磨细固硫渣作为大流动性混凝土掺合料试验研究
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摘要
大流动性混凝土已在实际工程中得到广泛应用。目前大流动性混凝土研究热点之一是开发新型掺合料。矿物掺合料的应用不仅可以改善混凝土的工作性和耐久性,提高混凝土强度,而且节约了水泥,具有一定的经济和环境效益。因此,矿物掺合料在混凝土中的应用具有广阔的前景。流化床燃烧技术是近年来发展起来的一种高效、低污染的清洁燃煤技术。但是
由于人们对流化床燃煤的副产物—固硫渣的认识不足,造成固硫渣多是以堆积的方式处理,造成资源的大量浪费,并带来了环境污染。本文通过试验,将磨细的固硫渣作为一种混凝土新型掺合料,等量取代水泥,研究了其对大流动性混凝土拌合物的工作性、硬化混凝土抗压强度、干燥收缩和主要耐久性能的影响。得出结论如下:
(1)由于固硫渣表面疏松多孔,使其具有较高的需水性,改善了大流动性混凝土拌合物的黏聚性,但是混凝土拌合物的坍落度略有降低,通过适当调整高效减水剂掺量就能满足大流动性混凝土坍落度的要求。
(2)由于磨细固硫渣具有自硬性和火山灰活性,磨细固硫渣等量取代水泥后,早期抗压强度(3d和14d)增加缓慢,而后期抗压强度(28d、90d和180d)增加显著,这种趋势随着磨细固硫渣掺量增加而增加。由此导致磨细固硫渣大流动性混凝土28d抗压强度与取代前混凝土抗压强度相差不多,而多数大流动性磨细固硫渣混凝土后期抗压强度(90d和180d)赶上甚至超过了取代前混凝土抗压强度。
(3)由于磨细固硫渣含有一定量硫酸盐(SO3含量约为6%),作为大流动性混凝土的掺合料,它的掺入能有效降低混凝土的干燥收缩率,且收缩率随着掺量的不断增加而逐渐降低。
(4)由于磨细固硫渣火山灰活性,增加了混凝土密实度,大流动性磨细固硫渣混凝土抗水渗透性能高;磨细固硫渣等量取代水泥后,混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能得到了提高,提高程度随磨细固硫渣掺量的增加而增加。磨细固硫渣二次反应降低了氢氧化钙的含量,导致磨细固硫渣等量取代水泥后,混凝土抗碳化性能降低,降低程度随着磨细固硫渣掺量的增加而增加;但56d的大流动磨细固硫渣混凝土最大碳化深度远小于混凝土建筑结构要求的最小保护层厚度。
由此可见,磨细固硫渣的掺入,改善了大流动性混凝土拌合物的工作性,可以提高大流动性混凝土的后期强度,在控制水胶比和掺合料掺量前提下,可提高混凝土的耐久性。
High-flowing concrete has wide application in practical projects. Development new material is a hot spots at present .The workability and durability has been improved by admixtures, and can saving cement, have certain economic benefits. The admixtures in concrete application has broad prospects.
Fluidized-bed combustion technology is a high efficient, low pollution develop clean-coal combustion technology. But the fluidized bed combustion ashes was researched insufficiency, lack of awareness for fluidized bed combustion ashes, the way of deal with fluidized bed combustion ashes is stack. So caused the waste and environment pollution. The article through experimental study on ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes-a new admixtures, replace cement for high-flowing concrete ,about the workability, compressive strength, shrinkage and durability. Some conclusions:
(1)Because the surface of ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes is loose, has higher hygroscopicity, the coherency of concrete was improved, but the slump of concretes mix has reduced slightly, through adjustment the amount of highly effective water to meet the request of slump.
(2) Because degrades in size the solid sulfur dregs to have self-hardening and pozzolanic properly, after replace cement at same weight, the compressive strength (3d and 14 d)was increased slowly at early time, the compressive strength (28d, 90d and 180 d) was increased obviously at later time .This tendency is increases with the quantity of degrades in size the solid sulfur dregs to mix to increase. The disparity of datum concrete and high-flowing concrete with ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes at 28d compressive strength is not obvious, the compressive strength of datum concrete is bigger than the compressive strength of high-flowing concrete with ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes at later time.
(3)Ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes has a litter of sulphate(the amount of SO3 about 6%), as a new kind of admixtures of high-flowing concrete admixtures, the shrinkage of concrete was reduced effectively and with the amount of admixture increases,the shrinkage was reduced gradually.Because ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes has pozzolanic properly,the compactness of concretes enhance, the anti-water percolation of high-flowing concrete with groun fine fluidized bed combustion ashes is high-level ,after replace cement at same weight, anti-chloride ion penetration has been to enhance,the level enhance with the amount of groun fine fluidized bed combustion ashes increased. Because the amount of Ca(oH)_2 reduce in second hydration, anti-carbonation has been down after replace cement at same weight,the tendency was increased with the quantity of degrades in size the solid sulfur dregs to mix to increase.But the 56d carbonization depth smaller than the smallest concrete cover depth of request for structure.
Therefore, the ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes helpful for improving the workability of high-flowing concrete, can improve long-term strength of concrete, the durability of concrete was improve by control water cement ratio and amount of admixture can.
由于人们对流化床燃煤的副产物—固硫渣的认识不足,造成固硫渣多是以堆积的方式处理,造成资源的大量浪费,并带来了环境污染。本文通过试验,将磨细的固硫渣作为一种混凝土新型掺合料,等量取代水泥,研究了其对大流动性混凝土拌合物的工作性、硬化混凝土抗压强度、干燥收缩和主要耐久性能的影响。得出结论如下:
(1)由于固硫渣表面疏松多孔,使其具有较高的需水性,改善了大流动性混凝土拌合物的黏聚性,但是混凝土拌合物的坍落度略有降低,通过适当调整高效减水剂掺量就能满足大流动性混凝土坍落度的要求。
(2)由于磨细固硫渣具有自硬性和火山灰活性,磨细固硫渣等量取代水泥后,早期抗压强度(3d和14d)增加缓慢,而后期抗压强度(28d、90d和180d)增加显著,这种趋势随着磨细固硫渣掺量增加而增加。由此导致磨细固硫渣大流动性混凝土28d抗压强度与取代前混凝土抗压强度相差不多,而多数大流动性磨细固硫渣混凝土后期抗压强度(90d和180d)赶上甚至超过了取代前混凝土抗压强度。
(3)由于磨细固硫渣含有一定量硫酸盐(SO3含量约为6%),作为大流动性混凝土的掺合料,它的掺入能有效降低混凝土的干燥收缩率,且收缩率随着掺量的不断增加而逐渐降低。
(4)由于磨细固硫渣火山灰活性,增加了混凝土密实度,大流动性磨细固硫渣混凝土抗水渗透性能高;磨细固硫渣等量取代水泥后,混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能得到了提高,提高程度随磨细固硫渣掺量的增加而增加。磨细固硫渣二次反应降低了氢氧化钙的含量,导致磨细固硫渣等量取代水泥后,混凝土抗碳化性能降低,降低程度随着磨细固硫渣掺量的增加而增加;但56d的大流动磨细固硫渣混凝土最大碳化深度远小于混凝土建筑结构要求的最小保护层厚度。
由此可见,磨细固硫渣的掺入,改善了大流动性混凝土拌合物的工作性,可以提高大流动性混凝土的后期强度,在控制水胶比和掺合料掺量前提下,可提高混凝土的耐久性。
High-flowing concrete has wide application in practical projects. Development new material is a hot spots at present .The workability and durability has been improved by admixtures, and can saving cement, have certain economic benefits. The admixtures in concrete application has broad prospects.
Fluidized-bed combustion technology is a high efficient, low pollution develop clean-coal combustion technology. But the fluidized bed combustion ashes was researched insufficiency, lack of awareness for fluidized bed combustion ashes, the way of deal with fluidized bed combustion ashes is stack. So caused the waste and environment pollution. The article through experimental study on ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes-a new admixtures, replace cement for high-flowing concrete ,about the workability, compressive strength, shrinkage and durability. Some conclusions:
(1)Because the surface of ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes is loose, has higher hygroscopicity, the coherency of concrete was improved, but the slump of concretes mix has reduced slightly, through adjustment the amount of highly effective water to meet the request of slump.
(2) Because degrades in size the solid sulfur dregs to have self-hardening and pozzolanic properly, after replace cement at same weight, the compressive strength (3d and 14 d)was increased slowly at early time, the compressive strength (28d, 90d and 180 d) was increased obviously at later time .This tendency is increases with the quantity of degrades in size the solid sulfur dregs to mix to increase. The disparity of datum concrete and high-flowing concrete with ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes at 28d compressive strength is not obvious, the compressive strength of datum concrete is bigger than the compressive strength of high-flowing concrete with ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes at later time.
(3)Ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes has a litter of sulphate(the amount of SO3 about 6%), as a new kind of admixtures of high-flowing concrete admixtures, the shrinkage of concrete was reduced effectively and with the amount of admixture increases,the shrinkage was reduced gradually.Because ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes has pozzolanic properly,the compactness of concretes enhance, the anti-water percolation of high-flowing concrete with groun fine fluidized bed combustion ashes is high-level ,after replace cement at same weight, anti-chloride ion penetration has been to enhance,the level enhance with the amount of groun fine fluidized bed combustion ashes increased. Because the amount of Ca(oH)_2 reduce in second hydration, anti-carbonation has been down after replace cement at same weight,the tendency was increased with the quantity of degrades in size the solid sulfur dregs to mix to increase.But the 56d carbonization depth smaller than the smallest concrete cover depth of request for structure.
Therefore, the ground fine fluidized bed combustion ashes helpful for improving the workability of high-flowing concrete, can improve long-term strength of concrete, the durability of concrete was improve by control water cement ratio and amount of admixture can.
引文
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[3]李继业,刘福胜.新型混凝土实用技术手册[M],化学工业出版社,65-66.
[4]赵若鹏,吴配刚,郭自力,刘元鹤.掺粉煤灰的80Map高强大流动性混凝土研究[J].工业建筑,2002(2):12-14.
[5]赵若鹏,郭自力,刘元鹤.C110高强度大流动性混凝土研究[J].工业建筑,2006(36):833-834.
[6]吴建华.高强高性能大掺量粉煤灰混凝土研究[D].重庆大学, 2004.
[7]邓初首.粉煤灰在大流动性混凝土中的应用[J].粉煤灰,2004(3):16-17.
[8]鲁俊蓉.c60大流动性高性能混凝土研究[J].陕西水利.
[9]王长瑞,高振国.大流动性粉煤灰混凝土配置技术研究[J].粉煤灰综合利用,2008(1):14-17.
[10] Takada T, Hashimoto I, Tsutsumi K.Utilization of coal ash from fluidized bed combustion boilers as road base material[J]. Resources Conservation and Recycling, 1995,14(2):69–77.
[11]Pandey K, Canty GA, AtalayA. Fluidized bed ash as a soil stabilizer in highway construction[J]. Geotechnical Special Publications, 1995,46(2):1422–1436.
[12]Havlica J, Brandstetr J, Odler I.Possibilities of utilizing solid residues from pressured fluidized bed coal combustion (PSBC) for the production of blended cements[J]. Cement and Concrete Research.1998, 28(2):299–307.
[13]Nader G, Garcia MCA. CoMPacted non-cement concrete utilizing fluidized bed and pulverized coal combustion by-products[J]. ACI Materials Journal, 1998, 95(5): 582–591.
[14]梁文泉.固硫渣混合水泥的研究及钙矾石相得定量分析[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,1994(10).
[15]赵风清,刘鹏蛟,武振刚,固硫灰渣水泥的开发[J].粉煤灰综合利用,2006(6):39-40.
[16]Demir I, Hughes R E, De Maris P J.Formation and use of coal combustion residues from three types power plants burning Illinois coals[J].Fuel, 2001, 80(11): 1659–1673.
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