井信息高分辨率层序地层表征
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摘要
本论文在对国内外高分辨率层序地层理论和应用广泛调研的基础上,以井信息资料为中心,以层序地层等时对比及其格架建立理论为基础,从层序地层的成因和演化研究入手,以井信息高分辨率层序地层直观表征方法为重点,以建立研究区等时地层格架,进而预测砂体和油气储层分布规律为目标,开发一套具有商品化应用功能的高分辨率层序地层表征软件。本研究取得以下重要成果。
1.在充分理解高分辨率层序地层理论基础上,首次引入耗散系统理论研究沉积耗散系统的沉积层序成因。提出了层序地层成因四要素(FAST)新理论。即沉积系统能量(F)和沉积物通量(S)和沉积耗散特征(T),可容纳空间(A)变化四种因素。
2.在层序地层成因四要素理论指导下,根据全球沉积岩石体积规模和盆地数量,提出了依据沉积体积规模(内涵系统耗散特性的时间要素)划分层序级别思想,最多可分为7个级别旋回层序。层序的空间尺度划分标准的确立,有利于层序级次概念统一和划分操作。
3.提出井信息概念,研究了井信息与高分辨率旋回的关系特征,运用信息聚焦、信息融合理论对高分辨率层序地层进行表征方法研究,获得规范的井信息高分辨率层序地层表征方法模型。开发了以井信息为主体的高分辨率层序地层表征软件。
4.在井信息高分辨率层序地层表征方法研究的基础上,应用层序地层四要素成因理论,明确提出了井信息高分辨率层序地层表征工业化应用流程和规范性建议,那就是首先研究区域沉积背景、沉积环境和沉积规模,确立高分辨层序地层划分级别;然后针对研究级别建立骨干井信息层序地层时空指示指标;第三步是在统一耗散系统尺度基础上,建立井信息高分辨率层序地层表征模型;第四步是进行井信息高分辨率层序单井和多井地层表征;第五步是井控高分辨率层序地层二维、三维表征;第六步是综合地质分析及其储层预测。
5.在新疆克拉玛依油田、胜利油田、吉林油田和大港油田进行了初步试用,包括沉积岩、火山岩碳酸盐岩地层,均取得了良好的可视化层序表征效果,也取得了较好的地质应用效果。
Through the investigation on the demestic and foreign high resolution stratigraphy theory and application, focused on the well information, based on the theory of establishing isochronous formation frame, startted with the stratigraphy genesis and evolvement, stressed on the intuition characterization method of high resolution stratigraphy by well information, the isochronous formation frame of study region is established. The favorable sand body and the distribution rule of oil and gas reservoir can be predicted. a commercial stratigraphy characterization software was developped.
The major conclusions are as follw:
1. Aimed at the controversy in the sequence stratigraphy, combined with the practical problems in high resolution sequence stratigraphy theory and application, through the analysis of the relative document,based on the systematicially analysis the limitation of A/S theory, the dissipation system theory of squence stratigraphy genesis is firstly presented and the sediment pile, diagenesis and the deposition evolvement are thought to be the result of system dissipation. The formation of deposition stratigrphy mainly depend on the energy of deposition system and the total volume of deposition. The accomdation space acts as an adjustment function, and therefore the rock sequence stratigraphy is decided by the depositional system energy(F), the deposiional flux(S) and depositional system dissipation characteristic (T), and it also is controlled by accommodation space. All of these are called four factors(FAST) theory.
2. Ander the guiding of the formation genesis four factors, considered the global sedimentary rock volume and number of basins, the classify thought is proposed: the high resolution squence stratigraphy formation frame can be set up no more than 7 levels, the smaller scales stratigraphy are taken as autocyclicity deposition, and at these scales only the depositional cycle can be analysed and the squence stratigraphy analysis need not be done. The deposition scale is a consquence of interact of sediment in time domain and apatial domain. The classify standardize of rock volume scale realized the unity of time and space, and have a better comparability, and more easily to unite the different understandings of division of squence stratigraphy.
3. Followed the instruction of squence stratigraphy and high resolution squence stratigraphy theory, the present problem in the high resolution sequence stratigraphy theory and appication are systematacially studied, within the restriction of seismic squence stratigrahy, by using high resolution character of well information, transfer the conventional division method of squence stratigraphy in which the division depend on sequence stratigraphy interface recognition and formation cycle division to using the squence stratigraphy geneisis theory .i.e.the deposition energy, accommodation space, the depositional scales and structure, depositional interface in order to gain more reliable isochronous formation frame. The sequnece stratigraphy corresponding relations are study in outcrop, core, well drilling, seismic and geograohy. The depositional environment and formation cycle character indicator are study in well drilling, mud logging, well logging, well testing, core analysis, fliud testing, production behavior,well repairing. The well information fusion and focusing theory are presented to divide the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy and the corresponding high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characteristic methods are studied.
4. Based the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization methods research with the sequnece stratigraphy genesis four factors theory, the commercial application flow chart and regulations proposal are presented. Firstly, the regional depositional background,depositional enviornment and depositional scales must be carefully studied in order to determine the division levels of high resolution sequnece stratigraphy; Seondly, the sequence stratigraphy indicators of the mainly well in time domain and space domain are established; Thirdly, on the basis of unity of the dissipation system scales, the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization model is biult; Forthly, the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization is done by single well and multiple wells; Fifthly, the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization is done under the well controlling in two dimensions and three dimentions; Sixthly, comprehensive geography analysis and reservoir prediction are done. Normalization of the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy ananlysis is benificial for quantification of the obtained results of high resolution sequnece stratigraphy and improvement of the reservoir prediction accuracy.
5. Based on the well information, the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization software was developed. The software has been applied in Xinjiang Karamai Oil Field ,Shengli Oil Field,Jilin Oil Field and Dagang Oil Field initially, and shows its good application effort.
1.在充分理解高分辨率层序地层理论基础上,首次引入耗散系统理论研究沉积耗散系统的沉积层序成因。提出了层序地层成因四要素(FAST)新理论。即沉积系统能量(F)和沉积物通量(S)和沉积耗散特征(T),可容纳空间(A)变化四种因素。
2.在层序地层成因四要素理论指导下,根据全球沉积岩石体积规模和盆地数量,提出了依据沉积体积规模(内涵系统耗散特性的时间要素)划分层序级别思想,最多可分为7个级别旋回层序。层序的空间尺度划分标准的确立,有利于层序级次概念统一和划分操作。
3.提出井信息概念,研究了井信息与高分辨率旋回的关系特征,运用信息聚焦、信息融合理论对高分辨率层序地层进行表征方法研究,获得规范的井信息高分辨率层序地层表征方法模型。开发了以井信息为主体的高分辨率层序地层表征软件。
4.在井信息高分辨率层序地层表征方法研究的基础上,应用层序地层四要素成因理论,明确提出了井信息高分辨率层序地层表征工业化应用流程和规范性建议,那就是首先研究区域沉积背景、沉积环境和沉积规模,确立高分辨层序地层划分级别;然后针对研究级别建立骨干井信息层序地层时空指示指标;第三步是在统一耗散系统尺度基础上,建立井信息高分辨率层序地层表征模型;第四步是进行井信息高分辨率层序单井和多井地层表征;第五步是井控高分辨率层序地层二维、三维表征;第六步是综合地质分析及其储层预测。
5.在新疆克拉玛依油田、胜利油田、吉林油田和大港油田进行了初步试用,包括沉积岩、火山岩碳酸盐岩地层,均取得了良好的可视化层序表征效果,也取得了较好的地质应用效果。
Through the investigation on the demestic and foreign high resolution stratigraphy theory and application, focused on the well information, based on the theory of establishing isochronous formation frame, startted with the stratigraphy genesis and evolvement, stressed on the intuition characterization method of high resolution stratigraphy by well information, the isochronous formation frame of study region is established. The favorable sand body and the distribution rule of oil and gas reservoir can be predicted. a commercial stratigraphy characterization software was developped.
The major conclusions are as follw:
1. Aimed at the controversy in the sequence stratigraphy, combined with the practical problems in high resolution sequence stratigraphy theory and application, through the analysis of the relative document,based on the systematicially analysis the limitation of A/S theory, the dissipation system theory of squence stratigraphy genesis is firstly presented and the sediment pile, diagenesis and the deposition evolvement are thought to be the result of system dissipation. The formation of deposition stratigrphy mainly depend on the energy of deposition system and the total volume of deposition. The accomdation space acts as an adjustment function, and therefore the rock sequence stratigraphy is decided by the depositional system energy(F), the deposiional flux(S) and depositional system dissipation characteristic (T), and it also is controlled by accommodation space. All of these are called four factors(FAST) theory.
2. Ander the guiding of the formation genesis four factors, considered the global sedimentary rock volume and number of basins, the classify thought is proposed: the high resolution squence stratigraphy formation frame can be set up no more than 7 levels, the smaller scales stratigraphy are taken as autocyclicity deposition, and at these scales only the depositional cycle can be analysed and the squence stratigraphy analysis need not be done. The deposition scale is a consquence of interact of sediment in time domain and apatial domain. The classify standardize of rock volume scale realized the unity of time and space, and have a better comparability, and more easily to unite the different understandings of division of squence stratigraphy.
3. Followed the instruction of squence stratigraphy and high resolution squence stratigraphy theory, the present problem in the high resolution sequence stratigraphy theory and appication are systematacially studied, within the restriction of seismic squence stratigrahy, by using high resolution character of well information, transfer the conventional division method of squence stratigraphy in which the division depend on sequence stratigraphy interface recognition and formation cycle division to using the squence stratigraphy geneisis theory .i.e.the deposition energy, accommodation space, the depositional scales and structure, depositional interface in order to gain more reliable isochronous formation frame. The sequnece stratigraphy corresponding relations are study in outcrop, core, well drilling, seismic and geograohy. The depositional environment and formation cycle character indicator are study in well drilling, mud logging, well logging, well testing, core analysis, fliud testing, production behavior,well repairing. The well information fusion and focusing theory are presented to divide the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy and the corresponding high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characteristic methods are studied.
4. Based the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization methods research with the sequnece stratigraphy genesis four factors theory, the commercial application flow chart and regulations proposal are presented. Firstly, the regional depositional background,depositional enviornment and depositional scales must be carefully studied in order to determine the division levels of high resolution sequnece stratigraphy; Seondly, the sequence stratigraphy indicators of the mainly well in time domain and space domain are established; Thirdly, on the basis of unity of the dissipation system scales, the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization model is biult; Forthly, the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization is done by single well and multiple wells; Fifthly, the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization is done under the well controlling in two dimensions and three dimentions; Sixthly, comprehensive geography analysis and reservoir prediction are done. Normalization of the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy ananlysis is benificial for quantification of the obtained results of high resolution sequnece stratigraphy and improvement of the reservoir prediction accuracy.
5. Based on the well information, the high resolution sequnece stratigraphy characterization software was developed. The software has been applied in Xinjiang Karamai Oil Field ,Shengli Oil Field,Jilin Oil Field and Dagang Oil Field initially, and shows its good application effort.
引文
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