汉江上游梯级电站远方集中控制系统研究
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摘要
汉江是长江最大的一级支流。汉江上游流域水能资源丰富，干流可开发装机容量213万kw，年发电量69.73亿kw·h。汉江上游石泉电厂、安康电厂和石泉扩机工程三座电站，采用水科院自动化所H9000计算机监控系统，实现了各自独立的计算机监控。汉江上游梯级电站采用计算机远方集中控制，是充分利用水能资源、保证水电站安全经济运行、保证电能质量、实现无人值班(少人职守)的必要条件和手段。
本文在三个水电厂现有的计算机监控系统基础上，进行了远方集中控制系统总体设计，采用全分布开放式总线型系统结构，通过结构设计和系统软件配置，实现了资源共享，使三个梯级电站包括远方集中控制用户均可使用网络中的程序、数据和设备，并互为备用，提高了系统设备的利用率，可大大节省工程投资。系统软件设计考虑到人工智能专家系统在水电厂的应用，并将多媒体技术应用于电厂语音报警、事故查询、图形显示、视像监视，具有一定的先进性。系统具有良好的可扩充性，可为以后陆续开发的汉江流域梯级电站提供可充分利用的远方集中控制系统框架和资源，实现系统优化调度。
石泉电厂、安康电厂和石泉扩及工程三座水电站远方集中控制系统的研究、实施，将充分利用各水电站的计算机监控系统资源，提高自动化水平，确保安全、经济、稳定发电，实现减员增效。梯级水电站远方集中控制系统投入运行后，可提高各电站的运行水平和综合效益，并为今后汉江水能资源的滚动开发提供远方集中控制、调度的框架，有利于提高后续电站开发的综合效益。
Han River is the biggest first-level branch river in Changing River .Waterpower resources of Han river upland catchment is abundance, which main stream can develop 213 ten thousand kW installed capacity and annual capacity of electric production is 69.73 a hundred million kW ?h .Shiquan power station, Ankang power station and Shiquan expands set capacity work on Han River upstream introduces H9000 computer monitoring system of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Automation School realize independence computer monitoring. Adopting computer far centralized control in cascade water power station in Han river upstream is need condition and method which adequately utilize water power resources, ensure water power station safe and economic operation, assure electric power quality and realize unmanned hydro-power plant (a few people on duty).
Base on existing computer monitoring system in these three water power, this paper carry out over overall design of far centralized control system, adopt whole distributing open bus pattern system construction and realize resource sharing by structural design and system software allocation, in order that program ^ date and equipment of internet can be used by these three cascade water power station including far centralized control user and standby application each other, meantime increase system equipment availability and economize largely cost of engineering. Because artificial intelligence expert systems is applied in waterpower station and multimedia technology is used in power station sound alarm , accident survey % graphic display and video image monitoring, system software design is of advancement System can be sufficiently expanded; so that far centralized control system frame and resources are used in exploration gradually cascade waterpower station of Han River catchment since then, in order to realize system optimum dispatching.
Reach and implement of Shiquan power station <. Ankang power station and Shiquan expands set capacity work will sufficiently utilize computer monitoring system resources of each waterpower station ,so as to improve automatic level, ensure
safes economic and stable power generation and realize reduce worker improve benefit. After far-centralized control system of cascade waterpower station is operated, operating level and integration benefit of each waterpower station will be improved and frame of far centralized control and dispatching will be applied for waterpower resource continue exploration of Han River since then, integration benefit of future power station will be improved.
本文在三个水电厂现有的计算机监控系统基础上，进行了远方集中控制系统总体设计，采用全分布开放式总线型系统结构，通过结构设计和系统软件配置，实现了资源共享，使三个梯级电站包括远方集中控制用户均可使用网络中的程序、数据和设备，并互为备用，提高了系统设备的利用率，可大大节省工程投资。系统软件设计考虑到人工智能专家系统在水电厂的应用，并将多媒体技术应用于电厂语音报警、事故查询、图形显示、视像监视，具有一定的先进性。系统具有良好的可扩充性，可为以后陆续开发的汉江流域梯级电站提供可充分利用的远方集中控制系统框架和资源，实现系统优化调度。
石泉电厂、安康电厂和石泉扩及工程三座水电站远方集中控制系统的研究、实施，将充分利用各水电站的计算机监控系统资源，提高自动化水平，确保安全、经济、稳定发电，实现减员增效。梯级水电站远方集中控制系统投入运行后，可提高各电站的运行水平和综合效益，并为今后汉江水能资源的滚动开发提供远方集中控制、调度的框架，有利于提高后续电站开发的综合效益。
Han River is the biggest first-level branch river in Changing River .Waterpower resources of Han river upland catchment is abundance, which main stream can develop 213 ten thousand kW installed capacity and annual capacity of electric production is 69.73 a hundred million kW ?h .Shiquan power station, Ankang power station and Shiquan expands set capacity work on Han River upstream introduces H9000 computer monitoring system of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Automation School realize independence computer monitoring. Adopting computer far centralized control in cascade water power station in Han river upstream is need condition and method which adequately utilize water power resources, ensure water power station safe and economic operation, assure electric power quality and realize unmanned hydro-power plant (a few people on duty).
Base on existing computer monitoring system in these three water power, this paper carry out over overall design of far centralized control system, adopt whole distributing open bus pattern system construction and realize resource sharing by structural design and system software allocation, in order that program ^ date and equipment of internet can be used by these three cascade water power station including far centralized control user and standby application each other, meantime increase system equipment availability and economize largely cost of engineering. Because artificial intelligence expert systems is applied in waterpower station and multimedia technology is used in power station sound alarm , accident survey % graphic display and video image monitoring, system software design is of advancement System can be sufficiently expanded; so that far centralized control system frame and resources are used in exploration gradually cascade waterpower station of Han River catchment since then, in order to realize system optimum dispatching.
Reach and implement of Shiquan power station <. Ankang power station and Shiquan expands set capacity work will sufficiently utilize computer monitoring system resources of each waterpower station ,so as to improve automatic level, ensure
safes economic and stable power generation and realize reduce worker improve benefit. After far-centralized control system of cascade waterpower station is operated, operating level and integration benefit of each waterpower station will be improved and frame of far centralized control and dispatching will be applied for waterpower resource continue exploration of Han River since then, integration benefit of future power station will be improved.
引文
[1] 张鑫等编．计算机分散控制系统．北京：水利电力版社，1993．
[2] 王新贤，将富瑞．实用计算机控制技术手册．济南：山东科学技术出版社，1994．
[3] 王永庆．人工智能原理·方法·应用．西安：西安交通大学出版社，1995．
[4] 雷震甲，马坟祥．计算机网络．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1997．
[5] 杨廷善，周莉．计算机和测控系统总线手册．北京：人民邮电出版社，1993．
[6] 田峰巍，解建仓，张晓宏．汉江上游水能资源综合开发的战略研究．西安：陕西科学出版社，1998．
[7] Munneke M, Dilon T S. Implementation of an Alarm Processing Expert System in a Regionnal Control Center. Tenth Power Systems Computation Conference, Graze Australia:1990.
[8] Teixeira P A,Brammer S R,State Estimation of Voltage and Phase-Shift Transformer Tap Settings. IEEE Trans on Power Systems, 1992,7(3).
[9] Medske L R.Models and Techniques for Developing Hybrid Neural Network and Expert System. Computer & Software Engineering, summer, 1993.
[10] 钟敦美．我国水电站计算机监控系统回顾与展望．水电厂自动化，1996(1)．
[11] 方辉钦．关于分层分布等问题的讨论．水电厂自动化，1996(3)．
[12] 郁惟镛，胡炎．具有学习功能的专家系统的设计。电力系统及其自动化学报，1999(4)．
[13] 蔡浏，张坟坤，焦力猛等．白石水电站微机监控系统设计．水利水电技术，2000(3)．
[14] 程登贵．隔河岩水电站计算机监控系统的改造与完善．水力发电，2000(5)．
[15] 张润时，褚爱民。二滩水电站计算机监控系统．水力发电，2000(5)．
[16] 赵天洪．基于现场总线的现地控制装置SJ-600 LCU．电力系统自动化，2000(7)．
[17] 滕小羽，唐国庆．水电厂设备状态监测．电力系统自动化，2000(10)．
[18] 李致谋．安康水电厂计算机监控系统改造．水力发电，2000(11)．
[19] 沈杰，李乃湖．基于现场总线技术的变电站自动化系统．电力系统自动化，2000(17)．
[20] 刘艳，韩省清．面向对象数据库及其在电力系统中的应用．电力系统及其自动化学报，2000(1)．
[21] 刘炳旭，李红，张鹏翔等．面向对象的发电厂数据采集系统软件设计．电力系统及其自动化学报，2001(2)．
[22] 刘光临，程宏举．大型水轮机组故障诊断的神经网络方法研究．水力发电学报，2001(9)．
[23] 裴哲义，孙芹芳．水电厂水情自动测报与水库调度自动化．电力系统自动化，2001(9)．
[24] 张锦辉，罗毅，涂光瑜等．多媒体主站系统设计．电力系统自动化，2001(11)．
[25] 竹安一郎，饭田宏．发电设备自动化技术的现状与展望．水电厂自动化，1991(3)．
[26] 刘良彬．大、中型水电厂计算机监控系统结构模式的研究．水电厂自动化，1993(5)．
[27] 方辉钦．关于大型水电厂计算机监控系统的国产化问题．水电厂自动化，1998(3)．
[28] 电力部电力公司，水电规划总院．“八五”期间以及2000年水电厂计算机监控系统推广应用规划．水电厂自动化，1998(5)．
[29] 苏开佛．石泉水力发电厂计算机监控系统．中国水利水电科学研究院自动化研究所，1998(8)．
[30] 中国水利水电科学研究院自动化研究所，北京奥托控制工程公司．9000／H9000S／G90000XS水电站计算机监控系统简介．1998．
[2] 王新贤，将富瑞．实用计算机控制技术手册．济南：山东科学技术出版社，1994．
[3] 王永庆．人工智能原理·方法·应用．西安：西安交通大学出版社，1995．
[4] 雷震甲，马坟祥．计算机网络．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1997．
[5] 杨廷善，周莉．计算机和测控系统总线手册．北京：人民邮电出版社，1993．
[6] 田峰巍，解建仓，张晓宏．汉江上游水能资源综合开发的战略研究．西安：陕西科学出版社，1998．
[7] Munneke M, Dilon T S. Implementation of an Alarm Processing Expert System in a Regionnal Control Center. Tenth Power Systems Computation Conference, Graze Australia:1990.
[8] Teixeira P A,Brammer S R,State Estimation of Voltage and Phase-Shift Transformer Tap Settings. IEEE Trans on Power Systems, 1992,7(3).
[9] Medske L R.Models and Techniques for Developing Hybrid Neural Network and Expert System. Computer & Software Engineering, summer, 1993.
[10] 钟敦美．我国水电站计算机监控系统回顾与展望．水电厂自动化，1996(1)．
[11] 方辉钦．关于分层分布等问题的讨论．水电厂自动化，1996(3)．
[12] 郁惟镛，胡炎．具有学习功能的专家系统的设计。电力系统及其自动化学报，1999(4)．
[13] 蔡浏，张坟坤，焦力猛等．白石水电站微机监控系统设计．水利水电技术，2000(3)．
[14] 程登贵．隔河岩水电站计算机监控系统的改造与完善．水力发电，2000(5)．
[15] 张润时，褚爱民。二滩水电站计算机监控系统．水力发电，2000(5)．
[16] 赵天洪．基于现场总线的现地控制装置SJ-600 LCU．电力系统自动化，2000(7)．
[17] 滕小羽，唐国庆．水电厂设备状态监测．电力系统自动化，2000(10)．
[18] 李致谋．安康水电厂计算机监控系统改造．水力发电，2000(11)．
[19] 沈杰，李乃湖．基于现场总线技术的变电站自动化系统．电力系统自动化，2000(17)．
[20] 刘艳，韩省清．面向对象数据库及其在电力系统中的应用．电力系统及其自动化学报，2000(1)．
[21] 刘炳旭，李红，张鹏翔等．面向对象的发电厂数据采集系统软件设计．电力系统及其自动化学报，2001(2)．
[22] 刘光临，程宏举．大型水轮机组故障诊断的神经网络方法研究．水力发电学报，2001(9)．
[23] 裴哲义，孙芹芳．水电厂水情自动测报与水库调度自动化．电力系统自动化，2001(9)．
[24] 张锦辉，罗毅，涂光瑜等．多媒体主站系统设计．电力系统自动化，2001(11)．
[25] 竹安一郎，饭田宏．发电设备自动化技术的现状与展望．水电厂自动化，1991(3)．
[26] 刘良彬．大、中型水电厂计算机监控系统结构模式的研究．水电厂自动化，1993(5)．
[27] 方辉钦．关于大型水电厂计算机监控系统的国产化问题．水电厂自动化，1998(3)．
[28] 电力部电力公司，水电规划总院．“八五”期间以及2000年水电厂计算机监控系统推广应用规划．水电厂自动化，1998(5)．
[29] 苏开佛．石泉水力发电厂计算机监控系统．中国水利水电科学研究院自动化研究所，1998(8)．
[30] 中国水利水电科学研究院自动化研究所，北京奥托控制工程公司．9000／H9000S／G90000XS水电站计算机监控系统简介．1998．
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