地质矿产数据库的建立与隐伏矿体立体定量预测研究
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摘要
本文是基于研究项目“广西大厂矿田地质矿产数据库的建立与开发”而进行的,属于其中的一个子课题和延伸研究项目。
本文针对矿山可接替资源的评价和找矿问题,以广西大厂锡多金属矿床为实验平台,深入地研究了矿床立体三维数字化建模描述和隐伏矿体立体定量预测的有关理论和实践方法。本文在总结和吸纳现有矿产资源定量评价、数据挖掘、三维地学建模、三维GIS等现代技术与方法的基础上,通过收集广西大厂锡多金属矿和锡铁山铅锌矿多年积累的地质勘探等原始资料,建立和开发了符合数据中心模式的隐伏矿体预测专题数据库,并在此基础上研究和实现了数字矿床的空间数据模型与空间数据库、地质体几何模型与离散模型、地质场数字化建模与控矿作用空间分析,提出了适应于危机矿山可接替资源找矿特点的隐伏矿体立体定量预测的有关理论与方法。
本文研究提出的基于数字矿床的隐伏矿体立体定量预测的有关理论与方法可归纳为：以矿床实际勘探资料原始数据为基础,通过采用大型关系数据库技术、数据处理技术、GIS及网络技术等现代技术,针对广西大厂矿田隐伏矿体建立预测专题数据库,并以专题数据库为资源平台,以控矿地质条件定性分析等地质知识或模型为指导,以地质条件控矿作用定量化为导向,以三维数字矿床理论为方法论,通过地质体和地质场三维数字化建模,提取地质控矿作用定量化指标,建立地质控矿作用指标变量到矿化分布指标变量映射关系的矿化数学模型,进而基于该模型对矿区深边部等未知区的矿化分布进行定量推断和预测。
本文主要是开展隐伏矿体预测的尝试性研究,实现隐伏矿体的定质、定位和定量预测,加快推进隐伏矿体找矿进程,提高找矿勘探精度,降低找矿勘探风险和成本。
本文着重研究了以下主要内容：
1、从矿床勘探及矿床描述角度出发,研究了数字矿床的有关理论,构造了数字矿床的空间数据模型即矿床地质空间对象模型；
2、分析了广西大厂矿田矿床地质条件与成矿模式；
3、针对隐伏矿体预测设计与建立了广西大厂隐伏矿体预测专题数据库；
4、对预测专题数据进行数据预处理；
5、对矿体地质特征进行定量分析；
6、建立地质体几何模型和离散模型
7、控矿地质条件定量分析与控矿作用定量模型建模
8、建立矿床三维数学模型
9、开展隐伏矿体立体定量预测
通过该研究,建立了大厂矿田隐伏矿体预测专题数据库,构建了大厂锡多金属矿床的矿床数学模型,实现了深边部隐伏矿体的立体定位定量预测,圈定了找矿靶区,并在靶区内找到了大储量的矿体。主要取得了如下研究成果：
1、根据大型矿山综合数据需求,按照数据中心模式,对资料的分类、编码、数字化和管理进行了研究和抽象,建立了地质矿产资料分类体系和数字化生产流程。
2、建立了大厂矿田隐伏矿体预测专题数据库,实现了地质矿产资料的数字化和电子化存储,为今后各项研究、找矿勘探工作的开展提供了统一的、标准化的数据资源平台。
3、实现了地质体、地质作用和矿床对象的数字化；研究了地质空间三维立体单元离散化技术、连续地质体与连续地质作用离散化理论与方法。
4、建立了地质体几何模型和离散模型,实现了地质控矿作用的定量化；建立了高次曲面方程和非线形最优问题的通用求解方法。
5、总结了成矿规律和成矿模式,建立了定量地揭示成矿规律的三维矿床数学模型,包括矿床对象、矿床结构和矿化泛函模型；提出了矿床对象、矿床结构和矿化泛函模型的新理论。
6、基于定量预测模型,进行了深边部隐伏矿体预测,提供了定位、定质、定量的三维预测成果,提交了成果预测图,为找矿靶区圈定提供依据；首次提出了矿床数学模型外推边界条件的概念,创新了三维地质空间的控矿空间变量的自动外推理论与方法。
本研究及其成果具有重要的现实意义和社会经济意义,主要表现在：
1、广西大厂矿田隐伏矿体预测专题数据库的建立,实现了地质矿产资料的数字化和电子化存储,为以后各项研究、找矿勘探工作的进行提供了统一的、标准化的数据资源平台。
2、地质控矿作用定量模型和矿床三维数学模型的建立,不仅使大厂锡多金属矿床的地质控矿规律和成矿模式从定性化认识得到了定量化的表述,而且还揭示了以前未发现的隐含的地质控矿规律,从定量化角度深化了大厂锡矿田成矿规律的科学认识和全面总结,为以后找矿勘探和成矿理论的发展提供了定量类比的理论基础。
3、本研究得出的三维立体定量预测成果与传统预测相比,具有空间真三维、结果全定量化、数据精确度高、预测深度大的优点,可精确地指导在三维空间中圈定找矿靶位,真正提高找矿勘探精度,降低找矿勘探风险和成本。
4、实现了地质矿产资料、资料管理、地质体、地质作用、矿床对象的数字化和电子化,积累了数字化和信息化方面的研究成果与实践经验,为今后矿山企业实现数字矿山具有实践上的参考意义。
5、本研究在地质矿产数据库领域已处于国内较领先水平；在地质体几何模型与离散模型、矿床三维数学模型和隐伏矿体立体定量预测方面,取得了一定的理论成果。
6、该项目经湖南省科技厅组织、省国土资源厅主持的科技成果鉴定会认为,本项目研究方法新颖、正确,技术路线先进、合理,应用效果显著,实现了隐伏矿体有效的立体定位定量预测,整体达到同类研究国际先进水平。预测成果后经广西215队探矿工程验证,获得了大量金属矿产资源量,潜在的经济价值超过40亿元。为此,该项目获得了中国有色金属工业科学技术二等奖。
This thesis has taken the research program of "Foundation and development on geology and mining database of Dachang ore field" as a basis.
Focusing on the issue of assessing and prospecting replaceable resource of crisis mines, the author has dived into the research on the basic theories and implementing methods of the3D digital modeling and characterization of mineral deposit and the stereo quantitative prediction of concealed ore body by taking Dachang tin polymetallic ore deposit as the experimental platform. This research assimilates modern theories and methods of quantitative appraisal of mineral resources,3D geoscience modeling,3D GIS, etc. Following the data-center construction model, the central database for geology and mineral resource is devised and the management system is developed with the geological exploration raw data of Dachang tin polymetallic mine and Xitieshan Pb-Zn mine. This paper proposes and explores the theory of3D digital deposit oriented to the objective characterization of mineral deposit, studies and implements the spatial data model and spatial database of digital deposit, the geometric and discrete models of geological body, the digital modeling of geological field and the spatial analysis of geological ore-controlling factors. And then, the stereo quantitative prediction theory and method of concealed ore body suited for prospecting replaceable resource of crisis mine is set up.
The stereo quantitative prediction theory and method of concealed ore body based on digital deposit established in this research can be summed up as follows. Based on the practical mineral exploration raw data, guided by geological knowledge and models such as qualitative analysis of ore-controlling conditions, directed by the quantization of geological conditions' ore-controlling effects, with the methodology of3D digital deposit theory, the mineralization mathematical models defining the mapping relations from the geological ore-controlling indexes to the mineralization distribution indexes can be built and then the quantitative inference and prediction can be made from the models, by means of building the3D digital models of geological objects and geological fields and extracting the quantitative indexes of the geological ore-controlling effects.
This thesis mainly discusses the foundation on geology and mining database of concealed ore body by applying the modern technologies of large-scale relational database and internet technology ect, in order to informationise the management of a large quantity of geology information in Dachang ore field. Meanwhile, regard geology mine database as a resource platform, try-prospecting research on concealed deposit is carried out for the prediction of quality, location and quantity to substantially speed up the exploration procedures for concealed deposits, advance the precision of mine exploration and reduce the risk of mine exploration and its cost.
This thesis mainly focuses on the following research aspects:
1. From the description of mineral exploration and deposit the perspective of research on the theory of digital deposit is constructed of digital spatial data model that deposits Geological Spatial Object Model;
2. Geology situation analysis of Dachang ore field deposits and its mine formation mode;
3. Design and foundation of special database on concealed ore body prospect;
4. Deal with special database of prospect in advance;
5. Quantitative analysis on deposit geology characters
6. Foundation of geometric modeling of geologic body
7. Quantitative analysis of ore controlling geologic situations and modeling of ore controlling effects quantitative model
8. Foundation of three-dimensional Mathematical model
9. Three-dimensional quantitative prospect of concealed deposit
The research program has aimed at setting up giant-scale central information database of geology mining in Dachang ore field, the development of its management system, the foundation of Mathematical model of polymetallic tin deposit, realization of three-dimensional location and quantitative prospect of concealed ore body in deep and boundary areas. Meanwhile, the following research achievements have been accomplished.
1. Geology mining materials were calssfied scientical.
2. Foundation on geology and mining database of concealed ore body in Dachang ore field, realization of the digitalization of geology deposit information and electronification storage, offering cohesive and standardized data resources platform of sharing geology mining materials, future research, mine exploration, production and informationization development.
3. Digitalized the information on geology body, geologic effects and deposit objects; created three-dimensional unit Rasterizing Technique in geologic space, discretization theory and methods on continuous Geological body and continuous geologic effects.
4. Foundation of geometric modeling of geologic body; realization of the quantification of geological controlling mine effects; foundation of higher curved surface equation and usual solution of nonlinear optimized matter.
5. Summarized regulations and scales of mine formulation, foundation of3D deposit digital model of quantitative revealing of mining formation rules, including deposit objects, deposit structures and mineralization Functional model; first suggested deposit objects, deposit structures and new theory of mineralization functional model;
6. Based on quantitative prospect model, concealed mine body prospects in deep and boundary areas have been carried out, suggested3D prospect result on location, quality and quantity, chart of achievements'prospects, offer references for mine exploration ranges; put forward the concept of extrapolated boundary conditions of deposit digital model, created automatic extrapolated theory and ways of controlling mining space3D variable in geological space.
This research program has cherished reality significance, theory value and benefited the social economy as well:
1. Foundation on geology and mining database of concealed ore body management realized of the informationization of geology mining information and formed its storage version which could be reserved permanently. Offer a cohesive and standardized data resources platform of mining exploration, production and informationization for future subject research.
2. Found quantitative model of geology controlling effects and deposit3D mathematical model, which has offered quantitative descriptions on geology controlling mine rules in Dachang polymetallic tin deposits and mining formation mode and revealed the rules of concealed geology controlling mining. From the quantitative perspective, we have gained a good knowledge and deepened our understanding of the rules of mine formation in Dachang tin ore field, which has laid a theory foundation for the quantitative comparison for mine exploration and the advance of mine formation theory.
3. Compared with traditional ways of mine exploration,3D quantitative prospect has the advantage of relatively higher data precision and deeper exploration levels which would be able to instruct mining exploration point accurately advance its accuracy and reduce its risks and cost.
4. Digitalize geology mining information, material management, geology body, geology effects and deposit objects; accomplished the research achievements and practice experiences on digitalization and informationization; provided practical references for the realization of digitalized mine body and groups in mine enterprises and limited groups.
5. This research has played a national leading role in geology mining database field; accomplished great theory achievements on geometric modeling of ore body and digitalization, deposit3D mathematical model and3D quantitative prospect of concealed mine body, which has ranked top around the world.
6. According to the chart, finding the area on concealed mine body. And later some mine bodies about40millions RMB were found. So the research program won the Second Place Winner of the nonferrous metals industry Science&Technology.
本文针对矿山可接替资源的评价和找矿问题,以广西大厂锡多金属矿床为实验平台,深入地研究了矿床立体三维数字化建模描述和隐伏矿体立体定量预测的有关理论和实践方法。本文在总结和吸纳现有矿产资源定量评价、数据挖掘、三维地学建模、三维GIS等现代技术与方法的基础上,通过收集广西大厂锡多金属矿和锡铁山铅锌矿多年积累的地质勘探等原始资料,建立和开发了符合数据中心模式的隐伏矿体预测专题数据库,并在此基础上研究和实现了数字矿床的空间数据模型与空间数据库、地质体几何模型与离散模型、地质场数字化建模与控矿作用空间分析,提出了适应于危机矿山可接替资源找矿特点的隐伏矿体立体定量预测的有关理论与方法。
本文研究提出的基于数字矿床的隐伏矿体立体定量预测的有关理论与方法可归纳为：以矿床实际勘探资料原始数据为基础,通过采用大型关系数据库技术、数据处理技术、GIS及网络技术等现代技术,针对广西大厂矿田隐伏矿体建立预测专题数据库,并以专题数据库为资源平台,以控矿地质条件定性分析等地质知识或模型为指导,以地质条件控矿作用定量化为导向,以三维数字矿床理论为方法论,通过地质体和地质场三维数字化建模,提取地质控矿作用定量化指标,建立地质控矿作用指标变量到矿化分布指标变量映射关系的矿化数学模型,进而基于该模型对矿区深边部等未知区的矿化分布进行定量推断和预测。
本文主要是开展隐伏矿体预测的尝试性研究,实现隐伏矿体的定质、定位和定量预测,加快推进隐伏矿体找矿进程,提高找矿勘探精度,降低找矿勘探风险和成本。
本文着重研究了以下主要内容：
1、从矿床勘探及矿床描述角度出发,研究了数字矿床的有关理论,构造了数字矿床的空间数据模型即矿床地质空间对象模型；
2、分析了广西大厂矿田矿床地质条件与成矿模式；
3、针对隐伏矿体预测设计与建立了广西大厂隐伏矿体预测专题数据库；
4、对预测专题数据进行数据预处理；
5、对矿体地质特征进行定量分析；
6、建立地质体几何模型和离散模型
7、控矿地质条件定量分析与控矿作用定量模型建模
8、建立矿床三维数学模型
9、开展隐伏矿体立体定量预测
通过该研究,建立了大厂矿田隐伏矿体预测专题数据库,构建了大厂锡多金属矿床的矿床数学模型,实现了深边部隐伏矿体的立体定位定量预测,圈定了找矿靶区,并在靶区内找到了大储量的矿体。主要取得了如下研究成果：
1、根据大型矿山综合数据需求,按照数据中心模式,对资料的分类、编码、数字化和管理进行了研究和抽象,建立了地质矿产资料分类体系和数字化生产流程。
2、建立了大厂矿田隐伏矿体预测专题数据库,实现了地质矿产资料的数字化和电子化存储,为今后各项研究、找矿勘探工作的开展提供了统一的、标准化的数据资源平台。
3、实现了地质体、地质作用和矿床对象的数字化；研究了地质空间三维立体单元离散化技术、连续地质体与连续地质作用离散化理论与方法。
4、建立了地质体几何模型和离散模型,实现了地质控矿作用的定量化；建立了高次曲面方程和非线形最优问题的通用求解方法。
5、总结了成矿规律和成矿模式,建立了定量地揭示成矿规律的三维矿床数学模型,包括矿床对象、矿床结构和矿化泛函模型；提出了矿床对象、矿床结构和矿化泛函模型的新理论。
6、基于定量预测模型,进行了深边部隐伏矿体预测,提供了定位、定质、定量的三维预测成果,提交了成果预测图,为找矿靶区圈定提供依据；首次提出了矿床数学模型外推边界条件的概念,创新了三维地质空间的控矿空间变量的自动外推理论与方法。
本研究及其成果具有重要的现实意义和社会经济意义,主要表现在：
1、广西大厂矿田隐伏矿体预测专题数据库的建立,实现了地质矿产资料的数字化和电子化存储,为以后各项研究、找矿勘探工作的进行提供了统一的、标准化的数据资源平台。
2、地质控矿作用定量模型和矿床三维数学模型的建立,不仅使大厂锡多金属矿床的地质控矿规律和成矿模式从定性化认识得到了定量化的表述,而且还揭示了以前未发现的隐含的地质控矿规律,从定量化角度深化了大厂锡矿田成矿规律的科学认识和全面总结,为以后找矿勘探和成矿理论的发展提供了定量类比的理论基础。
3、本研究得出的三维立体定量预测成果与传统预测相比,具有空间真三维、结果全定量化、数据精确度高、预测深度大的优点,可精确地指导在三维空间中圈定找矿靶位,真正提高找矿勘探精度,降低找矿勘探风险和成本。
4、实现了地质矿产资料、资料管理、地质体、地质作用、矿床对象的数字化和电子化,积累了数字化和信息化方面的研究成果与实践经验,为今后矿山企业实现数字矿山具有实践上的参考意义。
5、本研究在地质矿产数据库领域已处于国内较领先水平；在地质体几何模型与离散模型、矿床三维数学模型和隐伏矿体立体定量预测方面,取得了一定的理论成果。
6、该项目经湖南省科技厅组织、省国土资源厅主持的科技成果鉴定会认为,本项目研究方法新颖、正确,技术路线先进、合理,应用效果显著,实现了隐伏矿体有效的立体定位定量预测,整体达到同类研究国际先进水平。预测成果后经广西215队探矿工程验证,获得了大量金属矿产资源量,潜在的经济价值超过40亿元。为此,该项目获得了中国有色金属工业科学技术二等奖。
This thesis has taken the research program of "Foundation and development on geology and mining database of Dachang ore field" as a basis.
Focusing on the issue of assessing and prospecting replaceable resource of crisis mines, the author has dived into the research on the basic theories and implementing methods of the3D digital modeling and characterization of mineral deposit and the stereo quantitative prediction of concealed ore body by taking Dachang tin polymetallic ore deposit as the experimental platform. This research assimilates modern theories and methods of quantitative appraisal of mineral resources,3D geoscience modeling,3D GIS, etc. Following the data-center construction model, the central database for geology and mineral resource is devised and the management system is developed with the geological exploration raw data of Dachang tin polymetallic mine and Xitieshan Pb-Zn mine. This paper proposes and explores the theory of3D digital deposit oriented to the objective characterization of mineral deposit, studies and implements the spatial data model and spatial database of digital deposit, the geometric and discrete models of geological body, the digital modeling of geological field and the spatial analysis of geological ore-controlling factors. And then, the stereo quantitative prediction theory and method of concealed ore body suited for prospecting replaceable resource of crisis mine is set up.
The stereo quantitative prediction theory and method of concealed ore body based on digital deposit established in this research can be summed up as follows. Based on the practical mineral exploration raw data, guided by geological knowledge and models such as qualitative analysis of ore-controlling conditions, directed by the quantization of geological conditions' ore-controlling effects, with the methodology of3D digital deposit theory, the mineralization mathematical models defining the mapping relations from the geological ore-controlling indexes to the mineralization distribution indexes can be built and then the quantitative inference and prediction can be made from the models, by means of building the3D digital models of geological objects and geological fields and extracting the quantitative indexes of the geological ore-controlling effects.
This thesis mainly discusses the foundation on geology and mining database of concealed ore body by applying the modern technologies of large-scale relational database and internet technology ect, in order to informationise the management of a large quantity of geology information in Dachang ore field. Meanwhile, regard geology mine database as a resource platform, try-prospecting research on concealed deposit is carried out for the prediction of quality, location and quantity to substantially speed up the exploration procedures for concealed deposits, advance the precision of mine exploration and reduce the risk of mine exploration and its cost.
This thesis mainly focuses on the following research aspects:
1. From the description of mineral exploration and deposit the perspective of research on the theory of digital deposit is constructed of digital spatial data model that deposits Geological Spatial Object Model;
2. Geology situation analysis of Dachang ore field deposits and its mine formation mode;
3. Design and foundation of special database on concealed ore body prospect;
4. Deal with special database of prospect in advance;
5. Quantitative analysis on deposit geology characters
6. Foundation of geometric modeling of geologic body
7. Quantitative analysis of ore controlling geologic situations and modeling of ore controlling effects quantitative model
8. Foundation of three-dimensional Mathematical model
9. Three-dimensional quantitative prospect of concealed deposit
The research program has aimed at setting up giant-scale central information database of geology mining in Dachang ore field, the development of its management system, the foundation of Mathematical model of polymetallic tin deposit, realization of three-dimensional location and quantitative prospect of concealed ore body in deep and boundary areas. Meanwhile, the following research achievements have been accomplished.
1. Geology mining materials were calssfied scientical.
2. Foundation on geology and mining database of concealed ore body in Dachang ore field, realization of the digitalization of geology deposit information and electronification storage, offering cohesive and standardized data resources platform of sharing geology mining materials, future research, mine exploration, production and informationization development.
3. Digitalized the information on geology body, geologic effects and deposit objects; created three-dimensional unit Rasterizing Technique in geologic space, discretization theory and methods on continuous Geological body and continuous geologic effects.
4. Foundation of geometric modeling of geologic body; realization of the quantification of geological controlling mine effects; foundation of higher curved surface equation and usual solution of nonlinear optimized matter.
5. Summarized regulations and scales of mine formulation, foundation of3D deposit digital model of quantitative revealing of mining formation rules, including deposit objects, deposit structures and mineralization Functional model; first suggested deposit objects, deposit structures and new theory of mineralization functional model;
6. Based on quantitative prospect model, concealed mine body prospects in deep and boundary areas have been carried out, suggested3D prospect result on location, quality and quantity, chart of achievements'prospects, offer references for mine exploration ranges; put forward the concept of extrapolated boundary conditions of deposit digital model, created automatic extrapolated theory and ways of controlling mining space3D variable in geological space.
This research program has cherished reality significance, theory value and benefited the social economy as well:
1. Foundation on geology and mining database of concealed ore body management realized of the informationization of geology mining information and formed its storage version which could be reserved permanently. Offer a cohesive and standardized data resources platform of mining exploration, production and informationization for future subject research.
2. Found quantitative model of geology controlling effects and deposit3D mathematical model, which has offered quantitative descriptions on geology controlling mine rules in Dachang polymetallic tin deposits and mining formation mode and revealed the rules of concealed geology controlling mining. From the quantitative perspective, we have gained a good knowledge and deepened our understanding of the rules of mine formation in Dachang tin ore field, which has laid a theory foundation for the quantitative comparison for mine exploration and the advance of mine formation theory.
3. Compared with traditional ways of mine exploration,3D quantitative prospect has the advantage of relatively higher data precision and deeper exploration levels which would be able to instruct mining exploration point accurately advance its accuracy and reduce its risks and cost.
4. Digitalize geology mining information, material management, geology body, geology effects and deposit objects; accomplished the research achievements and practice experiences on digitalization and informationization; provided practical references for the realization of digitalized mine body and groups in mine enterprises and limited groups.
5. This research has played a national leading role in geology mining database field; accomplished great theory achievements on geometric modeling of ore body and digitalization, deposit3D mathematical model and3D quantitative prospect of concealed mine body, which has ranked top around the world.
6. According to the chart, finding the area on concealed mine body. And later some mine bodies about40millions RMB were found. So the research program won the Second Place Winner of the nonferrous metals industry Science&Technology.
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