服装缝纫吊挂生产线调度技术的研究
摘要
随着现代制造技术、计算机技术的发展，服装制造系统的各种单元技术也在不断丰富和完善，本文对服装吊挂生产线调度技术进行了研究。
论文介绍了服装生产工艺编排与计划的主要内容和服装吊挂生产线的情况以及国内外公司的产品。根据在2002年上海国际服装设备展上的调查情况，说明了吊挂式服装生产系统，其缝纫流水线的作业工序编制和工时的确定以及作业人员工作地数量的配备，需依靠人工估算和拼凑，然后再输入吊挂线。这样就会使流水线难以达到其应有的生产效率。针对服装吊挂线工艺指令仍需手工编排然后再输入计算机进行调度的现状，论文对服装吊挂生产线调度技术进行了研究。即在工作地数目已知的前提下，从工序分析表出发，根据初始节拍得出预处理过的工序分析表，然后从中获取相关信息：优先权区域、分支信息、分支点等信息，运用遗传算法求得服装吊挂生产线的优化调度。本文在参考其他行业流水线调度问题的基础上，结合服装吊挂线的特点，给出了目标函数：用均衡指数来评价吊挂生产线的性能和效率。
论文的重点是对服装生产工艺编排与计划的主要内容进行理论研究的基础上，通过广泛的调研，结合服装企业的具体情况，设计了基于遗传算法的服装缝纫流水线优化调度系统。该系统从工序分析表出发，根据实际配备的工作站数，得出初始的平均节拍，从而找到本系统大部分数据的基础：预处理过的工序分析表。从预处理过的工序分析表可以找出分支工序、分支点工序、工序总数、各工序及相应工序的加工时间等数据信息，另外根据工序加工的先后顺序和尽量减少一人多机的原则，做出了优先权区域图。本文通过对多数文献中使用的长裤样本进行实例优化设计，并把其他文献中的编排结果与本文结果相比较，表明本文的调度优化设计系统是可行的。
本文针对服装吊挂生产线调度问题的非线性规划，建立了调度的数学模型，运用遗传算法求得问题的优化解，设计了服装吊挂生产线的计算机智能调度优化系统。该设计系统可以运用于实际生产中，以提高服装吊挂线的生产效率，同时对工序进行了合理编排，通过优先权区域，把设备的因素考虑进去，使建立的数学模型更接近实际，同时为服装制造业信息化奠定了理论基础。
With the development of modern manufacture technology and computer technology, multi-cell technology of garment manufacture system was enrichment and perfect by and by too. Disquisition to garment suspending system scheduling technology was carried through in this thesis.
The thesis introduced process design and plan of garment manufacture. Next, it presented the general situation of garment suspending produce line and production of company home and abroad. Moreover, based on investigation on Shanghai International Garment Equipment Exhibition in 2002, it showed that process design, man-hour ascertain and scheme about workstation quantitative of garment assembly line also depended on manpower to estimate plan and piece to together, and then reintroduce to suspending produce line even though suspending garment produce system. So, it was inaccessibility to suit efficiency to assembly line. Aimed at the actuality that garment suspending line technics instruction needed also handwork arrangement and then reimported computer to schedule, we studied scheduling technics of garment suspending line in this thesis. On the assumption that workstation was known, we started from working procedure table, educed pretreatment working procedure table based on original time and then obtained c
orrelating information such as priority area, embranchment, embranchment point. We obtained optimum scheduling of garment suspending line using GA. Based on other industry ,target function was present:
minSI= . It was using smoothness index to value capability
and efficiency of suspending line.
This thesis placed emphasis on process design and plan of garment manufacture. Through academic research and comprehensive investigation, combining actual manufacture of garment enterprises , garment sewing assembly line optimized scheduling system based on GA was empoldered. This system began from working procedure analyzed table. Initialize time was educed by actual workstation number. At last, pretreatment working procedure analyzed table was gained. It was a base about mostly data of this system. From pretreatment working procedure analyzed table we can find many data. For instance, embranchment working procedure, embranchment point
working procedure, working procedure total, working procedure and correspond process time. Moreover, this thesis worked out priority area chart. It was based on successively sequence of process manufacture and principle to lessen number of one man working more machine to the best of our abilities. On the based of priority area, this question was solved using GA. This thesis used trousers that used in mostly literatures as actual example to carry through. Through comparing outcome in this thesis with outcome in other literature, it showed that the system in this thesis was preferable to solve the question. In addition, on the based on arrange outcome, this thesis processed dynamic simulation to run of garment suspending produce line.
Aimed at NP characteristic of scheduling problem in garment suspending line in this thesis. Mathematics model was set up. We researched that could obtain optimized answer using GA. We settled computer aptitude scheduling system key technics of garment suspending line. It could handle practical production and could improve produce efficiency of garment suspending line. At the same time, it arranged working procedure with reason. Through priority area, we considered factor of equipment. Thus, it employed given mathematics model to be close to practicality even more. It settled foundation for garment manufacturing information.
论文介绍了服装生产工艺编排与计划的主要内容和服装吊挂生产线的情况以及国内外公司的产品。根据在2002年上海国际服装设备展上的调查情况，说明了吊挂式服装生产系统，其缝纫流水线的作业工序编制和工时的确定以及作业人员工作地数量的配备，需依靠人工估算和拼凑，然后再输入吊挂线。这样就会使流水线难以达到其应有的生产效率。针对服装吊挂线工艺指令仍需手工编排然后再输入计算机进行调度的现状，论文对服装吊挂生产线调度技术进行了研究。即在工作地数目已知的前提下，从工序分析表出发，根据初始节拍得出预处理过的工序分析表，然后从中获取相关信息：优先权区域、分支信息、分支点等信息，运用遗传算法求得服装吊挂生产线的优化调度。本文在参考其他行业流水线调度问题的基础上，结合服装吊挂线的特点，给出了目标函数：用均衡指数来评价吊挂生产线的性能和效率。
论文的重点是对服装生产工艺编排与计划的主要内容进行理论研究的基础上，通过广泛的调研，结合服装企业的具体情况，设计了基于遗传算法的服装缝纫流水线优化调度系统。该系统从工序分析表出发，根据实际配备的工作站数，得出初始的平均节拍，从而找到本系统大部分数据的基础：预处理过的工序分析表。从预处理过的工序分析表可以找出分支工序、分支点工序、工序总数、各工序及相应工序的加工时间等数据信息，另外根据工序加工的先后顺序和尽量减少一人多机的原则，做出了优先权区域图。本文通过对多数文献中使用的长裤样本进行实例优化设计，并把其他文献中的编排结果与本文结果相比较，表明本文的调度优化设计系统是可行的。
本文针对服装吊挂生产线调度问题的非线性规划，建立了调度的数学模型，运用遗传算法求得问题的优化解，设计了服装吊挂生产线的计算机智能调度优化系统。该设计系统可以运用于实际生产中，以提高服装吊挂线的生产效率，同时对工序进行了合理编排，通过优先权区域，把设备的因素考虑进去，使建立的数学模型更接近实际，同时为服装制造业信息化奠定了理论基础。
With the development of modern manufacture technology and computer technology, multi-cell technology of garment manufacture system was enrichment and perfect by and by too. Disquisition to garment suspending system scheduling technology was carried through in this thesis.
The thesis introduced process design and plan of garment manufacture. Next, it presented the general situation of garment suspending produce line and production of company home and abroad. Moreover, based on investigation on Shanghai International Garment Equipment Exhibition in 2002, it showed that process design, man-hour ascertain and scheme about workstation quantitative of garment assembly line also depended on manpower to estimate plan and piece to together, and then reintroduce to suspending produce line even though suspending garment produce system. So, it was inaccessibility to suit efficiency to assembly line. Aimed at the actuality that garment suspending line technics instruction needed also handwork arrangement and then reimported computer to schedule, we studied scheduling technics of garment suspending line in this thesis. On the assumption that workstation was known, we started from working procedure table, educed pretreatment working procedure table based on original time and then obtained c
orrelating information such as priority area, embranchment, embranchment point. We obtained optimum scheduling of garment suspending line using GA. Based on other industry ,target function was present:
minSI= . It was using smoothness index to value capability
and efficiency of suspending line.
This thesis placed emphasis on process design and plan of garment manufacture. Through academic research and comprehensive investigation, combining actual manufacture of garment enterprises , garment sewing assembly line optimized scheduling system based on GA was empoldered. This system began from working procedure analyzed table. Initialize time was educed by actual workstation number. At last, pretreatment working procedure analyzed table was gained. It was a base about mostly data of this system. From pretreatment working procedure analyzed table we can find many data. For instance, embranchment working procedure, embranchment point
working procedure, working procedure total, working procedure and correspond process time. Moreover, this thesis worked out priority area chart. It was based on successively sequence of process manufacture and principle to lessen number of one man working more machine to the best of our abilities. On the based of priority area, this question was solved using GA. This thesis used trousers that used in mostly literatures as actual example to carry through. Through comparing outcome in this thesis with outcome in other literature, it showed that the system in this thesis was preferable to solve the question. In addition, on the based on arrange outcome, this thesis processed dynamic simulation to run of garment suspending produce line.
Aimed at NP characteristic of scheduling problem in garment suspending line in this thesis. Mathematics model was set up. We researched that could obtain optimized answer using GA. We settled computer aptitude scheduling system key technics of garment suspending line. It could handle practical production and could improve produce efficiency of garment suspending line. At the same time, it arranged working procedure with reason. Through priority area, we considered factor of equipment. Thus, it employed given mathematics model to be close to practicality even more. It settled foundation for garment manufacturing information.
引文
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[2] 金艳苹．服装CAPP系统的开发与研究：[学位论文]．天津：天津工业大学．2001
[3] 陈湛．服装生产与计划过程的动态控制系统：[学位论文]．上海：中国纺织大学．1998
[4] 徐树文，张文斌，冯可平，等．微型计算机辅助服装缝纫流水线优化设计．中国纺织大学学报．1992,18(6)：43～52
[5] 万志琴，宋惠景．服装生产管理．中国纺织出版社．1999(第2版)：87～120
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[8] Holland J. Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems [M]. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1995
[9] Hou E S H, Ansari N, Ren H. A Genetic Algorithms for Multiprocessor Scheduling [J]. IEEE Trans. Parallel and Distributed Systems. 1994,5(2): 113～120
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[23] 刘长良，姚万业，翟永杰，等．一种改进的遗传算法及其在热工过程控制中的应用．自动化仪表．2002，23(9)：13～16
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[27] C.A.Czarnecki. Design and Off-line Programming of A Dual Robot Workcell for Garment Manufacture. Microprocessois and Mierosystems, 1999,23:225～234
[28] J.E.Spragg, G.Fozzard, D.J.Tyler. FLEAS: A Flowline Environment for Automated Supervision. Integrated Manufacturing System. 1999,(10/6):322～327
[29] 丁慧敏，李蓓智，周亚琴．基于遗传算法的装配序列规划．东华大学学报(自然科学版)．2001，27(6)：10～13
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[31] 王万良，吴启迪，徐新黎．基于Hopfield神经网络的作业车间生产调度方法．自动化学报．2002，28(5)：937～844
[32] S.G Ponnambalam, P.Aravindan and G.Mogileeswar Naidu. A Comparative Evaluation of Assembly Line Balancing Heuristics. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 1999,15:577～586
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[2] 金艳苹．服装CAPP系统的开发与研究：[学位论文]．天津：天津工业大学．2001
[3] 陈湛．服装生产与计划过程的动态控制系统：[学位论文]．上海：中国纺织大学．1998
[4] 徐树文，张文斌，冯可平，等．微型计算机辅助服装缝纫流水线优化设计．中国纺织大学学报．1992,18(6)：43～52
[5] 万志琴，宋惠景．服装生产管理．中国纺织出版社．1999(第2版)：87～120
[6] 杨以雄．服装生产管理．上海科学技术出版社．1994年2月第1版
[7] Hochbaum D. Approximation Algorithms for NP-hard Problems [M]. Berkeley, CA: PWS Publishing Company, 1997
[8] Holland J. Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems [M]. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1995
[9] Hou E S H, Ansari N, Ren H. A Genetic Algorithms for Multiprocessor Scheduling [J]. IEEE Trans. Parallel and Distributed Systems. 1994,5(2): 113～120
[10] De Jong K A. Genetic Algorithms: A 10 Year Perspective [A]. in: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, Grefenstetto J J, Hillsdal, N J: Lawrence Eribaum Associates Publishers. 1985,169～177
[11] Goldherg D, Lingle R. Alleles, Loci and the Traveling Salesman Problem [A]. in: Same to[4]: 154～159
[12] Grefenstette J J, Gopal R, Rosmaita B, etc. Genetic Algorithms for Traveling Salesman Problem [A]. in: Same to[4]:160～168
[13] Smith D. Bin Packing with Adaptive Search[A]. in: Same to[4]:202～207
[14] Davis L. Handbook of Genetic Algorithms [M]. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Publishers, 1991
[15] Goldherg D E. Genetic Algorithms in Search . Optimization and Machine Learning [M]. New York: Addisort Wesley Publishing Company. 1989
[16] Falkenauer E, Bouffoix S. A Genetic Algorithm for Job Shop. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Sacramento, Calif. 1991:824～829
[17] Croce F D, Tadei R, Volta G.. A Genetic Algorithm for the Job-shop Problem. Computers and Operation Research. 1995, 22(1): 15～24
[18] 张春荣．服装吊挂生产管理系统应用的现状及发展预测：[学位论文]．上海：中国纺织大学．1996
[19] 杨桦．现代服装生产流水线一高效能的电脑控制吊挂系统．中国纺织．1998(8)
[20] 王凌．智能优化算法及其应用．清华大学出版社．施普林格出版社．2001，第1版：36～61
[21] 陆金桂，李谦，王浩，等编著．遗传算法原理及其工程应用．中国矿业大学出版社．1997，第1版：1～107
[22] 宋华明，韩玉启，李如俊．基于遗传算法的装配线负荷平衡．机械设计与制造．2002，No．4：28～31
[23] 刘长良，姚万业，翟永杰，等．一种改进的遗传算法及其在热工过程控制中的应用．自动化仪表．2002，23(9)：13～16
[24] 华中生，梁梁，徐晓燕．混流生产线的排产方法．自动化学报．2002，28(4)：958～662
[25] W.K.Wong, C.K.Chan, W.H.Ip. Optimization of Spreading and Cutting Sequencing Model in Garment Manufacturing. Computers in Industry.2000,43:1～10
[26] Keith C.C.Chan, Patrick C.L.Hui, K.W.Yeung. Handling the Assembly Line Balancing Problem in the Clothing Industry Using A Genetic Algorithm. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology. 1998,10(1):21～37
[27] C.A.Czarnecki. Design and Off-line Programming of A Dual Robot Workcell for Garment Manufacture. Microprocessois and Mierosystems, 1999,23:225～234
[28] J.E.Spragg, G.Fozzard, D.J.Tyler. FLEAS: A Flowline Environment for Automated Supervision. Integrated Manufacturing System. 1999,(10/6):322～327
[29] 丁慧敏，李蓓智，周亚琴．基于遗传算法的装配序列规划．东华大学学报(自然科学版)．2001，27(6)：10～13
[30] 陈亮，马柯．遗传算法在生产作业调度中的应用．西安工程科技学院学报．2002,16(3)：251～255
[31] 王万良，吴启迪，徐新黎．基于Hopfield神经网络的作业车间生产调度方法．自动化学报．2002，28(5)：937～844
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