基于ZigBee网络的海面溢油监测系统设计
摘要
海洋是生命的摇篮,资源的宝库,拥有着丰富的生物、矿物、化学、能源、药物等资源。海上溢油是一种对海洋生态系统污染破坏大、影响时间长、危害范围广的事故灾害。尽早的发现并追踪溢油事故的发生和运动轨迹可以帮助应急部门做出准确及时的预案,减小污染危害。因此,及时发现油污,实时监测油污是一个重要的研究课题。
目前,世界各国普遍采用的监测方式为遥感和拍照。遥感方式容易受到气候条件影响,成本昂贵。拍照方式也会受到环境条件制约。本文集成ZigBee技术、GPS技术和简单的溢油传感器设计了一种廉价、全天时的海面溢油检测系统。为了节省供电电池有限的能量,设计了一套节能的边界检测与追踪协议应用于该系统。该系统在浮标上搭载油膜传感模块用以检测溢油存在,通过GPS接收机确定边界的地理位置,利用ZigBee射频模块实现浮标间通信以及浮标与控制中心的远程通信。
本文从总体角度完成了海面溢油检测系统的设计,利用ZigBee网络了成功实现并测试了节能的溢油边界监测,成功将油膜边界实时传输到并存储于控制中心计算机上。为溢油事故应急指挥提供了一种成本低廉、实时准确、全天候、长时间的溢油监测方式。
The ocean is thought to be the cradle of life and treasure house of resource. It is rich in living resources, mineral resources, chemical resource, power source, herb resource and so on. Offshore oil spill is such a disaster which causes huge, widespread and long time damage to marine ecological system. Detecting Oil Spill as soon as possible and tracking Oil film can help emergency agency to make plans and to act to reduce the loss. So detecting and tracking Oil Spill is an important topic to all maritime country.
Currently remote sensing and photographing are the most common measure used by many countries to monitor the spilled-oil. But when in bad weather remote sensing and photographing will be difficult. And these two are also expensive. This paper integrate ZigBee technique, Oil film Sensor and GPS technique, design a offshore oil spill detection and tracking system. In order to save limited battery power, this paper also develop an energy-efficiency Oil film Boundary detection and tracking protocol that can be applied in monitoring oil spill. Install oil film sensor on buoy for detecting oil film locally. Use ZigBee technique for wireless communication and GPS technique for location.
This paper elaborately designs this offshore oil spill system. This paper realized and tested the function of energy-efficiency monitoring oil film boundary and function of GPS location and storing in computer. This system offers a cheap, real-time and all weather solution to emergency agency when meeting an offshore oil spill.
目前,世界各国普遍采用的监测方式为遥感和拍照。遥感方式容易受到气候条件影响,成本昂贵。拍照方式也会受到环境条件制约。本文集成ZigBee技术、GPS技术和简单的溢油传感器设计了一种廉价、全天时的海面溢油检测系统。为了节省供电电池有限的能量,设计了一套节能的边界检测与追踪协议应用于该系统。该系统在浮标上搭载油膜传感模块用以检测溢油存在,通过GPS接收机确定边界的地理位置,利用ZigBee射频模块实现浮标间通信以及浮标与控制中心的远程通信。
本文从总体角度完成了海面溢油检测系统的设计,利用ZigBee网络了成功实现并测试了节能的溢油边界监测,成功将油膜边界实时传输到并存储于控制中心计算机上。为溢油事故应急指挥提供了一种成本低廉、实时准确、全天候、长时间的溢油监测方式。
The ocean is thought to be the cradle of life and treasure house of resource. It is rich in living resources, mineral resources, chemical resource, power source, herb resource and so on. Offshore oil spill is such a disaster which causes huge, widespread and long time damage to marine ecological system. Detecting Oil Spill as soon as possible and tracking Oil film can help emergency agency to make plans and to act to reduce the loss. So detecting and tracking Oil Spill is an important topic to all maritime country.
Currently remote sensing and photographing are the most common measure used by many countries to monitor the spilled-oil. But when in bad weather remote sensing and photographing will be difficult. And these two are also expensive. This paper integrate ZigBee technique, Oil film Sensor and GPS technique, design a offshore oil spill detection and tracking system. In order to save limited battery power, this paper also develop an energy-efficiency Oil film Boundary detection and tracking protocol that can be applied in monitoring oil spill. Install oil film sensor on buoy for detecting oil film locally. Use ZigBee technique for wireless communication and GPS technique for location.
This paper elaborately designs this offshore oil spill system. This paper realized and tested the function of energy-efficiency monitoring oil film boundary and function of GPS location and storing in computer. This system offers a cheap, real-time and all weather solution to emergency agency when meeting an offshore oil spill.
引文
[1]爱我蓝色国土发展海洋经济http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2010-07/13/content_1652323.htm
[2]景雨.海上溢油遥感图像的边缘检测算法研究：(博士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学
[3]赵文芳,海上溢油污染的危害与防治措施.安全、健康和环境.2006,6(9)：25-26
[4]柳婷婷,田珊珊.海上溢油事故处理及未来发展趋势.中国水运.2006,4(11)：27-29.
[5]沿海面临船舶污染高风险http://info.traffic.hc360.com/2005/07/1208059950-2.shtml
[6]Sherman J W. Historical perspective:marine oil spill detection by remote sensing [A]. Proc 1st Thematic Conference[C]. New Orleans:Louisiana,1992:233-245
[7]王子寅.航海雷达监测海面溢油方法与技术的研究：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学
[8]张永宁,丁倩,李栖箔.海上溢油污染遥感监测的研究.大连海事大学学报：第25卷,第3期,1999年：1-5
[9]杨吴炜,柴田.浅谈溢油污染对海洋环境的危害.天津航海：第4期,2007年：13-15
[10]尹奇志,初秀民,孙星,张涛.船舶溢油监测方法的应用现状及发展趋势.航海工程：第39卷,第5期,2010年：246-250
[11]韩龙,赵谱.如何加强卫星遥感监视海面溢油工作.中国水运：第07卷,第02期,2007年：173-174
[12]M. F Fingas, C. E Crown. Review of Oil Spill Remote Sensor. The Sixth International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, Charleston, South Carolina, May 2000:1-3
[13]王晶,王春谊,王项南,王士一.海上溢油油膜厚度浮标结构设计研究.海洋技术：第31卷,第1期,2012：49-51
[14]从旭东,赵如箱,王淑美.卫星遥感在溢油监视中的应用.交通环保：第S1期,2003年：23-25
[15]安居白.航空遥感探测海上溢油的技术.交通环保：第23卷,第1期,2002年：24-26
[16]汪渝.基于GPRS技术海上溢油跟踪浮标的研究：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学
[17]冯浩然,胡建斌.基于无线传感器网络的水面溢油监测系统.微计算机信息：第25卷,第2-1期,2009年：1-3
[18]Akyldizif, Su W, Sankarsubramania Y, et al. Wireless Sensor Network:A Survey [J]. Computer Network,38,2002:393-422
[19]李建中,李金宝,石胜飞.传感器网络及其数据管理的概念、问题与进展.软件学报：2003, 14(10)：1717-1727
[20]孙利民,李建中,陈渝等.无线传感器网络.清华大学出版社,2005
[21]孙雨耕,张静,孙永进,房朝晖.无线自组传感器网络.传感技术学报：2004，6(2)：331-335
[22]任丰原,黄海宁,林闯.无线传感器网络.软件学报：第07期,2003：1282-1291
[23]Deepak Ganesan, Alberto Cerpa, Wei Ye. Networking Issues in Wireless Sensor Network. Journal Parallel and Distributed Computing,64,2004:799-814
[24]Jason Lester Hill. System Architecture for Wireless Sensor Networks [D]. UCA, Berkeley, 2003.
[25]石军峰,钟先信,陈帅,邵小良.无线传感器网络结构及特点分析.重庆大学学报：第28卷,第2期,2005：16-19
[26]Vivek Mhatre, Catherne Rosenberg. Design Guidelines for Wireless Sensor Networks: Communication, Clustering and Aggregation. Ad Hoc Networks,2004,2:45-63
[27]夏俐,陈曦,赵千川,江永亨,管晓宏.无线传感网络及应用简介.自动化博览：第S2期,2005：34-37
[28]ZigBee Specification v1.0. http://www.zigbee.org/Specifications.aspx
[29]ZigBee Alliance. ZigBee 2007 Specification. http://www.zigbee.org
[30]薛艳亮,胡建萍,王江柱.基于分布式编制机制的ZigBee组网技术研究.杭州电子科技大学学报：第28卷,第2期,2008：33-36
[31]Drew Gislason. ZigBee Wireless Networking. Elsevier Pr.,2008.
[32]Ravi Tiwari, My T. Thai and Abdelsalam (Sumi) Helal. Localized Energy Efficient Detection and Tracking of Dynamic Phenomena.
[33]Subhasri Duttagupta, Krithi Ramamritham and Parmesh Ramanathan. Distributed Boundary Tracking using Sensor Networks. IEEE MASS 2006, Vancouver, Canada, Oct 2006.
[34]Kui Ren, Kai Zeng, Wenjing Lou. Secure and Fault-Tolerant Event Boundary Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks. Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on, Jan 2008
[35]Pei-Kai Liao; Min-Kuan Chang; Kuo, C.-C. J., Distributed edge detection with composite hypothesis test in wireless sensor networks, GLOBECOM'04
[36]Xiang ji, Hongyuan Zha, Metzner J. J., Kesidis G., Dynamic cluster structure for object detection and tracking in wireless ad-hoc sensor networks, IEEE ICCC'04
[37]Jung-Hwan Kim, Kee-Bum Kim, Chauhdary Sajjad Hussain, Min-Woo Cui, and Myong-Soon Park, Min-Woo Cui, and Myong-Soon Park, Energy-Efficient Tracking of Continuous Objects in Wireless Sensor Networks, UIC'08
[38]JN-DS-JN5148-1V4. http://www.jennic.com
[39]Hovig Denkilkian, Agop Koulakezian, Rostom Ohannessian, Milad S. Chalfoun, Mohamad Khaled W. Joujou, Ali Chehab, Imad H. Elhajj. Wireless Sensor for Continuous Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness and Location Measurement. IEEE Transactions on instrumentation and measurement. December 2009
[40]徐盈莹.B类AIS基带通信单元及协议的设计实现：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学
[41]NXP Semiconductors. ZigBee Pro User Guide Revision 1.2. http://www.jennic.com
[42]田莹,王莹,张淑芳.高效节能的链式分层无线传感器网络路由协议.第43卷,第35期,2007：22-26
[2]景雨.海上溢油遥感图像的边缘检测算法研究：(博士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学
[3]赵文芳,海上溢油污染的危害与防治措施.安全、健康和环境.2006,6(9)：25-26
[4]柳婷婷,田珊珊.海上溢油事故处理及未来发展趋势.中国水运.2006,4(11)：27-29.
[5]沿海面临船舶污染高风险http://info.traffic.hc360.com/2005/07/1208059950-2.shtml
[6]Sherman J W. Historical perspective:marine oil spill detection by remote sensing [A]. Proc 1st Thematic Conference[C]. New Orleans:Louisiana,1992:233-245
[7]王子寅.航海雷达监测海面溢油方法与技术的研究：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学
[8]张永宁,丁倩,李栖箔.海上溢油污染遥感监测的研究.大连海事大学学报：第25卷,第3期,1999年：1-5
[9]杨吴炜,柴田.浅谈溢油污染对海洋环境的危害.天津航海：第4期,2007年：13-15
[10]尹奇志,初秀民,孙星,张涛.船舶溢油监测方法的应用现状及发展趋势.航海工程：第39卷,第5期,2010年：246-250
[11]韩龙,赵谱.如何加强卫星遥感监视海面溢油工作.中国水运：第07卷,第02期,2007年：173-174
[12]M. F Fingas, C. E Crown. Review of Oil Spill Remote Sensor. The Sixth International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, Charleston, South Carolina, May 2000:1-3
[13]王晶,王春谊,王项南,王士一.海上溢油油膜厚度浮标结构设计研究.海洋技术：第31卷,第1期,2012：49-51
[14]从旭东,赵如箱,王淑美.卫星遥感在溢油监视中的应用.交通环保：第S1期,2003年：23-25
[15]安居白.航空遥感探测海上溢油的技术.交通环保：第23卷,第1期,2002年：24-26
[16]汪渝.基于GPRS技术海上溢油跟踪浮标的研究：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学
[17]冯浩然,胡建斌.基于无线传感器网络的水面溢油监测系统.微计算机信息：第25卷,第2-1期,2009年：1-3
[18]Akyldizif, Su W, Sankarsubramania Y, et al. Wireless Sensor Network:A Survey [J]. Computer Network,38,2002:393-422
[19]李建中,李金宝,石胜飞.传感器网络及其数据管理的概念、问题与进展.软件学报：2003, 14(10)：1717-1727
[20]孙利民,李建中,陈渝等.无线传感器网络.清华大学出版社,2005
[21]孙雨耕,张静,孙永进,房朝晖.无线自组传感器网络.传感技术学报：2004，6(2)：331-335
[22]任丰原,黄海宁,林闯.无线传感器网络.软件学报：第07期,2003：1282-1291
[23]Deepak Ganesan, Alberto Cerpa, Wei Ye. Networking Issues in Wireless Sensor Network. Journal Parallel and Distributed Computing,64,2004:799-814
[24]Jason Lester Hill. System Architecture for Wireless Sensor Networks [D]. UCA, Berkeley, 2003.
[25]石军峰,钟先信,陈帅,邵小良.无线传感器网络结构及特点分析.重庆大学学报：第28卷,第2期,2005：16-19
[26]Vivek Mhatre, Catherne Rosenberg. Design Guidelines for Wireless Sensor Networks: Communication, Clustering and Aggregation. Ad Hoc Networks,2004,2:45-63
[27]夏俐,陈曦,赵千川,江永亨,管晓宏.无线传感网络及应用简介.自动化博览：第S2期,2005：34-37
[28]ZigBee Specification v1.0. http://www.zigbee.org/Specifications.aspx
[29]ZigBee Alliance. ZigBee 2007 Specification. http://www.zigbee.org
[30]薛艳亮,胡建萍,王江柱.基于分布式编制机制的ZigBee组网技术研究.杭州电子科技大学学报：第28卷,第2期,2008：33-36
[31]Drew Gislason. ZigBee Wireless Networking. Elsevier Pr.,2008.
[32]Ravi Tiwari, My T. Thai and Abdelsalam (Sumi) Helal. Localized Energy Efficient Detection and Tracking of Dynamic Phenomena.
[33]Subhasri Duttagupta, Krithi Ramamritham and Parmesh Ramanathan. Distributed Boundary Tracking using Sensor Networks. IEEE MASS 2006, Vancouver, Canada, Oct 2006.
[34]Kui Ren, Kai Zeng, Wenjing Lou. Secure and Fault-Tolerant Event Boundary Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks. Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on, Jan 2008
[35]Pei-Kai Liao; Min-Kuan Chang; Kuo, C.-C. J., Distributed edge detection with composite hypothesis test in wireless sensor networks, GLOBECOM'04
[36]Xiang ji, Hongyuan Zha, Metzner J. J., Kesidis G., Dynamic cluster structure for object detection and tracking in wireless ad-hoc sensor networks, IEEE ICCC'04
[37]Jung-Hwan Kim, Kee-Bum Kim, Chauhdary Sajjad Hussain, Min-Woo Cui, and Myong-Soon Park, Min-Woo Cui, and Myong-Soon Park, Energy-Efficient Tracking of Continuous Objects in Wireless Sensor Networks, UIC'08
[38]JN-DS-JN5148-1V4. http://www.jennic.com
[39]Hovig Denkilkian, Agop Koulakezian, Rostom Ohannessian, Milad S. Chalfoun, Mohamad Khaled W. Joujou, Ali Chehab, Imad H. Elhajj. Wireless Sensor for Continuous Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness and Location Measurement. IEEE Transactions on instrumentation and measurement. December 2009
[40]徐盈莹.B类AIS基带通信单元及协议的设计实现：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学
[41]NXP Semiconductors. ZigBee Pro User Guide Revision 1.2. http://www.jennic.com
[42]田莹,王莹,张淑芳.高效节能的链式分层无线传感器网络路由协议.第43卷,第35期,2007：22-26