干熄焦制气多联产一体化技术研究与开发
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摘要
干熄焦技术是冶金和炼焦行业近年来发展的新工艺,由于其在节能、环保和提高焦炭质量等方面的优点已经在世界范围内得到应用和推广。我国自从上世纪80年代开始引进,目前已有一百多套干熄焦装置投产运行,但是我国对干熄焦技术的研究还处于引进改造阶段,设备国产化、大型化、系列化的水平还不高。联系到合成气的制备现状、焦炉煤气制合成气的工艺条件及现行焦炉煤气没有充分利用的现实,本文进行了干熄焦造气工艺的研究。
干熄焦造气工艺以焦炉煤气和水蒸汽为冷却介质,冷却介质带走炙热焦炭的显热,同时在熄焦的环境中焦炉煤气和水蒸汽会发生焦炉煤气的转化反应,部分焦炭也会和水蒸汽发生气化反应,最后生成的富含H2、CO和CO2的合成气,冷却介质不再循环使用,生成的合成气可以经过简单处理作为工业原料。冷却介质中的H2还会和高温焦炭中的硫分反应生成H2S降低焦炭的含硫量。因此焦炉煤气和水蒸汽联合熄焦的干熄焦造气工艺具有显著的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。
本文依据现有干熄焦技术和焦炉煤气制合成气的工艺技术进行了干熄焦造气工艺的研究,具体内容和结果如下:
1)依据现有干熄焦技术和焦炉煤气制合成气工艺提出了干熄焦造气工艺过程的流程,探讨了干熄焦造气过程的原理,了解了干熄焦造气过程中主要发生的反应,介绍了干熄焦造气过程的优点。
2)利用干熄焦造气过程的特点,分别建立干熄焦造气过程的Mathcad和PRO/Ⅱ计算模型,计算出合成气的出口流量及组成,同时从热力学第二定律分析了干熄焦造气过程的有效能效率。
3)根据干熄焦造气模型的计算考察了干熄焦造气过程中各个工艺参数对合成气流量、组成、合成气出口温度、熄焦温度及有效能效率的影响。
Coke dry quenching (CDQ) is a new technology used in metallurgy and coking recently. As CDQ has energy saving, environmental protection, coke quality improvement and so on, it develops very fast, and is widely used by big steal plants in diferent countries. Our country began to introduce CDQ tecnology from 80 20th century, there are more than 100 of devices of CDQ now. But our research on the CDQ technology is still in the stage of introducing and reforming, the level of the large-scale of CDQ furnace designing and building by ourselve is not high. Based on the situation of generating of synthesis gas, the conditions of the coke oven gas processing for synthesis gas and the current reality with coke oven gas not taking full advantage of, this paper presents a new technique of CDQ syngs making.
Coke dry quenching and syngas making uses the coke oven gas and steam as the cooling medium, the cooling medium transfer the heat of the red coke, at the same time, the steam begin to react with the coke oven gas and a little of part coke to generate the syngas which has consist of H2 CO and CO2. The cooling medium doesn’t recycle to use, and the syngas could be used as the raw material after simple disposal. In addition the hydrogen of the coke oven gas could decreases the sulfur content of coke through the reaction with the sulfur content in hot coke. Therefore, the process of coke dry quenching and syngas making has obvious economic performance, environmental benefits and social benefits.
Based on technologies of the CDQ and synthesis gas with coke oven gas processing, we proposed the process of the coke dry quenching and syngas making. In this paper we carried out a preliminary study, this paper focuses its work mainly on the followings and results are obtained:
1) In this paper, the coke dry quenching and syngas making is proposed. We studied the processes and principles of this technology, and knows the main reaction in this process, and introduce the many advantages of this technology.
2) Models of Mathcad and PRO/Ⅱare established based on the the thermodynamics characteristics of the new technology of coke dry quenching and syngas making, and the flowrate and the composition of the syngas are calculated. At the same time, we study the exergy efficiency of the new technology.
3) According to the calculation of models of mathcad and PRO/Ⅱ, we researched effect of the parameters on the flowrate,composition and temperature of syngas,and temperature of coke quenching and exergy efficiency.
干熄焦造气工艺以焦炉煤气和水蒸汽为冷却介质,冷却介质带走炙热焦炭的显热,同时在熄焦的环境中焦炉煤气和水蒸汽会发生焦炉煤气的转化反应,部分焦炭也会和水蒸汽发生气化反应,最后生成的富含H2、CO和CO2的合成气,冷却介质不再循环使用,生成的合成气可以经过简单处理作为工业原料。冷却介质中的H2还会和高温焦炭中的硫分反应生成H2S降低焦炭的含硫量。因此焦炉煤气和水蒸汽联合熄焦的干熄焦造气工艺具有显著的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。
本文依据现有干熄焦技术和焦炉煤气制合成气的工艺技术进行了干熄焦造气工艺的研究,具体内容和结果如下:
1)依据现有干熄焦技术和焦炉煤气制合成气工艺提出了干熄焦造气工艺过程的流程,探讨了干熄焦造气过程的原理,了解了干熄焦造气过程中主要发生的反应,介绍了干熄焦造气过程的优点。
2)利用干熄焦造气过程的特点,分别建立干熄焦造气过程的Mathcad和PRO/Ⅱ计算模型,计算出合成气的出口流量及组成,同时从热力学第二定律分析了干熄焦造气过程的有效能效率。
3)根据干熄焦造气模型的计算考察了干熄焦造气过程中各个工艺参数对合成气流量、组成、合成气出口温度、熄焦温度及有效能效率的影响。
Coke dry quenching (CDQ) is a new technology used in metallurgy and coking recently. As CDQ has energy saving, environmental protection, coke quality improvement and so on, it develops very fast, and is widely used by big steal plants in diferent countries. Our country began to introduce CDQ tecnology from 80 20th century, there are more than 100 of devices of CDQ now. But our research on the CDQ technology is still in the stage of introducing and reforming, the level of the large-scale of CDQ furnace designing and building by ourselve is not high. Based on the situation of generating of synthesis gas, the conditions of the coke oven gas processing for synthesis gas and the current reality with coke oven gas not taking full advantage of, this paper presents a new technique of CDQ syngs making.
Coke dry quenching and syngas making uses the coke oven gas and steam as the cooling medium, the cooling medium transfer the heat of the red coke, at the same time, the steam begin to react with the coke oven gas and a little of part coke to generate the syngas which has consist of H2 CO and CO2. The cooling medium doesn’t recycle to use, and the syngas could be used as the raw material after simple disposal. In addition the hydrogen of the coke oven gas could decreases the sulfur content of coke through the reaction with the sulfur content in hot coke. Therefore, the process of coke dry quenching and syngas making has obvious economic performance, environmental benefits and social benefits.
Based on technologies of the CDQ and synthesis gas with coke oven gas processing, we proposed the process of the coke dry quenching and syngas making. In this paper we carried out a preliminary study, this paper focuses its work mainly on the followings and results are obtained:
1) In this paper, the coke dry quenching and syngas making is proposed. We studied the processes and principles of this technology, and knows the main reaction in this process, and introduce the many advantages of this technology.
2) Models of Mathcad and PRO/Ⅱare established based on the the thermodynamics characteristics of the new technology of coke dry quenching and syngas making, and the flowrate and the composition of the syngas are calculated. At the same time, we study the exergy efficiency of the new technology.
3) According to the calculation of models of mathcad and PRO/Ⅱ, we researched effect of the parameters on the flowrate,composition and temperature of syngas,and temperature of coke quenching and exergy efficiency.
引文
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[16]丁振亭.德士古重油气化炉的应用与改进[J],化工设计,1994:2,146.
[17]聂木林.谢尔气化工艺SGP[J],大氮肥,1994:2,146.
[18] Zhang Yong Fa, A new techonogy of three products from coal based on a L T integratd apparatus [J], Proceeding of workshop on coal gasification for chean and secure energy for china, Beijing, 2003,235-246.
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[22] Ib Dybkjcer.Tubular Reforming and Autothermal Reforming of Natural Gas-an overview of Arailable Processes[J].Fuel Precess Technology,1995,42:85-107.
[23]汪家铭.焦炉煤气综合利用制取氮肥和甲醇[J].化肥工业,2006,33(3):9-60.
[24]杜明杰,李军.焦炉煤气常压非催化转化制合成气技术的应用[J].中氮肥,2005,16(6):41-42.
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[26]唐惠庆,刘军利,郭占成.炼焦过程氧化铅高温焦炉煤气均相脱硫的研究.燃料化学学报[J],2003,31(5):485-489.
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[28] Braekman-Danheux C, Cypres R, Fontana A ,Van Hoegaerden M.Coal hydromethanolysis with coke-oven gas: 2. Influence of the coke-oven gas components on pyrolysis yields. Fuel, 1995,74(1): 17-1.
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