太仓港发展战略研究
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摘要
太仓港位于江苏省苏州市境内，东枕长江，南靠上海，北接常熟，1992年开始建设，1993年11月经江苏省人民政府批准，太仓港开发区为省级开发区，1995年12月批准为对外国籍船舶开放，1996年2月被列为省重点开发建设港口之一，太仓港批准为国家一类口岸。太仓港国际城港区现有码头540M，其中1#泊位为多用途码头，2#泊位为集装箱码头，年设计吞吐量为集装箱25万TEU，件杂货40万吨。其直接经济腹地为苏州市，同时辐射到上海、江浙等整个长江三角洲，而长江三角洲是中国经济发展最快的地区，其中江苏省GDP从1992年起连续10年保持两位数的增长，苏州市是江苏省经济发展最好的地区，苏州的经济总量在全国城市中居上海、北京、广州、深圳、天津之后列第六位，被联合国列为中国最具发展潜力的城市之一。地区经济的快速增长迫切需要港口的强有力支持作为后盾。因此对太仓港国际城港区发展战略研究，具有十分重要的意义。
本论文从太仓港的历史沿革出发，对其现状进行了分析，指出太仓港面临发展条件有待于进一步改善、周边港口的挤压、经济腹地与临近港口重叠、专业人才缺乏等一系列问题。在分析腹地内经济发展状况的基础上，对太仓港近远期的集装箱、木材、钢材的吞吐量进行了预测。根据港口吞吐量预测，从而确定港口建设的泊位数，库场容量以配套机械设备的情况，以及相关物流设施的建设规模。提出了太仓港国际城港区发展战略的目标：打造长江第一港争取成为长江大港，将大仓港建设成为上海国际航运中心相配套的组合港以及资金流、信息流、物流的中心。对太仓港发展战略的实施进行了研究，认为通过采用先进的管理体制；合理设置机构；大力开展港口设施建设；采用投资主体多元化，广泛吸收各种形式资金，解决建港大量资金；充分认识到搞好人力资源管理和开发是实施战略目标的关键；开展港口物流，明确港口定位，确定经营工作方针，与时俱进建立现代企业经营管理体系并进行运作，太仓港的战略目标一定能够实现。
Port of Taicang is located in Suzhou city, Jiangsu province with Changjiang River in east, Shanghai city in south, Changsu city in west. It is built in 1992, approved as provincial district in November 1993 by Jiangsu province, opened to foreign vessels in December 1995, listed in provincial key ports and became the first-class port in February 1996. the berths of Port of Taicang is 540 meters long , wharf nol is multi-useful while wharf no. 2 is used for containers. Her annual thruput is designed 250thousand TEU and 400thousand tons of general cargo. Her direct economic hinterland is Suzhou city, and radiate to Shanghai, JiangZhe etc the whole Changjiang delta Simultaneously. The Changjiang delta is the area that have the fastest economic development in China. Jiangsu province, which in the changjiang delta, her GDP is keeping annual increasing more than 10% for continual lOyears since 1992. Suzhou city is also the best developed area in Jiangsu province, its general economy named the sixth after that of Sh
anghai, Beijing , Guangzhou, Shenzheng and Tianjin in China, and she is one of the most developing potential cities which listed by U. N. in China. The area economy' s quickly increase is eagerly request the backing of the port' s powerful supports. Thus it' s very important to do the research on the developing strategy for the Port of Taicang to be an international port city.
This paper is searched along the Port of Taicang' s history, based on the analysis of her present condition. It dissertates that the Port of Taicang faces waiting for the developing condition' s to be more improved, pressure from neighbor ports, same economic area with other
ports and short of professional etc a set of matter. Through the introducing of doping out way, according to the character of Taicang port that she is not found so long time and have not enough information in hand, it is confirmed and choosed the doping out way. Based on the analysis of the hinterland economic conditions, it is doped out the thruput of the containers, logs and steels of Taicang port close and far period. Then, as the doping out of the port thruput to determined the number of berths to be built, the condition of the storage' s capacity with the machine equipment, and the constructing of the relevant logistics establishment. So we carry out the target for port of Taicang :Promote it to be the bigger port of the first one in Changjiang River area;To built Tangcang port as a center with the group port of Shanghai international shipping center , along with bankroll, information and logistics. With researching the actualized of the Taicang port' s developing strategy, it is found that if only adop
t advanced management system; Reasonable establish departments; Greatly build port facilities; Adopt multi-investors and comprehensively absorb all kinds of bankroll to solut the shortage of the bankroll for building port;The key for this developing schedule is the management and cutivation for labor resouce; Develop port logistics, definite port orientation, determined the working guide line of management, improved with the time, found a system with modernized business administration and to be running, the strategic object for Taicang Port should be realized.
本论文从太仓港的历史沿革出发，对其现状进行了分析，指出太仓港面临发展条件有待于进一步改善、周边港口的挤压、经济腹地与临近港口重叠、专业人才缺乏等一系列问题。在分析腹地内经济发展状况的基础上，对太仓港近远期的集装箱、木材、钢材的吞吐量进行了预测。根据港口吞吐量预测，从而确定港口建设的泊位数，库场容量以配套机械设备的情况，以及相关物流设施的建设规模。提出了太仓港国际城港区发展战略的目标：打造长江第一港争取成为长江大港，将大仓港建设成为上海国际航运中心相配套的组合港以及资金流、信息流、物流的中心。对太仓港发展战略的实施进行了研究，认为通过采用先进的管理体制；合理设置机构；大力开展港口设施建设；采用投资主体多元化，广泛吸收各种形式资金，解决建港大量资金；充分认识到搞好人力资源管理和开发是实施战略目标的关键；开展港口物流，明确港口定位，确定经营工作方针，与时俱进建立现代企业经营管理体系并进行运作，太仓港的战略目标一定能够实现。
Port of Taicang is located in Suzhou city, Jiangsu province with Changjiang River in east, Shanghai city in south, Changsu city in west. It is built in 1992, approved as provincial district in November 1993 by Jiangsu province, opened to foreign vessels in December 1995, listed in provincial key ports and became the first-class port in February 1996. the berths of Port of Taicang is 540 meters long , wharf nol is multi-useful while wharf no. 2 is used for containers. Her annual thruput is designed 250thousand TEU and 400thousand tons of general cargo. Her direct economic hinterland is Suzhou city, and radiate to Shanghai, JiangZhe etc the whole Changjiang delta Simultaneously. The Changjiang delta is the area that have the fastest economic development in China. Jiangsu province, which in the changjiang delta, her GDP is keeping annual increasing more than 10% for continual lOyears since 1992. Suzhou city is also the best developed area in Jiangsu province, its general economy named the sixth after that of Sh
anghai, Beijing , Guangzhou, Shenzheng and Tianjin in China, and she is one of the most developing potential cities which listed by U. N. in China. The area economy' s quickly increase is eagerly request the backing of the port' s powerful supports. Thus it' s very important to do the research on the developing strategy for the Port of Taicang to be an international port city.
This paper is searched along the Port of Taicang' s history, based on the analysis of her present condition. It dissertates that the Port of Taicang faces waiting for the developing condition' s to be more improved, pressure from neighbor ports, same economic area with other
ports and short of professional etc a set of matter. Through the introducing of doping out way, according to the character of Taicang port that she is not found so long time and have not enough information in hand, it is confirmed and choosed the doping out way. Based on the analysis of the hinterland economic conditions, it is doped out the thruput of the containers, logs and steels of Taicang port close and far period. Then, as the doping out of the port thruput to determined the number of berths to be built, the condition of the storage' s capacity with the machine equipment, and the constructing of the relevant logistics establishment. So we carry out the target for port of Taicang :Promote it to be the bigger port of the first one in Changjiang River area;To built Tangcang port as a center with the group port of Shanghai international shipping center , along with bankroll, information and logistics. With researching the actualized of the Taicang port' s developing strategy, it is found that if only adop
t advanced management system; Reasonable establish departments; Greatly build port facilities; Adopt multi-investors and comprehensively absorb all kinds of bankroll to solut the shortage of the bankroll for building port;The key for this developing schedule is the management and cutivation for labor resouce; Develop port logistics, definite port orientation, determined the working guide line of management, improved with the time, found a system with modernized business administration and to be running, the strategic object for Taicang Port should be realized.
引文
[1] 暴景贤、陈宏立主编 《经济预测与决策方法》暨南大学出版社1991
[2] 季如先《赢得竞争优势——企业经营基本战略》．经济管理出版社 2000年
[3] 马宗武主编 《港口经济学》 中国城市经济出版社 1989
[4] 陈玉祥、张汉亚：《预测技术及应用》 机械工业出版社 1985
[5] 杨兆升：《交通运输系统规划》 人民交通出版社 1997
[6] 苏新刚 《在WTO框架下港口发展的新局面》《中国港口》2002年第1期
[7] 陈鹏、王成等：《市场提升》 中国财经出版社 1988
[8] 赵相英《港口企业需要不断实施创新战略》．《综合运输》 2001年第1期
[9] 交通部科技情报所、《交通网络规划方法及其评估论文集》 1991
[9] 明玺 《预测与评价》 浙江教育出版社 1988
[10] 扬兆升．《运输系统规划与模型》．北京：人民交通出版社．1996．12
[11] 长江三角洲地区综合运输规划研究课题组．《长江三角洲地区综合运输规划研究．》北京：中国计划出版社．1992
[12] 张国伍．《交通运输系统分析》．成都：西南交通大学出版社．1991．
[13] 项润 《中国企业的战略问题》 《企业研究》 2001．11
[14] 陆化普．《交通规划理论与方法》．北京：清华大学出版社．1998．
[15] 消盛燮．模糊数学及应用．成都：成都科技大学出版社．1993．
[16] 王方华 吕巍 复旦大学出版社1997年 《企业战略管理》
[17] 熊振南 李耀柏 《集装箱吞吐量的灰色预测》厦门科技 2000．10
[18] 《江苏港口发展规划》交通部水运规划院2000年
[19] 尹向勇 贾顺平 《外贸货物运输需求量预测研究》铁道学报2000
[20] 顾伟红 《杂货预测方法的探讨》 上海海运学院学报2000 (021)
[21] 聂嘉玉 《长江三角洲地区港口发展物流的研究》 交通部科学研究院2002年3月
[22] 《长江三角洲地区港口发展物流的研究》交通部科学研究院20023月
[23] 张国有《如何在变化中调整企业发展战略》经济日报 2002年05月17日
[24] 祁顺生 《国际企业经营战略演进及其启示作者》《工业企业管理》2002年第2期
[25] 侯云春 《加强企业战略研究与战略管理》《经济日报》2002、5、13
[26] [美]迈克尔·哈默：《企业行动纲领》，北京，中信出版社2002年版
[27] 洪承礼 港口规划与布置 人民交通出版社 1988．6
[28] 杨玉生 港口发展与沿海经济 大连海运学院出版社 1990．
[29] 林骏 邢国江 顾伟 交通运输项目经济分析 人民交通出版社1993．
[30] 蓝海林：《核心专长的分析与确认》，《经营战略》2000年第3期。
[31] 王俐娟 《企业发展的战略定位》《改革月报》2000年第8期
[32] 王毅、应瑛 《基于核心能力的企业战略管理研究》《中国软科学》2001年第3期
[33] 孙占辉 《企业的战略实施》 《国际经济合作》2001年第7期
[34] Prahalad, C. K. and Hamel, G. (1990): The Core Competence of the Corporation, Harvard Business Review, May-June.
[35] Oliver, C. (1987): Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Combining Institutional and Resource - based Views, Strategic Management Journal, 18(9).
[36] Barton, D. L. (1992): Core Capability & Core Rigidities: a Paradox in Managing New Product Development, Strategic Management, 13(Summer).
[37] Meyer, M. H. and Utterback, J. M. (1993): The Product Family and the Dynamics of Core Capability, Sloan Management, Spring.
[38] Wernerfelf, B. (1984): A Resonrce- Based View of the Finn, Strategic Management Journal, 2 (5).
[39] Collis, D. and Montgomery, C. (1985): Competing on Resources: Strategy in the 1990' s, Harvard Business Review, July - August.
[40] Barrey, J. (1991): Finn Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage, Journal of Management, 17(1).
[41] Teece, D. J. and Shuen, A. (1997): Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management, Strategic Management Journal, 18(7).
[42] Rumelt, P. P. (1984): Towards a Strategic Theory of the Finn, in R. B. Lamb (ed), Competitive Strategic Management, Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice- Hall.
[43] L. Cser, et aL. Logistics from IMS towardl factory. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 103(2000)6-13
[44] J. de D. Ortuzar Modelling Transport John Wiley & Sons 1994
[45] Lisa H. Harringron, Strategic Alliances, Road to the Futrure," Inbound Logistics, 1992
[46] PerryA. Trunick, Helen L. Richardson, and Thomas Andel," Logistics Excellence Is Its Own Reward," Transportation and Thomax Andel." Logistics Excellence Is Its Own Rexard," Transportation and Distrbution, 1992
[47] Eiichi Taniguchi, kMichihiko Noritake etal. Optimal size and location planning of public logistics terminals. Transportation Research Part E35,1999:207-222
[2] 季如先《赢得竞争优势——企业经营基本战略》．经济管理出版社 2000年
[3] 马宗武主编 《港口经济学》 中国城市经济出版社 1989
[4] 陈玉祥、张汉亚：《预测技术及应用》 机械工业出版社 1985
[5] 杨兆升：《交通运输系统规划》 人民交通出版社 1997
[6] 苏新刚 《在WTO框架下港口发展的新局面》《中国港口》2002年第1期
[7] 陈鹏、王成等：《市场提升》 中国财经出版社 1988
[8] 赵相英《港口企业需要不断实施创新战略》．《综合运输》 2001年第1期
[9] 交通部科技情报所、《交通网络规划方法及其评估论文集》 1991
[9] 明玺 《预测与评价》 浙江教育出版社 1988
[10] 扬兆升．《运输系统规划与模型》．北京：人民交通出版社．1996．12
[11] 长江三角洲地区综合运输规划研究课题组．《长江三角洲地区综合运输规划研究．》北京：中国计划出版社．1992
[12] 张国伍．《交通运输系统分析》．成都：西南交通大学出版社．1991．
[13] 项润 《中国企业的战略问题》 《企业研究》 2001．11
[14] 陆化普．《交通规划理论与方法》．北京：清华大学出版社．1998．
[15] 消盛燮．模糊数学及应用．成都：成都科技大学出版社．1993．
[16] 王方华 吕巍 复旦大学出版社1997年 《企业战略管理》
[17] 熊振南 李耀柏 《集装箱吞吐量的灰色预测》厦门科技 2000．10
[18] 《江苏港口发展规划》交通部水运规划院2000年
[19] 尹向勇 贾顺平 《外贸货物运输需求量预测研究》铁道学报2000
[20] 顾伟红 《杂货预测方法的探讨》 上海海运学院学报2000 (021)
[21] 聂嘉玉 《长江三角洲地区港口发展物流的研究》 交通部科学研究院2002年3月
[22] 《长江三角洲地区港口发展物流的研究》交通部科学研究院20023月
[23] 张国有《如何在变化中调整企业发展战略》经济日报 2002年05月17日
[24] 祁顺生 《国际企业经营战略演进及其启示作者》《工业企业管理》2002年第2期
[25] 侯云春 《加强企业战略研究与战略管理》《经济日报》2002、5、13
[26] [美]迈克尔·哈默：《企业行动纲领》，北京，中信出版社2002年版
[27] 洪承礼 港口规划与布置 人民交通出版社 1988．6
[28] 杨玉生 港口发展与沿海经济 大连海运学院出版社 1990．
[29] 林骏 邢国江 顾伟 交通运输项目经济分析 人民交通出版社1993．
[30] 蓝海林：《核心专长的分析与确认》，《经营战略》2000年第3期。
[31] 王俐娟 《企业发展的战略定位》《改革月报》2000年第8期
[32] 王毅、应瑛 《基于核心能力的企业战略管理研究》《中国软科学》2001年第3期
[33] 孙占辉 《企业的战略实施》 《国际经济合作》2001年第7期
[34] Prahalad, C. K. and Hamel, G. (1990): The Core Competence of the Corporation, Harvard Business Review, May-June.
[35] Oliver, C. (1987): Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Combining Institutional and Resource - based Views, Strategic Management Journal, 18(9).
[36] Barton, D. L. (1992): Core Capability & Core Rigidities: a Paradox in Managing New Product Development, Strategic Management, 13(Summer).
[37] Meyer, M. H. and Utterback, J. M. (1993): The Product Family and the Dynamics of Core Capability, Sloan Management, Spring.
[38] Wernerfelf, B. (1984): A Resonrce- Based View of the Finn, Strategic Management Journal, 2 (5).
[39] Collis, D. and Montgomery, C. (1985): Competing on Resources: Strategy in the 1990' s, Harvard Business Review, July - August.
[40] Barrey, J. (1991): Finn Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage, Journal of Management, 17(1).
[41] Teece, D. J. and Shuen, A. (1997): Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management, Strategic Management Journal, 18(7).
[42] Rumelt, P. P. (1984): Towards a Strategic Theory of the Finn, in R. B. Lamb (ed), Competitive Strategic Management, Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice- Hall.
[43] L. Cser, et aL. Logistics from IMS towardl factory. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 103(2000)6-13
[44] J. de D. Ortuzar Modelling Transport John Wiley & Sons 1994
[45] Lisa H. Harringron, Strategic Alliances, Road to the Futrure," Inbound Logistics, 1992
[46] PerryA. Trunick, Helen L. Richardson, and Thomas Andel," Logistics Excellence Is Its Own Reward," Transportation and Thomax Andel." Logistics Excellence Is Its Own Rexard," Transportation and Distrbution, 1992
[47] Eiichi Taniguchi, kMichihiko Noritake etal. Optimal size and location planning of public logistics terminals. Transportation Research Part E35,1999:207-222
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