地形起伏天然气集输管线清管数值模拟研究
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摘要
随着天然气工业的不断发展,管道工业也进入了黄金发展阶段,这一点已被全球管道工程的蓬勃建设所证实。我国政府也将管道建设摆在了重要位置,并相继投产运营了西气东输、川气东送等大型管道,这些能源大动脉对国民经济的发展起了重要的作用。管道工业蓬勃发展的同时,与之相关的管道技术也相应被摆到重要位置上来,其中重要的一项就是清管技术。不管对于新建管道还是已投产管线,清管技术都有十分广泛的应用。
本论文针对地形起伏天然气集输管线,先介绍了清管系统的设备、工艺流程及相关工艺参数计算,本论文的重点是建立地形起伏天然气集输管线清管模型,通过仿真模拟清管过程,从而得到各基本参数的变化规律。由于地形起伏的影响,管中流体的流型不断发生变化,从而导致持液率的不断改变。而管中积液量的计算与持液率有关,因此,在建立清管模型之前应首先介绍管段内流型的判断方法,利用该方法确定管内流体的流型情况,再根据管内流型的不同采用不同的持液率计算方法,最终求出持液率。然后,针对地形起伏天然气集输管线,以水平管线的清管模型为基础,分别对不同地形情况建立清管物理模型,同时与管内的流体进行受力耦合分析,并结合以上的持液率计算方法和流体满足的基本方程,推导出清管数学模型。
根据建立的清管模型,对其计算过程按功能的不同进行区块划分,并应用计算机C语言对其编程处理,然后通过各功能区块的组合模拟计算整个清管参数,从而仿真模拟地形起伏集气管线的清管过程。
对于工程实例中的一条天然气集输管线,结合以上建立的清管数学模型,通过编制的程序最终计算得出一系列的清管基本参数。同时,把这些结果与PIPEPHASE软件算出的结果进行比较,部分结果完全吻合,部分结果数据的误差在工程允许误差范围以内,总的来说,到达了较好的计算效果。然后将得出的数据绘制成曲线,观察曲线的变化情况,从而了解管道中持液率、清管球速度、沿程压力等基本参数的变化规律。最后,单一改变管线的管径、流量、压力等基本参数,从而从整体上研究某参数的改变对清管工况参数的影响,将单个管段的倾角、长度改变从局部上研究管段基本参数的改变对清管工况参数的影响,以上两方面都为两相流管路的清管运行控制提供理论依据。
With the constant development of the natural gas industry,pipeline industry has entered a gold stage of development also,which has been confirmed by the booming construction of the global pipeline engineering.Our government also regard the pipeline construction as the key position and then operated the large pipeline such as the west-east gas transmission, sichuan west-east gas pipeline and so on.These energy artery played an important role in the development of national economy.The related pipeline technology has been put in a important role while the pipeline industry booming,one of them is the pigging technology.The pigging technology have a widly use both in new pipelines and pipe which has been used.The article briefly introduce the flow chart and operating principle of the pigging system.
The article is focused on the study of change rule of the basic Parameters while the pigging process in roughness of relief circumstance.Among them.the pipeline liquid loading caPacity is the important technical description which can be used to evaluate the effect of pigging.Therefore.firstly introduced the calculation method of pipeline liquid holdup.then establish pipeline physical model according to the different situation while analysis the coupling.Combining with the calculation method of pipeline liquid holdup and basic equations of fluid meet,we can get pigging mathematical model.
According to the established Pigging model, calculations'process were divided into blocks by the different functions, and application of computer C language programming to its processing, then the combination of each function block calculate the parameters of the pigging, in order to simulate the pigging process of terrain gas gathering pipeline.
For the project example of a natural gas gathering and transportation pipeline, combination of the above pigging mathematical model created, by the preparation of the final program calculate a series of basic pigging parameters. At the same time, these results compared with the result calculated by PIPEPHASE software, some results was absolutely consistent with,the error of the other results within the allowable error in the project, in general, to reach a better calculation results. Then the resulting data was plotted curve, observed the changes of curve in order to understand the law of liquid holdup in the pipeline, pigging ball speed, along the pressure changes of basic parameters, Finally, a single change in pipeline diameter, flow, pressure and other basic parameters, and thus from the whole of pipeline to study affection on pigging parameters, meanwhile, change in single pipe of inclination、the length, from the local to study affection on the pipe basic pigging parameters. Both provide a theoretical basis for the operation control of two-phase pipeline pigging.
本论文针对地形起伏天然气集输管线,先介绍了清管系统的设备、工艺流程及相关工艺参数计算,本论文的重点是建立地形起伏天然气集输管线清管模型,通过仿真模拟清管过程,从而得到各基本参数的变化规律。由于地形起伏的影响,管中流体的流型不断发生变化,从而导致持液率的不断改变。而管中积液量的计算与持液率有关,因此,在建立清管模型之前应首先介绍管段内流型的判断方法,利用该方法确定管内流体的流型情况,再根据管内流型的不同采用不同的持液率计算方法,最终求出持液率。然后,针对地形起伏天然气集输管线,以水平管线的清管模型为基础,分别对不同地形情况建立清管物理模型,同时与管内的流体进行受力耦合分析,并结合以上的持液率计算方法和流体满足的基本方程,推导出清管数学模型。
根据建立的清管模型,对其计算过程按功能的不同进行区块划分,并应用计算机C语言对其编程处理,然后通过各功能区块的组合模拟计算整个清管参数,从而仿真模拟地形起伏集气管线的清管过程。
对于工程实例中的一条天然气集输管线,结合以上建立的清管数学模型,通过编制的程序最终计算得出一系列的清管基本参数。同时,把这些结果与PIPEPHASE软件算出的结果进行比较,部分结果完全吻合,部分结果数据的误差在工程允许误差范围以内,总的来说,到达了较好的计算效果。然后将得出的数据绘制成曲线,观察曲线的变化情况,从而了解管道中持液率、清管球速度、沿程压力等基本参数的变化规律。最后,单一改变管线的管径、流量、压力等基本参数,从而从整体上研究某参数的改变对清管工况参数的影响,将单个管段的倾角、长度改变从局部上研究管段基本参数的改变对清管工况参数的影响,以上两方面都为两相流管路的清管运行控制提供理论依据。
With the constant development of the natural gas industry,pipeline industry has entered a gold stage of development also,which has been confirmed by the booming construction of the global pipeline engineering.Our government also regard the pipeline construction as the key position and then operated the large pipeline such as the west-east gas transmission, sichuan west-east gas pipeline and so on.These energy artery played an important role in the development of national economy.The related pipeline technology has been put in a important role while the pipeline industry booming,one of them is the pigging technology.The pigging technology have a widly use both in new pipelines and pipe which has been used.The article briefly introduce the flow chart and operating principle of the pigging system.
The article is focused on the study of change rule of the basic Parameters while the pigging process in roughness of relief circumstance.Among them.the pipeline liquid loading caPacity is the important technical description which can be used to evaluate the effect of pigging.Therefore.firstly introduced the calculation method of pipeline liquid holdup.then establish pipeline physical model according to the different situation while analysis the coupling.Combining with the calculation method of pipeline liquid holdup and basic equations of fluid meet,we can get pigging mathematical model.
According to the established Pigging model, calculations'process were divided into blocks by the different functions, and application of computer C language programming to its processing, then the combination of each function block calculate the parameters of the pigging, in order to simulate the pigging process of terrain gas gathering pipeline.
For the project example of a natural gas gathering and transportation pipeline, combination of the above pigging mathematical model created, by the preparation of the final program calculate a series of basic pigging parameters. At the same time, these results compared with the result calculated by PIPEPHASE software, some results was absolutely consistent with,the error of the other results within the allowable error in the project, in general, to reach a better calculation results. Then the resulting data was plotted curve, observed the changes of curve in order to understand the law of liquid holdup in the pipeline, pigging ball speed, along the pressure changes of basic parameters, Finally, a single change in pipeline diameter, flow, pressure and other basic parameters, and thus from the whole of pipeline to study affection on pigging parameters, meanwhile, change in single pipe of inclination、the length, from the local to study affection on the pipe basic pigging parameters. Both provide a theoretical basis for the operation control of two-phase pipeline pigging.
引文
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[4]朱熹平.天然气长输管道清管技术[J].石油工程建设.2005,6
[5]丁尚龙,王瑜琦.清管器的运行控制浅析[J].城市燃气.2005,7
[6]Beggs& Brill H D. A Study of Two-Phase Flow in Inclined Pipes[J]. J P T,1973, (5):607-617
[7]郭江,黄坤,乔学庆.塔轮输气管线清管工艺[J].内蒙古石油化工.2009,3
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[9]李天太,方明,董悦等.输气管线清管通球运行规律及计算方法[J].天然气工业.1997(17)：63-66
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[11]李莉萍,王卫红,曲伟国.天然气高压管道带气通球清管的分析[J].煤气与热力.2003,5(23)
[12]李长俊,汪玉春等.天然气管道输送[M]北京：石油工业出版社,2000.11
[13]冯叔初,郭揆常,王学敏.油气集输[M]东营：石油大学出版社,2002.7
[14]曾自强,张育芳等.天然气集输工程[M]北京：石油工业出版社,2001.11
[15]麻特,孙维中,李德宝等.库鄯输油管道清管技术分析[J].油气储运.1999,18(4)：20-27
[16]刘宏波,吴明,周立峰.输油管线中清管器运行规律研究[J].天然气与石油.2006,2(24)
[17]朱建平.浅谈清管器运行速度控制[J].石油化工应用.2009,4(28)
[18]史培玉,李玉星,喻西崇等.水平管路清管过程流动参数变化规律模拟研究[J]·中国海上油气工程.2003,12(15)
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