桥梁结构精细计算
摘要
桥梁结构的力学分析是桥梁设计与建设中的重要问题之一。现有的桥梁有限元软件大多使用梁单元或杆单元进行模拟分析。梁和杆单元模型无法准确模拟实体构件的扭转和弯曲,不能全面分析截面各处的应力和应变,对于混凝土结构中的钢筋和预应力筋模拟也存在着困难。使用ANSYS或ABAQUS等通用有限元软件对桥梁进行实体建模和分析时,由于缺乏专业性,在使用过程中存在操作上的不便和繁琐。
针对混凝土中预应力筋和预应力的处理方法开展研究,对比了非节点连接有限元理论和ABAQUS软件中的Embedded region方法的基本原理及计算性能。对两种方法处理加筋构件的优缺点进行了较为全面的评述,揭示了非节点连接方法比Embedded region方法更具有普遍适应能力。
为快速建立变截面箱梁的含筋实体有限元模型,基于Python语言和ABAQUS软件的二次开发功能,研究了利用插件功能在ABAQUS中实现参数化有限元建模的原理和步骤,开发了箱型桥梁的参数化建模插件和模型输出插件。箱梁桥参数化建模插件解决了手工操作的繁琐、易错问题,有效地提高了箱梁实体有限元模型的建模速度。
利用箱梁参数化建模插件对某变截面箱梁桥进行了有限元实体建模和分析,在准确模拟预应力筋的基础上,详细分析了桥梁挠度、各处应力和横截面变形状态,实证了箱梁桥实体有限元分析的效果和精度,对箱梁桥的精细有限元分析方法进行了有益的探索。
The mechanical analysis of bridge was one of the important issues in structure design and construction of the bridge. At present,Most of the finite element software of bridges was using beam and truss elements to carry out simulation and analysis. Beam and truss elements could not accurately simulate the phenomenon of contortion and bending and a comprehensive analysis of the stress throughout the cross-section. It has a difficulty in simulation of reinforced concrete structure problems. Because of the lack of expertise in general software, there are many difficulties in solid modeling and analysis of the whole bridge structure.
In this paper, Simulation methods of reinforced and pre-stressed reinforcement were introduced. After comparison of non-node finite element method and embedded region method of ABAQUS, there has reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of both methods. The widespread adaptability of non-node finite element method was revealed in the thesis.
Python language and secondary development function of ABAQUS software was introduced in the second chapter. Parametric modeling plug-in of box-girder bridges and model output plug-ins were introduced in the fourth chapter. Modeling plug-in increases the efficiency of box-girder bridges modeling.
By the example in the sixth chapter showed that, the use of parametric modeling plug-ins to effectively solve the model creation and assembly of the cumbersome and error-prone and other issues.It improved the efficiency of pre-treatment. The example demonstrated the superiority of the bridge solid element analysis. When the pre-stressed reinforced was build, the deflection, stress and deformation of cross section of the bridge was analyzed in detail. A new idea about fine analysis of the bridge has been tried in the article.
针对混凝土中预应力筋和预应力的处理方法开展研究,对比了非节点连接有限元理论和ABAQUS软件中的Embedded region方法的基本原理及计算性能。对两种方法处理加筋构件的优缺点进行了较为全面的评述,揭示了非节点连接方法比Embedded region方法更具有普遍适应能力。
为快速建立变截面箱梁的含筋实体有限元模型,基于Python语言和ABAQUS软件的二次开发功能,研究了利用插件功能在ABAQUS中实现参数化有限元建模的原理和步骤,开发了箱型桥梁的参数化建模插件和模型输出插件。箱梁桥参数化建模插件解决了手工操作的繁琐、易错问题,有效地提高了箱梁实体有限元模型的建模速度。
利用箱梁参数化建模插件对某变截面箱梁桥进行了有限元实体建模和分析,在准确模拟预应力筋的基础上,详细分析了桥梁挠度、各处应力和横截面变形状态,实证了箱梁桥实体有限元分析的效果和精度,对箱梁桥的精细有限元分析方法进行了有益的探索。
The mechanical analysis of bridge was one of the important issues in structure design and construction of the bridge. At present,Most of the finite element software of bridges was using beam and truss elements to carry out simulation and analysis. Beam and truss elements could not accurately simulate the phenomenon of contortion and bending and a comprehensive analysis of the stress throughout the cross-section. It has a difficulty in simulation of reinforced concrete structure problems. Because of the lack of expertise in general software, there are many difficulties in solid modeling and analysis of the whole bridge structure.
In this paper, Simulation methods of reinforced and pre-stressed reinforcement were introduced. After comparison of non-node finite element method and embedded region method of ABAQUS, there has reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of both methods. The widespread adaptability of non-node finite element method was revealed in the thesis.
Python language and secondary development function of ABAQUS software was introduced in the second chapter. Parametric modeling plug-in of box-girder bridges and model output plug-ins were introduced in the fourth chapter. Modeling plug-in increases the efficiency of box-girder bridges modeling.
By the example in the sixth chapter showed that, the use of parametric modeling plug-ins to effectively solve the model creation and assembly of the cumbersome and error-prone and other issues.It improved the efficiency of pre-treatment. The example demonstrated the superiority of the bridge solid element analysis. When the pre-stressed reinforced was build, the deflection, stress and deformation of cross section of the bridge was analyzed in detail. A new idea about fine analysis of the bridge has been tried in the article.
引文
[1]蔺鹏臻,刘世忠.桥梁结构有限元分析[M].科学出版社2008.6
[2]刘祥君.桥梁建设中有限单元法应用的研究(硕士学位论文)[D].天津.天津大学.2005
[3]葛俊颖,王立友.基于ANSYS的桥梁结构分析[M].中国铁道出版社.2007
[4]梁柱,叶贵如.桥梁三维实体有限元模型建立方法[J].铁路标准设计.2005(1):60-61
[5]张伟民,毛志鑫,陈衡治.预应力混凝土箱梁结构三维实体有限元计算方法研究[J].现代交通技术.2006(4).29-33
[6]郭金琼,房贞政,郑振.箱型梁设计理论[M].人民交通出版社.2008
[7]章关永,胡大琳.桥梁结构试验[M].人民交通出版社.2002
[8]余永汉.变截面混凝土连续箱梁桥剪滞效应理论分析与试验研究(硕士学位论文)[D].成都.西南交通大学.2006
[9]江见鲸,陆新征,叶列平.混凝土结构有限元分析[M].清华大学出版社.2005
[10] Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp. ABAQUS /CAE User’s Manual version6.8 [M] . Pawtucket. USA: ABAQUS.Inc.2008
[11]王家林.非节点连接有限元理论及其软件实现(博士学位)[D].重庆.重庆大学论文. 2008
[12]王家林,陈山林,肖盛燮.有限元分析中三维体院和梁元的非节点连接[J].重庆交通学院学报.2006.25(2):28-30.48
[13]王家林,陈山林,彭凯等.平面梁单元的非节点连接方法[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版).2005.28(11):134-137
[14]甘亭用,王家林.有限元非节点链接方法与刚臂技术的比较[J] .重庆交通学院学报.2006.25(Sup.):38-39.55
[15]庄茁,张帆,芩松,等.ABAQUS非线性有限元分析与实例[M].科学出版社.2005
[16]石亦平,周玉蓉.ABAQUS有限元分析实例详解[M].机械工业出版社.2006
[17]庄茁,由小川,廖剑辉,等.基于ABAQUS的有限元分析和应用[M].清华大学版社,2009
[18]刘展,祖景平.ABAQUS6.6基础教程与实例详解[M].水利水电出版社.2008
[19]赵腾伦.ABAQUS6.6在机械工程中的应用[M].中国水利水电出版社.2007
[20]王金昌,陈页开.ABAQUS在土木工程中的应用[M].浙江大学出版社.2006
[21]方秦,还毅,陈力,等.ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型的静力分析[J].解放军理工大学学报.2007.8(3) 254-259
[22]朱海燕.单轴及双轴受压应力状态下RPC材料的塑性损伤分析(硕士学位论文)[D].北京.北京交通大学.2008
[23]张劲,王庆扬,胡守营,等.ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型参数验证[J].建筑结构.2008.38(8):127-130
[24]刘伟.型钢高强度混凝土柱轴压比限值的试验研究(硕士学位论文)[D].重庆.重庆大学.2007
[25]肖建,林海波.Python编程基础[M].清华大学出版社. 2003
[26]宋吉广.Python核心编程[M].人民邮电出版社.2008
[27]杨昆,汪兴东.Python程序员指南[M].中国青年出版社.2001
[28]刘朋科.高压输电线路数值模拟中参数化有限元法(硕士学位论文)[D].重庆.重庆大学.2007
[29]Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp.ABAQUS Scripting Reference Manual version6.8[M].Pawtucket. USA: ABAQUS Inc. 2008.
[30]Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp.ABAQUS Scripting User’s Manual version6.8 [M]. Pawtucket.USA: ABAQUS Inc.2008.
[31]Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp.ABAQUS GUI Toolkit User’s Manual version6.8 [M]. Pawtucket.USA: ABAQUS Inc.2008.
[32]Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp.ABAQUS GUI Toolkit Reference Manual version6.8 [M]. Pawtucket.USA: ABAQUS Inc.2008.
[33]曹金凤,石亦平.ABAQUS有限元分析常见问题解答[M].机械工业出版社.2009
[34]赵曼,王新敏,高静.预应力混凝土结构有限元数值分析[J].石家庄铁道学院学报.2004.17(1):79-83
[35]李国平.预应力混凝土结构设计原理[M].人民交通出版社.2000
[36]楼铁炯.无粘结预应力梁的有限元建模与性能分析研究(博士学位论文)[D].杭州.浙江大学.2005
[37]王家林.钢筋混凝土结构空间有限元的体梁结合单元[J].工程力学.2002.19(6)131-135
[38]鲍荣浩,卢文浩. ABAQUS前处理程序二次开发在蜂窝材料中的应用[J].工程设计学报.2003.10(6):330-333
[39] Cojocaru D, Karlsson A.M. An object-oriented approach for modeling and simulation of crack growth in cyclically loaded structures [J]. Advances in Engineering Software. 2008.39:995–1009
[40] Giner, E. Sukumar, N.Tarancón, J.E.Fuenmayor, F.J. An Abaqus implementation of the extended finite element method [J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics.2009. 76 (3):347-368
[41]钟同圣,卫丰,王鸷等. Python语言和ABAQUS前处理二次开发[J].郑州大学学报(自然科学版).2006.38(1):60-62
[42]王田修,甘忠,张志国等. ABAQUS前处理二次开发在机构模拟中的应用[J].计算机仿真.2008.25(7):54-57
[43]朱兆华,黄菊花,张庭芳等.基于ABAQUS的板料成形数值模拟摩擦模型的二次开发[J].锻压技术.2005(6):27-29
[44]宋岩新,杨庆,唐小微等.ABAQUS后处理二次开发在海底管线稳定性分析中的应用.中国海洋平台.2008.23(4):18-22
[45]郭玲,杨合邱,李恒等.基于Python的ABAQUS后处理研究开发及其在薄壁数控弯曲中的应用.塑性工程学报.2007.14(5).32-36
[46]Khennane A,Performance design of reinforced concrete slabs using commercial finite element software[J].Structural Concrete.2005.6(4):141-147
[47]宋一凡,贺拴海.公路桥梁荷载试验与结构评定[M].人民交通出版社.2002
[48]刘效尧,蔡键,刘晖.桥梁损伤诊断[M].人民交通出版社.2002
[49]杨红霞,陈尚和.预应力连续箱型梁桥静载有限元分析[J].测试技术学报.2004.18(1). 90-93
[50]贺拴海.桥梁结构理论与计算方法[M].人民交通出版社.2003
[51]张士铎,王文州.桥梁工程结构中的负剪力滞效应[M].人民交通出版社.2004
[52]范立础,徐光辉.桥梁工程[M].人民交通出版社.2007
[2]刘祥君.桥梁建设中有限单元法应用的研究(硕士学位论文)[D].天津.天津大学.2005
[3]葛俊颖,王立友.基于ANSYS的桥梁结构分析[M].中国铁道出版社.2007
[4]梁柱,叶贵如.桥梁三维实体有限元模型建立方法[J].铁路标准设计.2005(1):60-61
[5]张伟民,毛志鑫,陈衡治.预应力混凝土箱梁结构三维实体有限元计算方法研究[J].现代交通技术.2006(4).29-33
[6]郭金琼,房贞政,郑振.箱型梁设计理论[M].人民交通出版社.2008
[7]章关永,胡大琳.桥梁结构试验[M].人民交通出版社.2002
[8]余永汉.变截面混凝土连续箱梁桥剪滞效应理论分析与试验研究(硕士学位论文)[D].成都.西南交通大学.2006
[9]江见鲸,陆新征,叶列平.混凝土结构有限元分析[M].清华大学出版社.2005
[10] Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp. ABAQUS /CAE User’s Manual version6.8 [M] . Pawtucket. USA: ABAQUS.Inc.2008
[11]王家林.非节点连接有限元理论及其软件实现(博士学位)[D].重庆.重庆大学论文. 2008
[12]王家林,陈山林,肖盛燮.有限元分析中三维体院和梁元的非节点连接[J].重庆交通学院学报.2006.25(2):28-30.48
[13]王家林,陈山林,彭凯等.平面梁单元的非节点连接方法[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版).2005.28(11):134-137
[14]甘亭用,王家林.有限元非节点链接方法与刚臂技术的比较[J] .重庆交通学院学报.2006.25(Sup.):38-39.55
[15]庄茁,张帆,芩松,等.ABAQUS非线性有限元分析与实例[M].科学出版社.2005
[16]石亦平,周玉蓉.ABAQUS有限元分析实例详解[M].机械工业出版社.2006
[17]庄茁,由小川,廖剑辉,等.基于ABAQUS的有限元分析和应用[M].清华大学版社,2009
[18]刘展,祖景平.ABAQUS6.6基础教程与实例详解[M].水利水电出版社.2008
[19]赵腾伦.ABAQUS6.6在机械工程中的应用[M].中国水利水电出版社.2007
[20]王金昌,陈页开.ABAQUS在土木工程中的应用[M].浙江大学出版社.2006
[21]方秦,还毅,陈力,等.ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型的静力分析[J].解放军理工大学学报.2007.8(3) 254-259
[22]朱海燕.单轴及双轴受压应力状态下RPC材料的塑性损伤分析(硕士学位论文)[D].北京.北京交通大学.2008
[23]张劲,王庆扬,胡守营,等.ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型参数验证[J].建筑结构.2008.38(8):127-130
[24]刘伟.型钢高强度混凝土柱轴压比限值的试验研究(硕士学位论文)[D].重庆.重庆大学.2007
[25]肖建,林海波.Python编程基础[M].清华大学出版社. 2003
[26]宋吉广.Python核心编程[M].人民邮电出版社.2008
[27]杨昆,汪兴东.Python程序员指南[M].中国青年出版社.2001
[28]刘朋科.高压输电线路数值模拟中参数化有限元法(硕士学位论文)[D].重庆.重庆大学.2007
[29]Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp.ABAQUS Scripting Reference Manual version6.8[M].Pawtucket. USA: ABAQUS Inc. 2008.
[30]Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp.ABAQUS Scripting User’s Manual version6.8 [M]. Pawtucket.USA: ABAQUS Inc.2008.
[31]Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp.ABAQUS GUI Toolkit User’s Manual version6.8 [M]. Pawtucket.USA: ABAQUS Inc.2008.
[32]Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp.ABAQUS GUI Toolkit Reference Manual version6.8 [M]. Pawtucket.USA: ABAQUS Inc.2008.
[33]曹金凤,石亦平.ABAQUS有限元分析常见问题解答[M].机械工业出版社.2009
[34]赵曼,王新敏,高静.预应力混凝土结构有限元数值分析[J].石家庄铁道学院学报.2004.17(1):79-83
[35]李国平.预应力混凝土结构设计原理[M].人民交通出版社.2000
[36]楼铁炯.无粘结预应力梁的有限元建模与性能分析研究(博士学位论文)[D].杭州.浙江大学.2005
[37]王家林.钢筋混凝土结构空间有限元的体梁结合单元[J].工程力学.2002.19(6)131-135
[38]鲍荣浩,卢文浩. ABAQUS前处理程序二次开发在蜂窝材料中的应用[J].工程设计学报.2003.10(6):330-333
[39] Cojocaru D, Karlsson A.M. An object-oriented approach for modeling and simulation of crack growth in cyclically loaded structures [J]. Advances in Engineering Software. 2008.39:995–1009
[40] Giner, E. Sukumar, N.Tarancón, J.E.Fuenmayor, F.J. An Abaqus implementation of the extended finite element method [J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics.2009. 76 (3):347-368
[41]钟同圣,卫丰,王鸷等. Python语言和ABAQUS前处理二次开发[J].郑州大学学报(自然科学版).2006.38(1):60-62
[42]王田修,甘忠,张志国等. ABAQUS前处理二次开发在机构模拟中的应用[J].计算机仿真.2008.25(7):54-57
[43]朱兆华,黄菊花,张庭芳等.基于ABAQUS的板料成形数值模拟摩擦模型的二次开发[J].锻压技术.2005(6):27-29
[44]宋岩新,杨庆,唐小微等.ABAQUS后处理二次开发在海底管线稳定性分析中的应用.中国海洋平台.2008.23(4):18-22
[45]郭玲,杨合邱,李恒等.基于Python的ABAQUS后处理研究开发及其在薄壁数控弯曲中的应用.塑性工程学报.2007.14(5).32-36
[46]Khennane A,Performance design of reinforced concrete slabs using commercial finite element software[J].Structural Concrete.2005.6(4):141-147
[47]宋一凡,贺拴海.公路桥梁荷载试验与结构评定[M].人民交通出版社.2002
[48]刘效尧,蔡键,刘晖.桥梁损伤诊断[M].人民交通出版社.2002
[49]杨红霞,陈尚和.预应力连续箱型梁桥静载有限元分析[J].测试技术学报.2004.18(1). 90-93
[50]贺拴海.桥梁结构理论与计算方法[M].人民交通出版社.2003
[51]张士铎,王文州.桥梁工程结构中的负剪力滞效应[M].人民交通出版社.2004
[52]范立础,徐光辉.桥梁工程[M].人民交通出版社.2007
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