编程思想》(Thinking in Java) 机械工业出版社 2000年4月
[13] David B. Stewart "Designing Software Components for Real-Time Applications". http://www.ee.umd.edulserts/education/esc/class408-2x2.pdf
[14] JavaBeans 联机文档 http://java.sun.com/products/javabeans/
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[16] "Java~(TM) 2 Platform, Standard Edition, v 1.3.1 API Specification" Sun Microsystems,
Inc.
[17] 邵维忠 《关于面向对象与软件复用的若干问题研究》 北京大学计算机科学技术系 (100871) 电子文档
[18] 王兆祥 朱世伟 《Java与构件对象的集成》江汉石油学报 第二十卷 第一期 1998年3月
[19] (美)Kim Heldman 《项目管理专家全息教程》
[20] (美)哈罗德．科兹纳著《项目管理：计划．进度和控制系统方法》
[21] 陶冶、范玉顺、罗海滨，“分布式工作流系统的可扩展性和柔性研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[22] 曹技强，“简述工作流管理系统”，《软件工程师》，2001．4
[23] 于戈、宋宝燕、田文虎、王国仁、郑怀远，“现代集成制造中的工作流管理技术研究”，http://www.e-works.net.cn/glxxh.htm
[24] 林惠萍、范玉顺、吴澄，“支持企业经营过程重组的工作流仿真技术研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[25] 范玉顺，《工作流管理技术基础》，清华大学出版社，2001．4
[26] 陶冶、范玉顺、罗海滨，“分布式工作流系统的可靠性研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[27] 罗海滨、范玉顺、吴澄，“工作流技术综述”，http://www.simflow.net
[28] 范玉顺、吴澄，“基于工作流的CIMS应用集成支持系统研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[29] 刘佚名、范玉顺，“基于工作流的企业过程的建模和仿真技术研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[30] 范玉顺、吴澄，“基于协调理论的工作流建模方法”，http://www.simflow.net
[31] 陶冶、范玉顺、罗海滨，“提高分布式工作流管理系统的可扩展性”，http://www.simflow.net
[32] 鲍震宁、范玉顺，“企业组织模型结构和建模方法研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[33] 罗海滨、范玉顺、吴澄，“一种面向企业用户的工作流模型”，http://www.simflow.net
[34] “8848电子政务解决方案”，http://www.8848.net/solution＿government.htm
[35] 李敏“知识管理是竞争优势的来源”，http://learning.21cn.com/shalong/zhanlue/
[36] “企业如何实施知识管理”，http://learning.21cn.com/shalong/zhanlue/
[37] “企业知识管理主体解析”，http://learning.21cn.com/shalong/zhanlue/
[38] 陈立辉编译，“定义知识管理”，http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/
[39] 张涛，“业务流程重组成功因素分析”，http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/
[40] Kwan,M.M. and Balasubramanian,P.R.,"Dynamic workflow management:a framework for modeling workflows." HICSS97
[41] J.Leon Zhao,"Knowledge Mangement and Organizational Learning in Workflow System", http://www.aiai.ed.ac.uk/index.html
[42] Tuomi,I. "The New Organization Knowledge and is System its System Foundations" HICSS96,p140-6 vol.3
[43] (美)Subrahmanyam Allamaraju等著 《J2EE服务器端高级编程》 机械工业出版社 2001．9
[44] 厦门云集软件网络(中国)有限公司ORight软件及技术资料
[45] 台湾华苓科技股份有限公司，AGENTFLOW软件及技术资料
[46] 西安协同数码股份有限公司，SynchroFlow软件及技术资料
[47] 华表，用友公司，http://61.135.139.207/china/index.html
[48] Crystal Report 文档资料, http://www.inetsoft.com/index.html
[49] Quick Report, http://www.altecdata.com/
[2] Glance, N.S., Pagani, D.S., and Pareschi, R:" Generalized process structure grammars(GPSG) for flexible representations of work". Proceedings of
[3] Edelweiss, N.; Nicolao, M. "Workflow modeling: exception and failure handling representation" International Conference of the Chilean Computer Science Society 1998
[4] Weimin Du, Jim Davis and Ming-Chien Shan. "Flexible specification of workflow compensation scopes", GROUP 1997
[5] Kamath, M.; Ramamrithan, K.: "Failure Handling and Coordinated Execution of Concurrent Workflows", International Council for Open and Distance Education 1998.
[6] J. Eder and W. Liebhart. "Workflow recovery." International Conference on Cooperative Information Systems 1996
[7] Fabio Casati, Stefano Ceri, Stefano Paraboschi and Guiseppe Pozzi. "Specification and implementation of exceptions in workflow management systems" ACM Transactions on Database Systems Vol.24, No. 3, September 1999, Pages 405-451
[8] Grady Booch,James Rumbaugh,Ivar Jacobson.The Unified Modeling Language User Guide
[9] Ivar Jacobson,Grady Booch,James Rumbaugh: The Unified Software Development Process,
[10] Grady Booch Chief Scientist Rational Software Corportaion Building Web Application With UML,
[11] [美]Barbara White等著 拓文工作室 译 《Java Beans开发使用手册》 (Special Edition Using JavaBeans)机械工业出版社 西蒙与舒斯特国际出版公司 1998年5月
[12] [美]Bruce Eckel著京京工作室 译 《Java编程思想》(Thinking in Java) 机械工业出版社 2000年4月
[13] David B. Stewart "Designing Software Components for Real-Time Applications". http://www.ee.umd.edulserts/education/esc/class408-2x2.pdf
[14] JavaBeans 联机文档 http://java.sun.com/products/javabeans/
[15] Graham Hamilton "JavaBeans API specification version1.01" Sun Microsystems Inc. July 24, 1997
[16] "Java~(TM) 2 Platform, Standard Edition, v 1.3.1 API Specification" Sun Microsystems,
Inc.
[17] 邵维忠 《关于面向对象与软件复用的若干问题研究》 北京大学计算机科学技术系 (100871) 电子文档
[18] 王兆祥 朱世伟 《Java与构件对象的集成》江汉石油学报 第二十卷 第一期 1998年3月
[19] (美)Kim Heldman 《项目管理专家全息教程》
[20] (美)哈罗德．科兹纳著《项目管理：计划．进度和控制系统方法》
[21] 陶冶、范玉顺、罗海滨，“分布式工作流系统的可扩展性和柔性研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[22] 曹技强，“简述工作流管理系统”，《软件工程师》，2001．4
[23] 于戈、宋宝燕、田文虎、王国仁、郑怀远，“现代集成制造中的工作流管理技术研究”，http://www.e-works.net.cn/glxxh.htm
[24] 林惠萍、范玉顺、吴澄，“支持企业经营过程重组的工作流仿真技术研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[25] 范玉顺，《工作流管理技术基础》，清华大学出版社，2001．4
[26] 陶冶、范玉顺、罗海滨，“分布式工作流系统的可靠性研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[27] 罗海滨、范玉顺、吴澄，“工作流技术综述”，http://www.simflow.net
[28] 范玉顺、吴澄，“基于工作流的CIMS应用集成支持系统研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[29] 刘佚名、范玉顺，“基于工作流的企业过程的建模和仿真技术研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[30] 范玉顺、吴澄，“基于协调理论的工作流建模方法”，http://www.simflow.net
[31] 陶冶、范玉顺、罗海滨，“提高分布式工作流管理系统的可扩展性”，http://www.simflow.net
[32] 鲍震宁、范玉顺，“企业组织模型结构和建模方法研究”，http://www.simflow.net
[33] 罗海滨、范玉顺、吴澄，“一种面向企业用户的工作流模型”，http://www.simflow.net
[34] “8848电子政务解决方案”，http://www.8848.net/solution＿government.htm
[35] 李敏“知识管理是竞争优势的来源”，http://learning.21cn.com/shalong/zhanlue/
[36] “企业如何实施知识管理”，http://learning.21cn.com/shalong/zhanlue/
[37] “企业知识管理主体解析”，http://learning.21cn.com/shalong/zhanlue/
[38] 陈立辉编译，“定义知识管理”，http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/
[39] 张涛，“业务流程重组成功因素分析”，http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/
[40] Kwan,M.M. and Balasubramanian,P.R.,"Dynamic workflow management:a framework for modeling workflows." HICSS97
[41] J.Leon Zhao,"Knowledge Mangement and Organizational Learning in Workflow System", http://www.aiai.ed.ac.uk/index.html
[42] Tuomi,I. "The New Organization Knowledge and is System its System Foundations" HICSS96,p140-6 vol.3
[43] (美)Subrahmanyam Allamaraju等著 《J2EE服务器端高级编程》 机械工业出版社 2001．9
[44] 厦门云集软件网络(中国)有限公司ORight软件及技术资料
[45] 台湾华苓科技股份有限公司，AGENTFLOW软件及技术资料
[46] 西安协同数码股份有限公司，SynchroFlow软件及技术资料
[47] 华表，用友公司，http://61.135.139.207/china/index.html
[48] Crystal Report 文档资料, http://www.inetsoft.com/index.html
[49] Quick Report, http://www.altecdata.com/