铁合金用新型还原剂复合焦的研究
|
摘要
铁合金的生产目前主要是以各种矿石为原料,以铁合金焦作还原剂,在电炉内发生反应制取的。其中还原剂是铁合金冶炼过程中的重要辅料,长期以来,铁合金焦是用于铁合金冶炼最好的还原剂。但随着钢铁行业的迅速发展导致了炼焦煤资源的紧缺,使炼焦煤价格大幅度上涨,严重影响了铁合金企业的经济效益。为缓解现在炼焦煤资源匮乏、价格不断上涨的问题,开发出一种来源更为广泛,价格更低廉的炭质还原剂势在必行。本研究针对这一问题,采用来源更为广泛,价格相对较低的煤为原料制备新型煤基还原剂。
本研究主要采用焦煤以及褐煤为原料,制备替代铁合金焦用于铁合金生产的煤基还原剂。主要内容有①在单因素试验条件下,分别研究褐煤与焦煤配比、结焦温度、结焦时间、原煤粒度等与新型煤基还原剂性质的关系。②通过正交试验,得出最佳的焦化条件。③对新型煤基还原剂的性质进行测定并与铁合金焦的性质作比较。
通过实验研究以及新型煤基还原剂的性能测定,得到①褐煤在原煤中的比例越高,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性越大,机械强度越小。当褐煤所占比例达到25%时,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻14.8Ω·cm,反应性50.8%,机械强度为71.2%。②结焦温度越高,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性越小,机械强度越大,且在本试验条件范围内,结焦温度与新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性接近线性关系。③结焦时间越长,在本试验条件范围内,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性越小,机械强度越大。④原煤粒度在1.0mm-1.4mm之间的新型煤基还原剂的性质最好。⑤通过正交试验确定最佳焦化条件是:原煤粒度在1.0mm-1.4mm,结焦温度为800℃,结焦时间为2小时,褐煤所占比例为15%;此时的新型煤基还原剂的比电阻为7.0Ω·cm,反应性为41.2%,机械强度为92.0%。符合中国冶金标准对铁合金还原剂的要求。
本文对此项目进行了技术经济评价。对生产规模为年产20×10~4t的工厂而言,每年可为企业节约2440万元的原料采购成本,因此从经济指标来看,项目的经济运行情况将会良好运转;从资源方面来看,可以缓解目前炼焦煤资源的紧缺,为国家和地方发展做出巨大贡献。
Now with the rapid development of economic construction,ferroalloy market demand will grow,and this will promote the development of ferroalloy production industry. Ferroalloy is made by ore reaction with reducer in the furnace,and the reducer which is important accessories in the process of smelting.For a long time,ferroalloy coke is the best for reducing agent in smelting.But with the rapid development of the iron and steel industry,coking coal resources are become smaller and smaller,coking coal prices have increased substantially and affected the ferroalloy the economic efficiency of enterprises seriously.To alleviate the present shortage of coking coal resources,and the rising prices, the development of a more extensive source,the low price of reducing carbon imperative. To solve this problem,this study use more extensive sources,and low prices of raw materials for the preparation of new coal briquette-reducer.
This study used coke and lignite as raw material,preparation for the ferroalloy production instead of coke coal-reducing agent.Main contents:①In the single factor test conditions,we study relationship between lignite coke ratio,temperature coking,coking time,coal size and the nature of reducing agent.②By orthogonal test we integrated with the impact of these factors,to find the best coking conditions.
③Determination of the nature of reducing agent,and compared with the nature of ferroalloy coke.
By experimental research,as well as through new coal-reducing agent of the performance can be obtained:①the proportion of Lignite coal in reducing agent is more higher,the specific resistance and reaction of coke is more greater,and mechanical strength is more smaller.When lignite proportion reached 25%,the new coal-reducing agent specific resistance up to 14.2Ω·cm,the reaction of up to 50.8%,and strength is 71.2%.②coking temperature is more higher,the specific resistance and reaction of coke is more smaller,but the strength of coke is become greater.And in the test conditions,the coking temperature and specific resistance and reaction of coke is nearly linear relationship.③In this test conditions,coking time is more longer,the specific resistance and reaction of coke is more smaller,the strength of coke is become greater.④The nature of reducing agent is best when Coal particle size in the range of 1.0mm-l.4mm.⑤By orthogonal coking tests to determine the optimum conditions are:coal particle size is 1.0 mm-1.4mm, coking temperature is 800℃,the coking time is 2 hours,the proportion of lignite is 15%,at this time,the specific resistance of cook is 7.0Ω·cm,the reaction is 41.2%,and 92.0%for the mechanical strength.
This article has carried on the technical economy appraisal to this project.This project production gauge simulation for the annual production 20×10~4t,may save 24,400,000 Yuan raw material procurement cost every year for the enterprise,therefore looking from the economic indicator,the project economy operational aspect will revolve good,will make the great contribution for national and the place development.
本研究主要采用焦煤以及褐煤为原料,制备替代铁合金焦用于铁合金生产的煤基还原剂。主要内容有①在单因素试验条件下,分别研究褐煤与焦煤配比、结焦温度、结焦时间、原煤粒度等与新型煤基还原剂性质的关系。②通过正交试验,得出最佳的焦化条件。③对新型煤基还原剂的性质进行测定并与铁合金焦的性质作比较。
通过实验研究以及新型煤基还原剂的性能测定,得到①褐煤在原煤中的比例越高,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性越大,机械强度越小。当褐煤所占比例达到25%时,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻14.8Ω·cm,反应性50.8%,机械强度为71.2%。②结焦温度越高,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性越小,机械强度越大,且在本试验条件范围内,结焦温度与新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性接近线性关系。③结焦时间越长,在本试验条件范围内,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性越小,机械强度越大。④原煤粒度在1.0mm-1.4mm之间的新型煤基还原剂的性质最好。⑤通过正交试验确定最佳焦化条件是:原煤粒度在1.0mm-1.4mm,结焦温度为800℃,结焦时间为2小时,褐煤所占比例为15%;此时的新型煤基还原剂的比电阻为7.0Ω·cm,反应性为41.2%,机械强度为92.0%。符合中国冶金标准对铁合金还原剂的要求。
本文对此项目进行了技术经济评价。对生产规模为年产20×10~4t的工厂而言,每年可为企业节约2440万元的原料采购成本,因此从经济指标来看,项目的经济运行情况将会良好运转;从资源方面来看,可以缓解目前炼焦煤资源的紧缺,为国家和地方发展做出巨大贡献。
Now with the rapid development of economic construction,ferroalloy market demand will grow,and this will promote the development of ferroalloy production industry. Ferroalloy is made by ore reaction with reducer in the furnace,and the reducer which is important accessories in the process of smelting.For a long time,ferroalloy coke is the best for reducing agent in smelting.But with the rapid development of the iron and steel industry,coking coal resources are become smaller and smaller,coking coal prices have increased substantially and affected the ferroalloy the economic efficiency of enterprises seriously.To alleviate the present shortage of coking coal resources,and the rising prices, the development of a more extensive source,the low price of reducing carbon imperative. To solve this problem,this study use more extensive sources,and low prices of raw materials for the preparation of new coal briquette-reducer.
This study used coke and lignite as raw material,preparation for the ferroalloy production instead of coke coal-reducing agent.Main contents:①In the single factor test conditions,we study relationship between lignite coke ratio,temperature coking,coking time,coal size and the nature of reducing agent.②By orthogonal test we integrated with the impact of these factors,to find the best coking conditions.
③Determination of the nature of reducing agent,and compared with the nature of ferroalloy coke.
By experimental research,as well as through new coal-reducing agent of the performance can be obtained:①the proportion of Lignite coal in reducing agent is more higher,the specific resistance and reaction of coke is more greater,and mechanical strength is more smaller.When lignite proportion reached 25%,the new coal-reducing agent specific resistance up to 14.2Ω·cm,the reaction of up to 50.8%,and strength is 71.2%.②coking temperature is more higher,the specific resistance and reaction of coke is more smaller,but the strength of coke is become greater.And in the test conditions,the coking temperature and specific resistance and reaction of coke is nearly linear relationship.③In this test conditions,coking time is more longer,the specific resistance and reaction of coke is more smaller,the strength of coke is become greater.④The nature of reducing agent is best when Coal particle size in the range of 1.0mm-l.4mm.⑤By orthogonal coking tests to determine the optimum conditions are:coal particle size is 1.0 mm-1.4mm, coking temperature is 800℃,the coking time is 2 hours,the proportion of lignite is 15%,at this time,the specific resistance of cook is 7.0Ω·cm,the reaction is 41.2%,and 92.0%for the mechanical strength.
This article has carried on the technical economy appraisal to this project.This project production gauge simulation for the annual production 20×10~4t,may save 24,400,000 Yuan raw material procurement cost every year for the enterprise,therefore looking from the economic indicator,the project economy operational aspect will revolve good,will make the great contribution for national and the place development.
引文
[1]申毅,赵俊学等.中国铁合金专用焦的发展.铁合金,2006,37(2):42-47
[2]李春德.铁合金冶金学.北京:冶金工业出版社,2004
[3]许晓海.炼焦化工实用手册.北京:冶金工业出版社,1999
[4]杨洪祥.铁合金生产工艺.上海铁合金厂
[5]M.A.雷斯.铁合金冶炼.北京:冶金工业出版社,1981
[6]B·Ⅱ·依留金·A·巴浦洛夫.铁合金.北京冶金工业出版社,1957
[7]郭树才.煤化工工艺学.北京:化学工业出版社,1996
[8]姚强.洁净煤技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2005
[9]逢小红,孙丽云等.焦炭和焦煤国际市场现状.现代冶金,2004,2:71-79
[10]炼焦化工卷编辑委员会.中国冶金百科全书(炼焦化工卷).冶金工业出版社,1992
[11]H.H.Lowry,Chemistry of Coal Utilization,Suppl.vol.,John Wiley and Sons,1963
[12]陶著.煤化学.冶金工业出版社,1984
[13]R.K.Hessley,Coal Science,John Wiley and Sons,1986
[14]洛杰·路瓦松,彼埃尔·福熙,安得列·博埃尔等.焦炭.冶金工业出版社,1983
[15]周师庸.应用煤岩学.冶金工业出版社,1985
[16]张亚云.应用煤岩学基础.冶金工业出版社,1990
[17]L.M.Juckes,G.J.Pitt,Microscopy of Organic Sediments,Coals and Cokes,ed.by B.Ralph et al,B1ackwell Scientific Publications,1977,pp.13-21
[18]J.G.Speight,The Chemistry and Technology of coal.Marcel Dekker,1983
[19]朱春笙,陈鹏等.煤炭学技术.冶金工业出版社,1993
[20]傅永宁.高炉焦炭.冶金工业出版社,1995
[21]郭祟涛.煤化学.化学工业出版社,1991
[22]郭树才.煤化工工艺学.化学工业出版社,1996
[23]M.A.Elliott,Chemistry of Coal Utilization.2nd suppl,vol.,John Wiley and Sons,1981
[24]W.Francis,Coal,2nd ed.,Edward Arnold Ltd,1961
[25]陈鹏.中国煤炭性质、分类和利用.化学工业出版社,2001
[26]N.Berbowitz,The Chemistry of Coal.Elsevier,1985
[27]煤炭科学院煤化所焦化室.煤质与炼焦.冶金工业出版社,1985
[28]D.W.Van Krevelen.Elsevier,1961
[29]郭治,刘俊川等.焦化操作技术解疑.河北科学技术出版社,1999
[30]M·T·斯克列尔.强化炼焦与焦炭质量.冶金工业出版社,1984
[31]姚昭章.炼焦学.冶金工业出版社,1997
[32]G·福尔克特·K-D弗兰克.铁合金冶金学,1978
[33]郭树才.煤化学工程.北京:冶金工业出版社,1991
[34]李哲浩.炼焦新技术.北京:冶金工业出版社,1988
[35]L.Grainger,J.Gibson,Coal Utilization Technology.Economiscs and Policy,Graham limited,London,1981
[36]煤炭科学院煤化所焦化室.煤质与炼焦.北京:冶金工业出版社,1985
[37]易凤兰.焦炭反应性及反应后强度标准化测试研究.涟钢科技与管理,2005,2:36-37
[38]第一届国际焦化会议论文集.陶著译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1990
[39]李运勇,康小平等.焦炭强度影响因素研究.煤炭科学技术,2001,29(4):23-26
[40]R.Zarzycki,Koksownictwo,Slask,Katowice,1986
[2]李春德.铁合金冶金学.北京:冶金工业出版社,2004
[3]许晓海.炼焦化工实用手册.北京:冶金工业出版社,1999
[4]杨洪祥.铁合金生产工艺.上海铁合金厂
[5]M.A.雷斯.铁合金冶炼.北京:冶金工业出版社,1981
[6]B·Ⅱ·依留金·A·巴浦洛夫.铁合金.北京冶金工业出版社,1957
[7]郭树才.煤化工工艺学.北京:化学工业出版社,1996
[8]姚强.洁净煤技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2005
[9]逢小红,孙丽云等.焦炭和焦煤国际市场现状.现代冶金,2004,2:71-79
[10]炼焦化工卷编辑委员会.中国冶金百科全书(炼焦化工卷).冶金工业出版社,1992
[11]H.H.Lowry,Chemistry of Coal Utilization,Suppl.vol.,John Wiley and Sons,1963
[12]陶著.煤化学.冶金工业出版社,1984
[13]R.K.Hessley,Coal Science,John Wiley and Sons,1986
[14]洛杰·路瓦松,彼埃尔·福熙,安得列·博埃尔等.焦炭.冶金工业出版社,1983
[15]周师庸.应用煤岩学.冶金工业出版社,1985
[16]张亚云.应用煤岩学基础.冶金工业出版社,1990
[17]L.M.Juckes,G.J.Pitt,Microscopy of Organic Sediments,Coals and Cokes,ed.by B.Ralph et al,B1ackwell Scientific Publications,1977,pp.13-21
[18]J.G.Speight,The Chemistry and Technology of coal.Marcel Dekker,1983
[19]朱春笙,陈鹏等.煤炭学技术.冶金工业出版社,1993
[20]傅永宁.高炉焦炭.冶金工业出版社,1995
[21]郭祟涛.煤化学.化学工业出版社,1991
[22]郭树才.煤化工工艺学.化学工业出版社,1996
[23]M.A.Elliott,Chemistry of Coal Utilization.2nd suppl,vol.,John Wiley and Sons,1981
[24]W.Francis,Coal,2nd ed.,Edward Arnold Ltd,1961
[25]陈鹏.中国煤炭性质、分类和利用.化学工业出版社,2001
[26]N.Berbowitz,The Chemistry of Coal.Elsevier,1985
[27]煤炭科学院煤化所焦化室.煤质与炼焦.冶金工业出版社,1985
[28]D.W.Van Krevelen.Elsevier,1961
[29]郭治,刘俊川等.焦化操作技术解疑.河北科学技术出版社,1999
[30]M·T·斯克列尔.强化炼焦与焦炭质量.冶金工业出版社,1984
[31]姚昭章.炼焦学.冶金工业出版社,1997
[32]G·福尔克特·K-D弗兰克.铁合金冶金学,1978
[33]郭树才.煤化学工程.北京:冶金工业出版社,1991
[34]李哲浩.炼焦新技术.北京:冶金工业出版社,1988
[35]L.Grainger,J.Gibson,Coal Utilization Technology.Economiscs and Policy,Graham limited,London,1981
[36]煤炭科学院煤化所焦化室.煤质与炼焦.北京:冶金工业出版社,1985
[37]易凤兰.焦炭反应性及反应后强度标准化测试研究.涟钢科技与管理,2005,2:36-37
[38]第一届国际焦化会议论文集.陶著译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1990
[39]李运勇,康小平等.焦炭强度影响因素研究.煤炭科学技术,2001,29(4):23-26
[40]R.Zarzycki,Koksownictwo,Slask,Katowice,1986
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |