用沙坝矿高大副井改主溜井的研究
摘要
用沙坝矿高大副井改主溜井的研究内容主要分为三个部分：溜井放矿规律研究与振动出矿及相关技术的应用研究；原井筒设施的按期安全拆除的工艺技术的研究与实施；井筒设施拆除后，按设计要求进行扩大帮加固及底部结构的设计与施工。研究内容按时按计划完成，取得的主要技术成果有：
(1) 深入的研究分析了溜井放矿、特别是主溜井放矿的规律及振动出矿技术参数的应用条件，为本次溜井改造工程的实施提供了理论依据。
(2) 首次研究采用变矩后退式方案拆除原井筒内的设施，有效解决了高大井筒设施拆除作业不安全，作业环境差等难题，其方案工艺简单，安全可靠。
(3) 采用先进的振动出矿与相应辅助工艺技术措施，解决了长期困扰溜井放时跑冒或堵塞而影响生产的问题。如溜井底部结构设计采用曲面联接及三角陡坡等新型结构形式，有效扩大了振动波的传递范围；如在采用两台振动出矿机并联出矿的同时，辅助以高压风炮破堵等有效技术手段等。为大产量的主溜井顺利放矿探索了新的技术途径。
(4) 生产能力大，能耗省，作业安全，经济效益和社会效益都十分显著。本项目研究成果为我国矿山同类工程的技术改造和主溜井放矿开创了一条新的技术途径，将极大地推动我国主溜井放矿技术的进步。
The content of the research on changing the high shaft into a main ore-pass in Yong-Sha-Ba mine has three parts. The first, the research on rules of ore-drawing in ore-pass and the application research of vibrating ore-drawing and its correlated technology, the second, the research and implement of the craftwork technology on the safe backout of the original shaft establishment on time, at last, it need to reinforce of enlarged sides following the design's request after the establishment of the shaft is backouted. The content of the research has completed as the plan in time. It achieves the following production:
1.The thesis has deeply analyzed the rule of ore-drawing in ore-pass, especially the rules in main ore-pass, and the application condition of the technology parameters about vibrating ore-drawing. These researches have offered the theory foundation for the implement of the changing engineering of ore-pass.
2.It has firstly adopted the way of the establishment in original shaft with the method of backing and changing the square. Then it has effectively solved the insecurity and bad condition in backouting of establishment in high shaft. This is very safe and reliable.
3.It has solved the problems of the running and block of ore in ore-pass, which has ever influenced the production, with the advanced vibrating ore-drawing technology and its assistant technology. For example, it has adopted the bended join and the new structure of triangle steep slope in the design of the bottom of ore-pass, which has enlarged prevalence scope of the vibrating wave. When it adopted to use two parallel feeders to draw ores, the technology of block-breaking with high-pressure wind cannon is adopted. These have explored the new technology on the ore-drawing in main large production ore-pass.
4.The production is very large and the energy is cost little, the work is safe; and the benefit of economy and society is very remarkable. This research has created a new technology way for the same engineer's changing and the ore-drawing in main ore-pass in our own mines. It will improve the ore-drawing technology in the main ore-pass of our country.
(1) 深入的研究分析了溜井放矿、特别是主溜井放矿的规律及振动出矿技术参数的应用条件，为本次溜井改造工程的实施提供了理论依据。
(2) 首次研究采用变矩后退式方案拆除原井筒内的设施，有效解决了高大井筒设施拆除作业不安全，作业环境差等难题，其方案工艺简单，安全可靠。
(3) 采用先进的振动出矿与相应辅助工艺技术措施，解决了长期困扰溜井放时跑冒或堵塞而影响生产的问题。如溜井底部结构设计采用曲面联接及三角陡坡等新型结构形式，有效扩大了振动波的传递范围；如在采用两台振动出矿机并联出矿的同时，辅助以高压风炮破堵等有效技术手段等。为大产量的主溜井顺利放矿探索了新的技术途径。
(4) 生产能力大，能耗省，作业安全，经济效益和社会效益都十分显著。本项目研究成果为我国矿山同类工程的技术改造和主溜井放矿开创了一条新的技术途径，将极大地推动我国主溜井放矿技术的进步。
The content of the research on changing the high shaft into a main ore-pass in Yong-Sha-Ba mine has three parts. The first, the research on rules of ore-drawing in ore-pass and the application research of vibrating ore-drawing and its correlated technology, the second, the research and implement of the craftwork technology on the safe backout of the original shaft establishment on time, at last, it need to reinforce of enlarged sides following the design's request after the establishment of the shaft is backouted. The content of the research has completed as the plan in time. It achieves the following production:
1.The thesis has deeply analyzed the rule of ore-drawing in ore-pass, especially the rules in main ore-pass, and the application condition of the technology parameters about vibrating ore-drawing. These researches have offered the theory foundation for the implement of the changing engineering of ore-pass.
2.It has firstly adopted the way of the establishment in original shaft with the method of backing and changing the square. Then it has effectively solved the insecurity and bad condition in backouting of establishment in high shaft. This is very safe and reliable.
3.It has solved the problems of the running and block of ore in ore-pass, which has ever influenced the production, with the advanced vibrating ore-drawing technology and its assistant technology. For example, it has adopted the bended join and the new structure of triangle steep slope in the design of the bottom of ore-pass, which has enlarged prevalence scope of the vibrating wave. When it adopted to use two parallel feeders to draw ores, the technology of block-breaking with high-pressure wind cannon is adopted. These have explored the new technology on the ore-drawing in main large production ore-pass.
4.The production is very large and the energy is cost little, the work is safe; and the benefit of economy and society is very remarkable. This research has created a new technology way for the same engineer's changing and the ore-drawing in main ore-pass in our own mines. It will improve the ore-drawing technology in the main ore-pass of our country.
引文
[1] 古德生，王惠英，李觉新．振动出矿技术．长沙：中南工业大学出版社，1989．9～238，
[2] 张竞寰．振动给料斗．北京：水利电力出版社，1989．73～84
[3] 张国辅．矿山井下煤仓与矿仓．北京：煤炭工业出版社，1983．248～281
[4] 吴爱祥，孙业志，刘湘平．散体动力学理论及其应用．北京：冶金工业出版社，2002．236～242
[5] 吴爱祥．振动场中矿岩散体特性与动力学理论研究：[博士学位论文]．长沙：中南大学，2002
[6] 郭宝昆．溜井适用条件、类型、位置选择及生产能力的确定．矿山技术，1982，1：58～63
[7] 郭宝昆．溜井结构尺寸的确定．矿山技术，1982，2：57～63
[8] 郭宝昆．溜口结构．矿山技术，1982，3：65～71
[9] 郭宝昆．溜井磨损分析．矿山技术，1982，4：59～67
[10] 郭宝昆．溜井加固．矿山技术，1982，5：63～70
[11] 郭宝昆．溜井辅助设施及生产管理．矿山技术，1982，6：66～72
[12] 黄存绍，余佑林．溜井振动出矿及其设计参数的确定．矿山技术，1984，1：1～7
[13] 郭宝昆．溜井下部结构参数的确定．矿山技术，1987，2：24～28
[14] 刘兴国．放出体性质及其应用．矿山技术，1988，3：13～21
[15] 鲁道夫．克瓦皮尔，C．S．S．R．矿山矿槽中粗粒物料的自流．世界采矿快报，1991，4：29～36
[16] 郭宝昆．散体在溜井中的移动规律与溜井结构机放矿量．矿山技术，1992，1：1～9
[17] 王昌汉．放矿学．北京：冶金工业出版社，1988．24～37
[18] Roberts, Alan W. Chute performance and design for rapid flow conditions. In: Chemical Engineering and Technology, v 26, n 2, February, 2003, p 163-170
[19] Kapustin, V. (Moscow State Univ); Podolsky, D.; Mestcherjakov, V. Arc penetration to the arc chute and arc chute plates erosion. In: Electrical Contacts, Proceedings of the Annual Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts, 1996, p 50-59
[20] Mazhbits, G.L.; Bulanov, E.P.. Hydraulic investigations of a spillway with a constricting chute. In: Hydrotechnical Construction (English translation of Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo), v 24, n 11, May, 1991, p 703-708
[21] Jonker, G.H.; Hoffmann, A.C.; Beenackers, A.A.C.M.. Classification mechanism of the chute, a liquid-phase remover of fines in the micrometre range from a batch of porous particles. In: Powder Technology, v 90, n 3, Mar, 1997, p 251-258
[22] Marcus, R.D. (Morgan Education Technologies (Pry) Ltd); Baller, W.J.; Barthel, P..
Design and operation of the WEBA chute. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 16, n 3, Jul-Sep, 1996, p 405-409
[23] Ahn, Hojin (California Inst of Technology); Brennen, Christopher E.; Sabersky, Roll H.. Analysis of the fully developed chute flow of granular materials. In: Journal of Applied Mechanics, Transactions ASME, v 59, n 1, Mar, 1992, p 109-119
[24] Nordell, L.K.. Palabora installs curved transfer chute in hard rock to minimize belt cover wear. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 14, n 4, Oct-Dec, 1994, p 739-743
[25] Sadjadpour, Mohammad; Campbell, Charles S.. Granular chute flow regimes: Mass flowrates, flowrate limits and clogging. In: Advanced Powder Technology, v 10, n 2, 1999, p 175-185
[26] Nishimura, K.; Kosugi, K.; Nakagawa, M.. Experiments on ice-sphere flows along an inclined chute. In: Mechanics of Materials, v 16, n 1-2, Aug, 1993, Mechanics of Granular Materials, p 205-209
[27] Roberts, Alan W.; Wiche, Stephen J.. Interrelation between feed chute geometry and conveyor belt wear. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 19, n 1, Jan-Mar, 1999, p 35-39
[28] Benjamin, C.W.; Burleigh, A.C.; Nemeth, J.. Transfer chute design-a new approach using 3D parametric modelling. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 19, n 1, Jan-Mar, 1999, p 29-33
[29] Sanders, Brian E.; Ackermann, Norbert L.. Instability in granular chute flows. In: Mechanics Computing in 1990's and Beyond, 1991, p 1244-1248
[30] Anon. Terminal eliminates dust, nearly triples throughput with cascading material loading chute. In: Powder and Bulk Engineering, v 10, n 3, Mar, 1996, 5pp
[31] Wieland, M.; Gray, J.M.N.T.; Hurter, K.. Channelized free-surface flow of cohesionless granular avalanches in a chute with shallow lateral curvature. In: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v 392, Aug, 1999, p 73-100
[32] Cao, J.; Ahmadi, G.; Massoudi, M.. Gravity granular flows of slightly frictional particles down an inclined bumpy chute. In: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v 316, Jun 10, 1996, p 197-221
[33] Benjamin, C.W. (Gulf Conveyor Group); Nemeth, J.. Transfer chute design for modern materials handling operations. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 21, n 1, Jan, 2001, p 31-34
[34] 《采矿设计手册》编委会．采矿设计手册井巷工程卷．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1989．516～595
[35] 孙业志，吴爱祥，黎剑华，赵国彦．振动场中散体介质波的传播规律．矿冶工程，2001，21(2)：12～14，17
[36] 吴爱祥，孙业志，黎剑华．散体介质中弹性波的传播规律．岩石力学与工程学报，2001，20(增1)：1121～1123
[37] 吴爱祥，孙业志，黎剑华．振动出矿时碎岩的激励响应．湘潭矿业学院学报，2001，16(2)：5～8
[38] 吴爱祥．矿山溜井出矿新工艺的探讨．中国有色金属学报，1998，8(2)：763～766
[39] 殷永家，张丰田．地下矿溜井系统设计中结构参数的选定及实践体会．中国有色金属学报，1998，8(2)：771～775
[40] 孟秀平，李试义．溜井堵塞处理实例．西部探矿工程，2001，8：16
[41] 周建华，周根明．主溜井垮塌分析与研究．有色矿山，2001，30(1)：9～13
[42] 田启宏．溜井振动放矿机安装与使用的几个问题．金属矿山，1995，12：53～54
[43] 胡黄龙．溜矿井堵塞与贮矿高度的关系．有色冶金研究与设计，1995，12：53～54
[44] 刘秀礼，李怀宇．浅述溜井堵塞原因、处理方法与预防措施．四川冶金，1997，2：4～6
[2] 张竞寰．振动给料斗．北京：水利电力出版社，1989．73～84
[3] 张国辅．矿山井下煤仓与矿仓．北京：煤炭工业出版社，1983．248～281
[4] 吴爱祥，孙业志，刘湘平．散体动力学理论及其应用．北京：冶金工业出版社，2002．236～242
[5] 吴爱祥．振动场中矿岩散体特性与动力学理论研究：[博士学位论文]．长沙：中南大学，2002
[6] 郭宝昆．溜井适用条件、类型、位置选择及生产能力的确定．矿山技术，1982，1：58～63
[7] 郭宝昆．溜井结构尺寸的确定．矿山技术，1982，2：57～63
[8] 郭宝昆．溜口结构．矿山技术，1982，3：65～71
[9] 郭宝昆．溜井磨损分析．矿山技术，1982，4：59～67
[10] 郭宝昆．溜井加固．矿山技术，1982，5：63～70
[11] 郭宝昆．溜井辅助设施及生产管理．矿山技术，1982，6：66～72
[12] 黄存绍，余佑林．溜井振动出矿及其设计参数的确定．矿山技术，1984，1：1～7
[13] 郭宝昆．溜井下部结构参数的确定．矿山技术，1987，2：24～28
[14] 刘兴国．放出体性质及其应用．矿山技术，1988，3：13～21
[15] 鲁道夫．克瓦皮尔，C．S．S．R．矿山矿槽中粗粒物料的自流．世界采矿快报，1991，4：29～36
[16] 郭宝昆．散体在溜井中的移动规律与溜井结构机放矿量．矿山技术，1992，1：1～9
[17] 王昌汉．放矿学．北京：冶金工业出版社，1988．24～37
[18] Roberts, Alan W. Chute performance and design for rapid flow conditions. In: Chemical Engineering and Technology, v 26, n 2, February, 2003, p 163-170
[19] Kapustin, V. (Moscow State Univ); Podolsky, D.; Mestcherjakov, V. Arc penetration to the arc chute and arc chute plates erosion. In: Electrical Contacts, Proceedings of the Annual Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts, 1996, p 50-59
[20] Mazhbits, G.L.; Bulanov, E.P.. Hydraulic investigations of a spillway with a constricting chute. In: Hydrotechnical Construction (English translation of Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo), v 24, n 11, May, 1991, p 703-708
[21] Jonker, G.H.; Hoffmann, A.C.; Beenackers, A.A.C.M.. Classification mechanism of the chute, a liquid-phase remover of fines in the micrometre range from a batch of porous particles. In: Powder Technology, v 90, n 3, Mar, 1997, p 251-258
[22] Marcus, R.D. (Morgan Education Technologies (Pry) Ltd); Baller, W.J.; Barthel, P..
Design and operation of the WEBA chute. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 16, n 3, Jul-Sep, 1996, p 405-409
[23] Ahn, Hojin (California Inst of Technology); Brennen, Christopher E.; Sabersky, Roll H.. Analysis of the fully developed chute flow of granular materials. In: Journal of Applied Mechanics, Transactions ASME, v 59, n 1, Mar, 1992, p 109-119
[24] Nordell, L.K.. Palabora installs curved transfer chute in hard rock to minimize belt cover wear. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 14, n 4, Oct-Dec, 1994, p 739-743
[25] Sadjadpour, Mohammad; Campbell, Charles S.. Granular chute flow regimes: Mass flowrates, flowrate limits and clogging. In: Advanced Powder Technology, v 10, n 2, 1999, p 175-185
[26] Nishimura, K.; Kosugi, K.; Nakagawa, M.. Experiments on ice-sphere flows along an inclined chute. In: Mechanics of Materials, v 16, n 1-2, Aug, 1993, Mechanics of Granular Materials, p 205-209
[27] Roberts, Alan W.; Wiche, Stephen J.. Interrelation between feed chute geometry and conveyor belt wear. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 19, n 1, Jan-Mar, 1999, p 35-39
[28] Benjamin, C.W.; Burleigh, A.C.; Nemeth, J.. Transfer chute design-a new approach using 3D parametric modelling. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 19, n 1, Jan-Mar, 1999, p 29-33
[29] Sanders, Brian E.; Ackermann, Norbert L.. Instability in granular chute flows. In: Mechanics Computing in 1990's and Beyond, 1991, p 1244-1248
[30] Anon. Terminal eliminates dust, nearly triples throughput with cascading material loading chute. In: Powder and Bulk Engineering, v 10, n 3, Mar, 1996, 5pp
[31] Wieland, M.; Gray, J.M.N.T.; Hurter, K.. Channelized free-surface flow of cohesionless granular avalanches in a chute with shallow lateral curvature. In: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v 392, Aug, 1999, p 73-100
[32] Cao, J.; Ahmadi, G.; Massoudi, M.. Gravity granular flows of slightly frictional particles down an inclined bumpy chute. In: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v 316, Jun 10, 1996, p 197-221
[33] Benjamin, C.W. (Gulf Conveyor Group); Nemeth, J.. Transfer chute design for modern materials handling operations. In: Bulk Solids Handling, v 21, n 1, Jan, 2001, p 31-34
[34] 《采矿设计手册》编委会．采矿设计手册井巷工程卷．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1989．516～595
[35] 孙业志，吴爱祥，黎剑华，赵国彦．振动场中散体介质波的传播规律．矿冶工程，2001，21(2)：12～14，17
[36] 吴爱祥，孙业志，黎剑华．散体介质中弹性波的传播规律．岩石力学与工程学报，2001，20(增1)：1121～1123
[37] 吴爱祥，孙业志，黎剑华．振动出矿时碎岩的激励响应．湘潭矿业学院学报，2001，16(2)：5～8
[38] 吴爱祥．矿山溜井出矿新工艺的探讨．中国有色金属学报，1998，8(2)：763～766
[39] 殷永家，张丰田．地下矿溜井系统设计中结构参数的选定及实践体会．中国有色金属学报，1998，8(2)：771～775
[40] 孟秀平，李试义．溜井堵塞处理实例．西部探矿工程，2001，8：16
[41] 周建华，周根明．主溜井垮塌分析与研究．有色矿山，2001，30(1)：9～13
[42] 田启宏．溜井振动放矿机安装与使用的几个问题．金属矿山，1995，12：53～54
[43] 胡黄龙．溜矿井堵塞与贮矿高度的关系．有色冶金研究与设计，1995，12：53～54
[44] 刘秀礼，李怀宇．浅述溜井堵塞原因、处理方法与预防措施．四川冶金，1997，2：4～6