基于OFDM的弹性波透地通信中调制技术的研究
|
摘要
本论文在阅读大量相关文献的基础上,分析了弹性波调制技术在透地通信中的重要性,论述了在复杂环境下无线通信及其调制技术的发展现状,针对弹性波在大地信道中的传输特性和衰减特性,设计了弹性波透地通信系统,对弹性波OFDM的调制技术进行了分析和研究。
论文主要对弹性波OFDM调制过程中,如何抑制出现的峰均功率比,OFDM调制参数的选取,子载波的划分,子载波调制方式的选取,子载波比特分配以及信道编码等技术进行了研究。通过分析对比抑制峰均功率比中的编码方法、加扰码方法和限幅方法,为降低整个透地系统的复杂度和其对传输速率的影响,选取限幅和峰值加窗技术来消除弹性波的峰均功率比问题。根据弹性波在大地信道中的传输路径,分析多径时延扩展,在保证系统传输速率和频带利用率的基础上,确定保护间隔长度、OFDM符号周期长度。分析对比MQAM调制方式和MPSK调制方式后,根据大地信道的衰减特性,选取了抗噪声性能强的MPSK调制方式。根据前面算出的OFDM调制参数和弹性波适合透地传输的频段,计算出子载波间隔,并在弹性波频段内划分了10个子载波。根据子载波调制方式和子载波数,选取了误码率较小的Fischer算法作为子载波比特分配算法,结合OFDM调制,选取在较低信噪比下仍能保证传输速率的Turbo编码作为信道编码方案。最后论文对前面的理论研究进行了仿真验证,并对仿真结果进行了分析。
本文对弹性波透地通信中OFDM调制技术进行了研究,为弹性波透地通信的应用打下了基础,但大地信道复杂,对弹性波的调制还需要进行更深入的研究。
In this paper, the importance of the elastic wave modulation technique in the through-the-earth communication system is analyzed, based on a number of related references. The present development situation of wireless communication and modulation technology in complex environment are presented. The elastic wave through-the-earth communication system aiming at the transmission characteristics and attenuation in the earth channel is designed, with the analysis and studies on OFDM modulation technology of elastic wave.
This paper mainly studies on how to suppress PAPR, selecting OFDM modulation parameters, dividing subcarrier, selecting subcarrier modulation modes, subcarriers'bit allocation merger, and channel coding. After analyzing and comparing encoding method, scrambling code method and amplitude clipping method, the amplitude clipping and peak window technologies are chosen to suppress elastic wave's PAPR problem, so that the complexity of the through-the-earth communication system and the impact on the transmission rate will be reduced. The multipath time delay is analyzed according to elastic wave transmitting track in the earth channel. And guard interval length and OFDM signal circle length are established to ensure the system transfer rate and spectrum availability ratio. After analyzing and comparing MQAM and MPSK modulation, according to the earth channel's attenuation specification, MPSK modulation is slected which has better ability in anti-noise. On the basis of calculating OFDM modulation parameters and frequency band suitable for elastic wave through-the-earth transition, subcarrier intervals are figured out and the elastic wave frequency band is divided into ten subcarriers. On the subcarrier's modulation and number, Fischer algorithm with less bit error rate is selected as subcarrier bit allocation algorithm. Combining with OFDM modulation, Turbo encoding is as the channel encoding scheme which can ensure high transfer rate under lower SNR circumstances. Finally the simulation is made and the simulation results are analyzed.
OFDM modulation technology in the elastic wave through-the-earth communication is studied in this paper, which lays foundations for the application of elastic wave through-the-earth communication. However, because of the complex earth channel, the elastic wave modulation needs further research.
论文主要对弹性波OFDM调制过程中,如何抑制出现的峰均功率比,OFDM调制参数的选取,子载波的划分,子载波调制方式的选取,子载波比特分配以及信道编码等技术进行了研究。通过分析对比抑制峰均功率比中的编码方法、加扰码方法和限幅方法,为降低整个透地系统的复杂度和其对传输速率的影响,选取限幅和峰值加窗技术来消除弹性波的峰均功率比问题。根据弹性波在大地信道中的传输路径,分析多径时延扩展,在保证系统传输速率和频带利用率的基础上,确定保护间隔长度、OFDM符号周期长度。分析对比MQAM调制方式和MPSK调制方式后,根据大地信道的衰减特性,选取了抗噪声性能强的MPSK调制方式。根据前面算出的OFDM调制参数和弹性波适合透地传输的频段,计算出子载波间隔,并在弹性波频段内划分了10个子载波。根据子载波调制方式和子载波数,选取了误码率较小的Fischer算法作为子载波比特分配算法,结合OFDM调制,选取在较低信噪比下仍能保证传输速率的Turbo编码作为信道编码方案。最后论文对前面的理论研究进行了仿真验证,并对仿真结果进行了分析。
本文对弹性波透地通信中OFDM调制技术进行了研究,为弹性波透地通信的应用打下了基础,但大地信道复杂,对弹性波的调制还需要进行更深入的研究。
In this paper, the importance of the elastic wave modulation technique in the through-the-earth communication system is analyzed, based on a number of related references. The present development situation of wireless communication and modulation technology in complex environment are presented. The elastic wave through-the-earth communication system aiming at the transmission characteristics and attenuation in the earth channel is designed, with the analysis and studies on OFDM modulation technology of elastic wave.
This paper mainly studies on how to suppress PAPR, selecting OFDM modulation parameters, dividing subcarrier, selecting subcarrier modulation modes, subcarriers'bit allocation merger, and channel coding. After analyzing and comparing encoding method, scrambling code method and amplitude clipping method, the amplitude clipping and peak window technologies are chosen to suppress elastic wave's PAPR problem, so that the complexity of the through-the-earth communication system and the impact on the transmission rate will be reduced. The multipath time delay is analyzed according to elastic wave transmitting track in the earth channel. And guard interval length and OFDM signal circle length are established to ensure the system transfer rate and spectrum availability ratio. After analyzing and comparing MQAM and MPSK modulation, according to the earth channel's attenuation specification, MPSK modulation is slected which has better ability in anti-noise. On the basis of calculating OFDM modulation parameters and frequency band suitable for elastic wave through-the-earth transition, subcarrier intervals are figured out and the elastic wave frequency band is divided into ten subcarriers. On the subcarrier's modulation and number, Fischer algorithm with less bit error rate is selected as subcarrier bit allocation algorithm. Combining with OFDM modulation, Turbo encoding is as the channel encoding scheme which can ensure high transfer rate under lower SNR circumstances. Finally the simulation is made and the simulation results are analyzed.
OFDM modulation technology in the elastic wave through-the-earth communication is studied in this paper, which lays foundations for the application of elastic wave through-the-earth communication. However, because of the complex earth channel, the elastic wave modulation needs further research.
引文
1.彭木根,王文博.下一代宽带无线通信系统[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2007
2.刘雪燕.基于扩频通信的跳频射频源的研究[D],湖北：武汉理工大学,2005
3.朱广生,陈传仁,桂志先.勘探地震学教程[M].武昌：武汉大学出版社,2005
4.熊艳荣.低频透地通信系统机理研究[D],四川：成都理工大学,2007
5. Frederick H.Raab. Signal processing for through-the-earth electromagnetic system[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Applicat.1995 Vol.43, No.12:2995-3003
6.刘晓佩.矿井透地扩频通信系统的应用研究[D],陕西：西安科技大学,2004
7.邓敏.基于OFDM的声波透地通信相关技术的研究[D].青岛：山东科技大学,2009
8.张清毅,朱建铭.透地通信信道特性的研究[J],电波科学学报,1999,14(1)：36-40
9.彭小娟,刘世安.正交频分复用技术原理与应用[J],IC应用,2004,(10)：63-67
10.王明华,桑恩芳,乔钢.高速水声通信中正交频分复用技术试验研究[J],海洋工程,2006,24(4)：100-104,115
11.尹长川,罗涛,乐光新.多载波宽带无线通信技术[M].北京：北京邮电大学出版社,2004
12.张庆辉,尹辉.基于扩频技术的矿井透地通信系统研究[J],矿业安全与环保,2008,35(4)：28-29,32
13.陈海涛.非均匀介质中弹性波的传播[J],湖南工业大学学报,2008,22(4)：26-29
14.林凤兰.声波透射法在地下连续墙完整性检测中的应用[J],隧道建设,2009,29(6)：641-644
15.汪裕民.OFDM关键技术与应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2007
16.孙翠珍.正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中信道估计算法的研究[D],陕西：西安科技大学,2005
17.宋亚梅.OFDM关键技术研究以及DSP实现[D],江苏：南京航空航天大学,2006
18.李喆.OFDM关键技术研究及仿真[D],北京：北京交通大学,2006
19.王洪强.OFDM调制／解调的FPGA实现[J],通信与广播电视,2009,(1)：5-10
20.俞春华,刘艳国.基于OFDM的数字调幅广播系统软件设计[J],通信与广播电视,2007,(4)：39-47
21.孙妍.OFDM系统仿真与及其应用研究[D],四川：四川大学,2005
22. Athanasios Doukas, Grigorios Kalivas. Analysis and performance evaluation of a pilot-aided interpolated channel estimator for OFDM systems[J], Computers & Electrical Engineering,2010,36(3):414-423
23.吕卫华.OFDM中频和基带信号处理系统设计[D],江苏：南京航空航天大学,2006
24.黄凌鹤,陈光,王颖.多带OFDM超宽带系统多址技术研究[J],信息技术,2008,(1)：117-120
25. Khoa N. Le. Inter-carrier interference power of OFDM in a uniform scattering channel[J], Computer Communications,2008,31(17):4130-4135
26.刘晓佩,黄健,刘凌志.一种数字化矿井透地通信系统实现方案[J],工矿自动化,2006,(4)：1-3
27.崔健,黄建国.OFDM水声通信中的综合多普勒补偿方法[J],计算机工程与应用,2008,44(1)：129-131,134
28.郭建强.地质灾害勘查地球物理技术手册[M].北京：地质出版社,2003
29.陈海涛.非均匀介质中弹性波的传播[J],湖南工业大学学报,2008,22(4)：26-29
30.张海滨.正交频分复用的基本原理与关键技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2006
31.吴杰.OFDM的频率同步与自适应传输[D],陕西：西安电子科技大学,2007
32.何波,李军,林家儒.衰落信道中OFDM系统子载波自适应MPSK调制[J],北京邮电大学学报,2006,29(2)：106-109
33.袁晓芳,刘耀东,张洪顺.基于自适应调制的OFDM系统[J],通信对抗,2006,(1)：43-46
34.廖日坤,庄蔚然,张立民.基于FFT实现的OFDM信道调制解调的仿真与研究[J],南开大学学报,2007,40(6)：91-94,99
35.周玉娟,程韧.OFDM信号调制类型盲检测研究[J],通信技术,2008,1(40)：4-5,8
36. Yonghong Zeng, A. Rahim Leyman. A pilot-based fast algorithm for joint estimation of frequency offset and channel in OFDM[J], Signal Processing,2006,86(10):3076-3084
37. Abbas Hasan Kattoush, Waleed A. Mahmoud, S. Nihad. The performance of multiwavelets based OFDM system under different channel conditions[J], Digital Signal Processing, 2010,20(2):472-482
38.孙妍.OFDM系统仿真与关键技术研究[D],吉林：吉林大学,2006
39.刘颖,何忠秋.OFDM系统的仿真与性能分析[J],应用科技,2008,35(1)：48-51
40.王志杨.OFDM系统设计与仿真[D],黑龙江：哈尔滨工业大学,2006
41.刘彤,苏天明,孙建.岩石声波差异衰减特征及工程应用前景探讨[J],地球物理学进展,2005,20(3)：822-827
42.Ronghong Mo, Yong Huat Chew, Tjeng Thiang Tjhung, Chi Chung Ko. New blind frequency offset estimator for OFDM systems over frequency selective fading channels[J], Signal Processing,2007,87(1):148-161
43.谭泽富,聂祥飞,王海宝.OFDM的关键技术及应用[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2005
44. Arvind Kumar, Rajoo Pandey. A bandwidth-efficient method for cancellation of ICI in OFDM systems[J], AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications,,63(7): 569-575
45.申晓红,黄建国,周倩,修建.OFDM水声通信基带传输及试验研究[J],西北工业大学学报,2008,26(3)：271-275
46. Li Zhang, Wei Heng. Cross-layer adaptive modulation and coding design for space-time block coded MIMO-OFDM systems[J], Computer Communications,2009,32(3):540-545
47.吴诗其,朱立东.通信系统概论[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2007,54-58
48. Roling.H R Grunheld. Performance comparison of different multiple access schemes for the downlink of an OFDM Communication system[J]. Proc.IEEE VTC'97. Phoenix, AZ, 1997,5:1365-1369
49. Hojin Ha, Changhoon Yim, Young Yong Kim. Cross-layer multiuser resource allocation for video communication over OFDM networks[J], Computer Communications,2008, 31(15):3553-3563
50. Abbas Hasan Kattoush, Waleed A. Mahmoud, S. Nihad. The performance of multiwavelets based OFDM system under different channel conditions[J], Digital Signal Processing, Volume 20, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 472-482
51. Arvind Kumar, Rajoo Pandey. A bandwidth-efficient method for cancellation of ICI in OFDM systems[J], AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Volume 63, Issue 7, July 2009, Pages 569-575
52. C. Geetha Priya, M. Suganthi. Two symbol timing estimation methods using Barker and Kasami sequence as preamble for OFDM-based WLAN systems[J], Signal Processing, Volume 90, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 2177-2189
53. Jyh-Horng Wen, Gwo-Ruey Lee, Te-Lung Kung, Shu-Hong Lee. PN code-aided timing estimation, channel estimation and signal compensation in OFDM systems[J], Digital Signal Processing, Volume 20, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 860-868
54.H.考尔斯基著,王仁等译：《固体中的应力波》,科学出版社,北京,1958
55.肖红兵,鞠晓东,卢俊强.随钻声波测井仪控制和数据处理系统设计[J],测井技术,2009,33(6)：555-558
56.刘嘉,冯红勇,李彦.一种基于OFDM技术的跳频通信系统[J], DSP开发与应用,2008,24(1-2)：176-178
57. Seung Hee Han, Jae Hong Lee. Modified Selected Mapping Technique for PAPR Reduce of Coded OFDM Signal[J]. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting,2004,50(3):335-341.
58.郭岭,郭振民.降低OFDM峰均功率比技术综述[J].现代电子技术,2002,11：59-61.
59. Ryu H G, Youn K J. A new PAPR reduction scheme[J]. SPW(subblock phase weighting): Consumer Electronics,2002:81-89.
60.韩湘,魏急波.一种新的时变多径环境下OFDM系统参数选取方法[J],系统仿真学报,2005,17(10)：2459-2466
61.蒋剑飞,郭里婷.无线移动通信中的OFDM系统参数设计方法[J],信息技术,2007,(12)：33-40
62. C. Desceliers, C. Soize, Q. Grimal, G. Haiat, S. Naili. A time-domain method to solve transient elastic wave propagation in a multilayer medium with a hybrid spectral-finite element space approximation. Wave Motion, Volume 45, Issue 4, March 2008, Pages 383-399
63.潘伟铿,王永学,陈芳炯.基于多用户MIMO-OFDM系统的自适应子载波和比特分配算法[J],技术探讨,2006：90-92
64.郭凯,孙群龙,卫国,朱近康.OFDM系统中多业务间子载波借调自适应资源分配方法[J],电子与信息学报,2006,28(8)：1345-1349
65.刘东华.Turbo码原理与应用技术[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2004,68-69
66.孙屹,李妍.MATLAB通信仿真开发手册[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2005
2.刘雪燕.基于扩频通信的跳频射频源的研究[D],湖北：武汉理工大学,2005
3.朱广生,陈传仁,桂志先.勘探地震学教程[M].武昌：武汉大学出版社,2005
4.熊艳荣.低频透地通信系统机理研究[D],四川：成都理工大学,2007
5. Frederick H.Raab. Signal processing for through-the-earth electromagnetic system[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Applicat.1995 Vol.43, No.12:2995-3003
6.刘晓佩.矿井透地扩频通信系统的应用研究[D],陕西：西安科技大学,2004
7.邓敏.基于OFDM的声波透地通信相关技术的研究[D].青岛：山东科技大学,2009
8.张清毅,朱建铭.透地通信信道特性的研究[J],电波科学学报,1999,14(1)：36-40
9.彭小娟,刘世安.正交频分复用技术原理与应用[J],IC应用,2004,(10)：63-67
10.王明华,桑恩芳,乔钢.高速水声通信中正交频分复用技术试验研究[J],海洋工程,2006,24(4)：100-104,115
11.尹长川,罗涛,乐光新.多载波宽带无线通信技术[M].北京：北京邮电大学出版社,2004
12.张庆辉,尹辉.基于扩频技术的矿井透地通信系统研究[J],矿业安全与环保,2008,35(4)：28-29,32
13.陈海涛.非均匀介质中弹性波的传播[J],湖南工业大学学报,2008,22(4)：26-29
14.林凤兰.声波透射法在地下连续墙完整性检测中的应用[J],隧道建设,2009,29(6)：641-644
15.汪裕民.OFDM关键技术与应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2007
16.孙翠珍.正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中信道估计算法的研究[D],陕西：西安科技大学,2005
17.宋亚梅.OFDM关键技术研究以及DSP实现[D],江苏：南京航空航天大学,2006
18.李喆.OFDM关键技术研究及仿真[D],北京：北京交通大学,2006
19.王洪强.OFDM调制／解调的FPGA实现[J],通信与广播电视,2009,(1)：5-10
20.俞春华,刘艳国.基于OFDM的数字调幅广播系统软件设计[J],通信与广播电视,2007,(4)：39-47
21.孙妍.OFDM系统仿真与及其应用研究[D],四川：四川大学,2005
22. Athanasios Doukas, Grigorios Kalivas. Analysis and performance evaluation of a pilot-aided interpolated channel estimator for OFDM systems[J], Computers & Electrical Engineering,2010,36(3):414-423
23.吕卫华.OFDM中频和基带信号处理系统设计[D],江苏：南京航空航天大学,2006
24.黄凌鹤,陈光,王颖.多带OFDM超宽带系统多址技术研究[J],信息技术,2008,(1)：117-120
25. Khoa N. Le. Inter-carrier interference power of OFDM in a uniform scattering channel[J], Computer Communications,2008,31(17):4130-4135
26.刘晓佩,黄健,刘凌志.一种数字化矿井透地通信系统实现方案[J],工矿自动化,2006,(4)：1-3
27.崔健,黄建国.OFDM水声通信中的综合多普勒补偿方法[J],计算机工程与应用,2008,44(1)：129-131,134
28.郭建强.地质灾害勘查地球物理技术手册[M].北京：地质出版社,2003
29.陈海涛.非均匀介质中弹性波的传播[J],湖南工业大学学报,2008,22(4)：26-29
30.张海滨.正交频分复用的基本原理与关键技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2006
31.吴杰.OFDM的频率同步与自适应传输[D],陕西：西安电子科技大学,2007
32.何波,李军,林家儒.衰落信道中OFDM系统子载波自适应MPSK调制[J],北京邮电大学学报,2006,29(2)：106-109
33.袁晓芳,刘耀东,张洪顺.基于自适应调制的OFDM系统[J],通信对抗,2006,(1)：43-46
34.廖日坤,庄蔚然,张立民.基于FFT实现的OFDM信道调制解调的仿真与研究[J],南开大学学报,2007,40(6)：91-94,99
35.周玉娟,程韧.OFDM信号调制类型盲检测研究[J],通信技术,2008,1(40)：4-5,8
36. Yonghong Zeng, A. Rahim Leyman. A pilot-based fast algorithm for joint estimation of frequency offset and channel in OFDM[J], Signal Processing,2006,86(10):3076-3084
37. Abbas Hasan Kattoush, Waleed A. Mahmoud, S. Nihad. The performance of multiwavelets based OFDM system under different channel conditions[J], Digital Signal Processing, 2010,20(2):472-482
38.孙妍.OFDM系统仿真与关键技术研究[D],吉林：吉林大学,2006
39.刘颖,何忠秋.OFDM系统的仿真与性能分析[J],应用科技,2008,35(1)：48-51
40.王志杨.OFDM系统设计与仿真[D],黑龙江：哈尔滨工业大学,2006
41.刘彤,苏天明,孙建.岩石声波差异衰减特征及工程应用前景探讨[J],地球物理学进展,2005,20(3)：822-827
42.Ronghong Mo, Yong Huat Chew, Tjeng Thiang Tjhung, Chi Chung Ko. New blind frequency offset estimator for OFDM systems over frequency selective fading channels[J], Signal Processing,2007,87(1):148-161
43.谭泽富,聂祥飞,王海宝.OFDM的关键技术及应用[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2005
44. Arvind Kumar, Rajoo Pandey. A bandwidth-efficient method for cancellation of ICI in OFDM systems[J], AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications,,63(7): 569-575
45.申晓红,黄建国,周倩,修建.OFDM水声通信基带传输及试验研究[J],西北工业大学学报,2008,26(3)：271-275
46. Li Zhang, Wei Heng. Cross-layer adaptive modulation and coding design for space-time block coded MIMO-OFDM systems[J], Computer Communications,2009,32(3):540-545
47.吴诗其,朱立东.通信系统概论[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2007,54-58
48. Roling.H R Grunheld. Performance comparison of different multiple access schemes for the downlink of an OFDM Communication system[J]. Proc.IEEE VTC'97. Phoenix, AZ, 1997,5:1365-1369
49. Hojin Ha, Changhoon Yim, Young Yong Kim. Cross-layer multiuser resource allocation for video communication over OFDM networks[J], Computer Communications,2008, 31(15):3553-3563
50. Abbas Hasan Kattoush, Waleed A. Mahmoud, S. Nihad. The performance of multiwavelets based OFDM system under different channel conditions[J], Digital Signal Processing, Volume 20, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 472-482
51. Arvind Kumar, Rajoo Pandey. A bandwidth-efficient method for cancellation of ICI in OFDM systems[J], AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Volume 63, Issue 7, July 2009, Pages 569-575
52. C. Geetha Priya, M. Suganthi. Two symbol timing estimation methods using Barker and Kasami sequence as preamble for OFDM-based WLAN systems[J], Signal Processing, Volume 90, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 2177-2189
53. Jyh-Horng Wen, Gwo-Ruey Lee, Te-Lung Kung, Shu-Hong Lee. PN code-aided timing estimation, channel estimation and signal compensation in OFDM systems[J], Digital Signal Processing, Volume 20, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 860-868
54.H.考尔斯基著,王仁等译：《固体中的应力波》,科学出版社,北京,1958
55.肖红兵,鞠晓东,卢俊强.随钻声波测井仪控制和数据处理系统设计[J],测井技术,2009,33(6)：555-558
56.刘嘉,冯红勇,李彦.一种基于OFDM技术的跳频通信系统[J], DSP开发与应用,2008,24(1-2)：176-178
57. Seung Hee Han, Jae Hong Lee. Modified Selected Mapping Technique for PAPR Reduce of Coded OFDM Signal[J]. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting,2004,50(3):335-341.
58.郭岭,郭振民.降低OFDM峰均功率比技术综述[J].现代电子技术,2002,11：59-61.
59. Ryu H G, Youn K J. A new PAPR reduction scheme[J]. SPW(subblock phase weighting): Consumer Electronics,2002:81-89.
60.韩湘,魏急波.一种新的时变多径环境下OFDM系统参数选取方法[J],系统仿真学报,2005,17(10)：2459-2466
61.蒋剑飞,郭里婷.无线移动通信中的OFDM系统参数设计方法[J],信息技术,2007,(12)：33-40
62. C. Desceliers, C. Soize, Q. Grimal, G. Haiat, S. Naili. A time-domain method to solve transient elastic wave propagation in a multilayer medium with a hybrid spectral-finite element space approximation. Wave Motion, Volume 45, Issue 4, March 2008, Pages 383-399
63.潘伟铿,王永学,陈芳炯.基于多用户MIMO-OFDM系统的自适应子载波和比特分配算法[J],技术探讨,2006：90-92
64.郭凯,孙群龙,卫国,朱近康.OFDM系统中多业务间子载波借调自适应资源分配方法[J],电子与信息学报,2006,28(8)：1345-1349
65.刘东华.Turbo码原理与应用技术[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2004,68-69
66.孙屹,李妍.MATLAB通信仿真开发手册[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2005