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中国外商投资企业投资环境研究
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摘要
二次世界大战以来,世界经济发生了深刻的变化,以跨国公司为主体的国际直接投资迅速增长并成为世界经济的主导因素。正如《2001年世界投资报告》所指出的,外国投资在全球化进程中起着至关重要的作用,给越来越多的国家带来了机会和挑战,各国的政策制定者,特别是发展中国家的决策者,应该关注的不仅仅是如何吸引更多的外资,而且还要关注如何从外资中获得最大的受益。在以往的外商投资相关理论和研究中,一般都是只着眼于投资方的利益和经营决策,未涉及受资方(吸资方)的研究,如吸收投资的原因、条件、对象和引导等,因而不能实现投受资双方的最大限度优势互补。本文正是站在受资方的立场上,试图从内外环境分析的角度,对过去的引资实践进行总结,并研究目前中国利用外资的制约因素,力求在理论阐述和实践归纳相结合的基础上来探讨中国外商投资企业投资环境建设的未来发展之路。
     全文共分七个部分:一、引论。主要介绍本文的研究背景、研究现状和研究思路和方法。二、研究前提与理论基础。阐述了有关外资与外商投资企业及其投资环境的基本概念,并揭示了相关理论发展的历史和内涵。三、中国外商投资企业与FDI分析。在回顾了改革开放以来其在我国的发展情况后,重点分析了外商投资企业及PDI对我国经济发展的作用,特别对跨国公司在我国的投资状况做了较深入的分析。四、中国外商投资企业投资环境评价。投资环境具有系统性的特征,本文辨证地分析了当前国际环境、经济环境、政策法律环境和社会文化环境的中的有利因素和抑制因素,并且结合新时期新形势,就入世对中国外商投资企业投资环境的影响展开论述,对现阶段中国的投资环境作出了较全面的评价。五、优化我国外商投资企业投资环境的对策探讨。文章从宏观和微观相结合的角度,以“促进宏观经济增长,完善市场经济环境”、“调整利用外资政策,规范政策法律环境”和“推动信用体系建设,优化社会文化环境”三点为优化中国投资环境的基本框架,提出了一系列调控对策。例如扩大内需,促进经济稳定增长;又如加快按照国民待遇原则调整外资政策。总而言
    
    ——
     之,是在注重了结合中国实际切实提高利用外资的质量和水平的前提条件下,
     致力于为外商投资企业创造令人满意的投资环境。六、武汉市外商投资企业投
     资环境研究(案例分析人 以武汉市为例,进行具体的外商投资企业投资环境
     实证分析。七、结语。对全文进行总结。
Since World War II, the international economy has deeply changed. The international direct investment that is mainly composed of the capital of the multinational corporation has increased rapidly and became the leading factor of the international economy. Just like what has been pointed out in "the Report of World Investment in 2000", the foreign investment plays an essential role in the globalization process and it has brought chance and challenge to more and more countries. The person who makes policy of the various countries, especially the policymaker of the developing country should pay close attention to how to attract more foreign capitals, as well as how to gain maximal benefits from the foreign capitals. In former theories and studies about foreign investment, the profits of investor and the management decision were commonly stressed, but sides absorbing the capitals were omitted in the study, and there were not reasons of absorbing capital, conditions of absorbing capitals in former theories and st
    udies. As a result, the maximal limit of mutual predominance can't be realized. Exactly stands on the position of receiving the capital, the paper tries to summarize the former practice of absorbing capital from the angles of internal and external environmental analysis. Moreover, the paper studies the restriction factors of utilizing the foreign capitals in China at present, and strives hard to probe into the way of future development of the investment climate construction for FDI firms in China, which is based on the combination of theory expounding and practice summing up.
    This paper consists seven parts. Part I: Introduction. It mainly introduces the research background, current research status and research thinking and approaches. Part II: The research prerequisite and the theoretical base. It formulates the basic conceptions about foreign capitals, FDI firms and investment climate of FDI firms, and it particularizes the connotation and developmental history of the relevant theories. Part III: The analysis of FDI firms and FDI in China. After reviewing their development in our country since the reform and opening up to the outside world, the paper lays emphasis on analyzing the effects of FDI firms and FDI on
    
    
    
    economic development of our country, especially, it has done relatively deep analysis to the investment state of the multinational corporation in our country. Part IV: The appraisal of the investment climate of FDI firms in China. The investment climate has systemic characteristics. The paper analyzes favorable factors and factors of suppressing in present international environment, economic environment, policy legal environment and social culture environment. And, combining the new period and the new situation, the impact on investment climate of FDI firms is described in allusion to entering the WTO. This part has made relatively overall appraisal to the investment climate of China of the present stage. PartV: Discuss of the countermeasures to optimize the investment climate of FDI firms in China. From the angle of the macroscopic and microcosmic combining together, the paper takes "Promote the macro-economic growth and perfect the environment of market economy", "Adjust policy of utilizing the foreign cap
    itals and standardize environment of the law and policy" and "Drive the construction of credit system and optimize the social culture environment" as basics frame for optimizing the Chinese investment environment. It has proposed a series of adjusting and controlling countermeasures. Such as we should expand domestic demand and promote economy increasing steadily, as well as accelerate adjusting the policy of the foreign capitals according to the principle of national treatment. All in all, it has paid attention to improving the quality and level of utilizing the foreign capitals combining the facts of China, and under the precondition of this, this paper devotes to creating satisfactory investment climate for foreign-investment enterprises. Part VI: Research on the investment climat
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