振动出矿溜井专家系统的设计研究
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摘要
振动出矿技术是一项高效、经济、安全的采矿技术，为我国矿山的经济建设创造了数亿元的效益。振动出矿技术在溜井中的应用，改善了放矿地点的作业环境，减轻了出矿工人的劳动强度，大大减少了溜井口堵塞现象的发生。但实践也证明，应用振动出矿机并不能完全杜绝堵塞现象，这是因为在设计时缺乏对矿岩物理力学性质的全面考虑。本研究以振动出矿溜井专家系统设计为主要对象，对影响振动出矿溜井设计的矿岩物理力学性质等进行了研究，并利用计算机手段，结合专家系统，数据库技术和CAD技术设计了振动出矿溜井设计专家系统。主要研究工作如下：
系统分析了溜井内矿岩流动性的影响因素。矿岩本身的物理力学性质是影响矿岩流动性的根本原因，而溜井的形式、参数和采用的动力方式可根据矿岩的物理力学性质进行选择和调节。
首次提出了矿岩流动性系数K_f。针对矿岩的流动性受其含水率、大块含量、粒级组成、大块尺寸、孔隙度、粘结力、粉矿含量等多方面因素的影响，本文首次提出了矿岩流动性系数K_f，对影响矿岩流动性的因素进行综合表征，并采用灰色关联度分析计算了各影响因素的权重大小，消除了传统设计中因对矿岩物理力学性质考虑不全带来的误差。同时，本文利用矿岩流动性系数对振动出矿溜井设计时所涉及的溜井断面尺寸、溜口最小高度、振动出矿机的眉线高三个主要参数进行了修正。
利用计算机手段设计实现了振动出矿溜井专家系统。振动出矿溜井专家系统分成两个子库：溜井结构设计和振动出矿机参数选择。根据其知识库特点，采用关系型数据库对振动出矿溜井知识库进行管理，数据库与专家系统的结合采用系统耦合中的弱耦合。该专家系统还结合AUTOCAD成熟的CAD技术，实现了其自动成图功能。
振动出矿溜井专家系统实现了振动出矿溜井的智能化设计。它不仅可以进行溜井的设计和溜井中振机参数的选择，还可以为溜井中存在的结拱、卡堵和跑矿等问题提供专家咨询；同时该系统还可以为其他料仓、溜槽及其振动给料设备的设计提供参考。振动出矿溜井专家系统的实现，可使振动出矿溜井的设计更准确、更迅速，将大大节约设计人员的人力、物力，具有较大的工程意义。
Vibrating ore-drawing technology is an effective, economic, and safe mining technology. It has made millions of Yuan for economy construction in our country's mines. Vibrating ore-drawing technology is applied in the shaft, which has mended the condition of the draw point, has lightened the labor intension of workers, and has greatly reduced the bottom's blockage in the shaft. But it's also proved that the blockage will not disappear absolutely after the vibrating ore-drawing feeder was applied. This is because the ore's characteristic is short of full consideration. The thesis focuses on the design of expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft. It has studied the ore's characteristics that influence the design of vibrating ore-drawing shaft. And it has combined the expert system, database technology and CAD technology to design the expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft. The main contents of the research are summarized as follows:
The factors, which influence the fluidity of the cracked ores in shaft, are systemically analysed. The ore's characteristics are the fundamental factors that influence the fluidity of cracked ores. While, the shape, parameter, kinetic mode of the shaft can be chosen and adjusted according the ore's characteristics.
The coefficient of cracked ore's fluidity Kf is brought forward for the first time. Aiming at that the fluidity of cracked ores is influenced by moisture content, boulder frequency, grain size distribution, lump size, percentage of porosity, cohesion, powder content of powder ore, etc, The coefficient of cracked ore's fluidity Kf is brought forward. And the weight of each influence factor is calculated using the association analysis of gray theory, by which, the error that shorted of consideration of the ore's characteristics in the traditional design is eliminated. At the same time, it has amended three main parameters that are involved in the design of the vibrating ore-drawing shaft, including the cross dimension of shaft, the minimal height of the shaft's bottom, the brow's height of the feeder, using the coefficient of cracked ore's fluidity.
The expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft is designed using computer. It is divided into two subbases, the design of shaft's structure and the choice of the vibrating ore-drawing feeder's parameters. According to the characteristic of the repository, the repository of vibrating ore-drawing shaft is managed by relation database. The combination of database and expert system is weak coupling in system coupling. The expert system is also combined with the ripe CAD technology of AUTOCAD, and achieves the function of automatically draw.
The expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft has achieved the intelligently design of vibrating ore-drawing shaft. It not only can design the shaft and choose the parameters of the feeder, but also can offer expert consultation for the arching, blockage and running of ores in the shaft. As well as, the system can offer references for the design of material hopper, chute and other vibrating equipment. The implement of expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft will increase the speed and exactness of the design of the vibrating ore-drawing shaft. And it will greatly save the manpower, material resources of the designer. It has great engineering meaning.
系统分析了溜井内矿岩流动性的影响因素。矿岩本身的物理力学性质是影响矿岩流动性的根本原因，而溜井的形式、参数和采用的动力方式可根据矿岩的物理力学性质进行选择和调节。
首次提出了矿岩流动性系数K_f。针对矿岩的流动性受其含水率、大块含量、粒级组成、大块尺寸、孔隙度、粘结力、粉矿含量等多方面因素的影响，本文首次提出了矿岩流动性系数K_f，对影响矿岩流动性的因素进行综合表征，并采用灰色关联度分析计算了各影响因素的权重大小，消除了传统设计中因对矿岩物理力学性质考虑不全带来的误差。同时，本文利用矿岩流动性系数对振动出矿溜井设计时所涉及的溜井断面尺寸、溜口最小高度、振动出矿机的眉线高三个主要参数进行了修正。
利用计算机手段设计实现了振动出矿溜井专家系统。振动出矿溜井专家系统分成两个子库：溜井结构设计和振动出矿机参数选择。根据其知识库特点，采用关系型数据库对振动出矿溜井知识库进行管理，数据库与专家系统的结合采用系统耦合中的弱耦合。该专家系统还结合AUTOCAD成熟的CAD技术，实现了其自动成图功能。
振动出矿溜井专家系统实现了振动出矿溜井的智能化设计。它不仅可以进行溜井的设计和溜井中振机参数的选择，还可以为溜井中存在的结拱、卡堵和跑矿等问题提供专家咨询；同时该系统还可以为其他料仓、溜槽及其振动给料设备的设计提供参考。振动出矿溜井专家系统的实现，可使振动出矿溜井的设计更准确、更迅速，将大大节约设计人员的人力、物力，具有较大的工程意义。
Vibrating ore-drawing technology is an effective, economic, and safe mining technology. It has made millions of Yuan for economy construction in our country's mines. Vibrating ore-drawing technology is applied in the shaft, which has mended the condition of the draw point, has lightened the labor intension of workers, and has greatly reduced the bottom's blockage in the shaft. But it's also proved that the blockage will not disappear absolutely after the vibrating ore-drawing feeder was applied. This is because the ore's characteristic is short of full consideration. The thesis focuses on the design of expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft. It has studied the ore's characteristics that influence the design of vibrating ore-drawing shaft. And it has combined the expert system, database technology and CAD technology to design the expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft. The main contents of the research are summarized as follows:
The factors, which influence the fluidity of the cracked ores in shaft, are systemically analysed. The ore's characteristics are the fundamental factors that influence the fluidity of cracked ores. While, the shape, parameter, kinetic mode of the shaft can be chosen and adjusted according the ore's characteristics.
The coefficient of cracked ore's fluidity Kf is brought forward for the first time. Aiming at that the fluidity of cracked ores is influenced by moisture content, boulder frequency, grain size distribution, lump size, percentage of porosity, cohesion, powder content of powder ore, etc, The coefficient of cracked ore's fluidity Kf is brought forward. And the weight of each influence factor is calculated using the association analysis of gray theory, by which, the error that shorted of consideration of the ore's characteristics in the traditional design is eliminated. At the same time, it has amended three main parameters that are involved in the design of the vibrating ore-drawing shaft, including the cross dimension of shaft, the minimal height of the shaft's bottom, the brow's height of the feeder, using the coefficient of cracked ore's fluidity.
The expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft is designed using computer. It is divided into two subbases, the design of shaft's structure and the choice of the vibrating ore-drawing feeder's parameters. According to the characteristic of the repository, the repository of vibrating ore-drawing shaft is managed by relation database. The combination of database and expert system is weak coupling in system coupling. The expert system is also combined with the ripe CAD technology of AUTOCAD, and achieves the function of automatically draw.
The expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft has achieved the intelligently design of vibrating ore-drawing shaft. It not only can design the shaft and choose the parameters of the feeder, but also can offer expert consultation for the arching, blockage and running of ores in the shaft. As well as, the system can offer references for the design of material hopper, chute and other vibrating equipment. The implement of expert system for vibrating ore-drawing shaft will increase the speed and exactness of the design of the vibrating ore-drawing shaft. And it will greatly save the manpower, material resources of the designer. It has great engineering meaning.
引文
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