新型涡旋压缩机设计理论及加工研究
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摘要
涡旋压缩机是一种新型高效节能、省材低噪的回转式压缩机械,具有体积小、结构紧凑、效率高、运行平稳等特点,广泛应用于多领域。随着工业的发展和节能环保经济的需要,提高机械效率、降低生产制造成本成为涡旋压缩机研究的新动向和发展趋势。涡旋压缩机动涡旋盘的倾覆力矩是引起动涡旋盘运动位置的偏斜和工作状态的不稳定,带来较大摩擦功率损失和泄漏损失的主要因素。
本文首先从型线设计出发,依据平面曲线的法向等距偏移来生成涡旋型线,推导出了代数螺线型线方程和渐开线型线方程组合线型的通用表达式并生成了涡旋型线啮合图。根据新型线型涡旋盘的几何特点,作者提出了新型涡旋盘的结构设计,并对新型结构涡旋盘进行了受力分析,给出了减小涡旋盘倾覆力矩的方法和原理。
该文讨论了影响新型涡旋盘加工精度的主要因素,并在此基础上以Pro/ENGINEER为平台,建立了新型涡旋盘的虚拟模型。利用Pro/NC的数控加工功能,探讨了新型涡旋盘的数控加工工艺,自动生成了加工程序。为了提高了涡旋盘表面的硬度,减小了其表面的摩擦系数,研究了涡旋盘表面处理方法。根据本文设计制造方法在美国产Bosto Matic18立式加工中心上,我们加工出了满足设计要求的涡旋盘样机。
Scroll compressor is a new type compressor. It has characteristics of small bulk, compact structure, high efficiency and working smoothly, commonly used in many fields. With the industrial development and environmental protection-economic needs and to enhance mechanical efficiency and lower production costs as scroll compressors study new trends and development trends. The overturn moment of the moving scroll compressor is the main factor ,which causes the location of skewed plate movement and the work of instability, bring greater friction power loss and leakage lossesFrom the profile design point, this text used the normal-equidistant-curve method to generating scroll profile, extrapolated the algebra helix - involute equation and included the mesh figure.According to the new moving scroll compressor geometric characteristics, the author presented a new type structure design, and offered a new structure force analysis, gave the reduced the overturn moment methods and principles.The article discussed the main factors ,which impact the moving scroll machining accuracy, and on this basis to establish a new type virtual models by Pro/ENGINEER. Used Pro/NC, explore the moving scroll machining process and automatic generation of the processing procedures. To enhance the moving scroll surface hardness, reducing friction coefficient,we have studied the surface treatment methods. Under our design manufacturing methods,using Bosto Maticl8 vertical machining centers, we get the swirl panel prototypes which meet the design requirements.
本文首先从型线设计出发,依据平面曲线的法向等距偏移来生成涡旋型线,推导出了代数螺线型线方程和渐开线型线方程组合线型的通用表达式并生成了涡旋型线啮合图。根据新型线型涡旋盘的几何特点,作者提出了新型涡旋盘的结构设计,并对新型结构涡旋盘进行了受力分析,给出了减小涡旋盘倾覆力矩的方法和原理。
该文讨论了影响新型涡旋盘加工精度的主要因素,并在此基础上以Pro/ENGINEER为平台,建立了新型涡旋盘的虚拟模型。利用Pro/NC的数控加工功能,探讨了新型涡旋盘的数控加工工艺,自动生成了加工程序。为了提高了涡旋盘表面的硬度,减小了其表面的摩擦系数,研究了涡旋盘表面处理方法。根据本文设计制造方法在美国产Bosto Matic18立式加工中心上,我们加工出了满足设计要求的涡旋盘样机。
Scroll compressor is a new type compressor. It has characteristics of small bulk, compact structure, high efficiency and working smoothly, commonly used in many fields. With the industrial development and environmental protection-economic needs and to enhance mechanical efficiency and lower production costs as scroll compressors study new trends and development trends. The overturn moment of the moving scroll compressor is the main factor ,which causes the location of skewed plate movement and the work of instability, bring greater friction power loss and leakage lossesFrom the profile design point, this text used the normal-equidistant-curve method to generating scroll profile, extrapolated the algebra helix - involute equation and included the mesh figure.According to the new moving scroll compressor geometric characteristics, the author presented a new type structure design, and offered a new structure force analysis, gave the reduced the overturn moment methods and principles.The article discussed the main factors ,which impact the moving scroll machining accuracy, and on this basis to establish a new type virtual models by Pro/ENGINEER. Used Pro/NC, explore the moving scroll machining process and automatic generation of the processing procedures. To enhance the moving scroll surface hardness, reducing friction coefficient,we have studied the surface treatment methods. Under our design manufacturing methods,using Bosto Maticl8 vertical machining centers, we get the swirl panel prototypes which meet the design requirements.
引文
[1] 李连生.涡旋压缩机.北京:机械工业出版社,1998,5-12
[2] 刘卫华.近十年来压缩机技术研究动向.压缩机技术,1998,4:31-33
[3] Masaki Fujino, Akira Shimada. The effect of lubricant onperformance of inverter scroll compressor using R41Oa[A] Proceedings of the 3rd International Compressor Technique Conference. 2001: 242～2451
[4] 程传庆.涡旋式压缩机技术现状.压缩机技术,1991,3:5-6
[5] 刘振全,张川变截面涡旋压缩机型线的研究 甘肃工业大学学报,2002,28 (4):61-64
[6] 刘四虎,熊则男,朱均.两种结构型式涡旋压缩机性能对比实验研究.流体机械,1996,6:22-23
[7] 小林昭七.曲线与曲面的微分几何(王运达译).沈阳:沈阳数学会,1998,25-28
[8] 刘涛.法向等距线法生成涡旋压缩机型线的研究.机械工程学报,2004,40(6):55-58
[9] YR L, WF Wu. On the Profile Design of a Scroll Compressor [J] Int. J Refrig. 1995, 18, (5): 308～3171
[10] Bush J W, Beagle W P, Hous man M E, Maximizing Scroll Compressor Displacement Using Generalized Wrap Geometry, In Proc. of international Compressor Engineering Conference, Purdue University, USA, 1994: 205-210
[11] Hirano T, et al. Scroll Profiles For Scroll Fluid Machines, 1990, Technical Review, Vol. 27, No. 1, 35-41. [3] Wagner T C. Characterization of Thermal Processes in Scroll Compressors, In Proc. of 1992 International Compressor Engineering Conference, Purdue University, USA.
[12] 顾兆林.涡旋压缩机的研究.低温工程,1996,1:8-11
[13] 李心伟,江波,屈宗长.压缩机线型及性能研究.流体机械,2000,8:34-36
[14] Asit K. Dutta, Tadashi Yanagisawa, Mitsuhiro Fukuta. An investigation of the performance of a scroll compressorunder liquid refrigerant injection[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration24, 2001: 577～5871
[15] 司玉宝,屈宗长,畅云峰等.关于变壁厚涡旋压缩机的开发与研究.压缩机技术,1998,2:12-15
[16] Z. J, W. DS. Dynamical analysis of scroll compressor with the compliant crank mechanism[A]. Proceedings of 1994 International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdur(USA). 1994: 465～4711
[17] 刘涛,杜桂荣,邬再新.涡旋压缩机的径向柔性密封机构.机械工程师,1999,11:34-38
[18] 刘涛.涡旋压缩机压缩机构的动态模拟.机械研究与应用,2000,6:35-37
[19] 高秀峰,郁永章.涡旋齿端圆弧类型线修正概述.流体机械,2001,12:16-18
[20] 樊高定,李文林,刘素勤.涡旋式制冷压缩机的研制.流体工程,1992,8:36-37
[21] 李连生,束鹏程,郁永章.涡旋型线对涡旋式压缩机性能的影响.西安交通大学学报,1997,2:35-36
[22] 李连生,束鹏程.涡旋型线起始段的修正计算.压缩机技术,1998,3:26-28
[23] 熊则男,乔亮亮.回转式压缩机与泵—共轭件啮合动态测试.北京:机械工业出版社,1995,162-227
[24] 熊则男,乔亮亮.压缩机设计中的力学分析.北京:机械工业出版社 1997,401-426
[25] 马国远,李红旗.旋转压缩机.北京:机械工业出版社,2003,222-250
[26] 吴建华,束鹏程.涡旋压缩机的动力学分析.制冷学报,1995,4:26-29
[27] Eric Winandy, Claudio Saavedra O., Jean Lebrun. Experimental analysis and simplified modelling of a hermeticscroll refrigeration compressor[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering 22, 2002: 107～1201
[28] Hiroshi Hasegawa, Mitsuhiro Ikoma. Experimental andTheoretical Study of Hermetic CO_2 Scroll Compressor[A]. Preliminary Proceedings of the 4th ⅡR-GustavLorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids at Purdue. 2000: 347～3531
[29] Duli Yu, et al. Thermal and Static Finite Element Analysis of Fix Scroll Deformation, 96ICECP, p465-470
[30] 吴建华,束鹏程.涡旋压缩机的动力分析.制冷学报,1995,4:1-8
[31] 魏勇刚.涡旋机构理论的发展及研究概述.金陵职业大学学报,1999,14 (1):46-47
[32] 张立群,罗友平,刘永波.涡旋压缩机工作特性的研究.流体机械,2003,31 (3):1-5
[33] 司玉宝,屈宗长,樊灵等.特种涡旋式空压机的研制.压缩机技术,1999,155 (3):3-5
[34] 张润孝,赵仲生,毛军红等.渐开线型面专业数控加工系统的开发.机 械科学与技术,1998,17(1):78-80
[35] 杜护国.加工涡旋线镗铣床的数控改装设计.机床与液压,1995,8:174-176
[36] 孟冬辉.涡旋无油真空泵设计理论及加工工艺的研究:[东北大学硕士学位论文].沈阳:东北大学,2004,20-45
[37] 胡赤兵,熊海洋,李南等.基于Pro/E齿轮加工CAD/CAPP/CAM应用系统的研究与开发.兰州理工大学学报,2004,30(6):25-27
[38] 沈斌,倪媛,宫大等.Pro/E技术在零件参数化设计系统中的应用.机电产品开发与创新,2006,19(3):41-42
[39] 胡赤兵,赵家黎,邬再新.基于Pro/E的回转体零件CAD/CAPP/CAM集成系统的开发与应用.制造技术与机床,2004,04:68-72
[40] 徐红丽,林跃强,王霄等.基于虚拟样机技术的发动机性能仿真.农业化研究,2006,01:15-17
[41] 周建华.基于Pro/E复杂零件模具型腔自动生成技术研究.模具工业,2006,32(1):26-29
[2] 刘卫华.近十年来压缩机技术研究动向.压缩机技术,1998,4:31-33
[3] Masaki Fujino, Akira Shimada. The effect of lubricant onperformance of inverter scroll compressor using R41Oa[A] Proceedings of the 3rd International Compressor Technique Conference. 2001: 242～2451
[4] 程传庆.涡旋式压缩机技术现状.压缩机技术,1991,3:5-6
[5] 刘振全,张川变截面涡旋压缩机型线的研究 甘肃工业大学学报,2002,28 (4):61-64
[6] 刘四虎,熊则男,朱均.两种结构型式涡旋压缩机性能对比实验研究.流体机械,1996,6:22-23
[7] 小林昭七.曲线与曲面的微分几何(王运达译).沈阳:沈阳数学会,1998,25-28
[8] 刘涛.法向等距线法生成涡旋压缩机型线的研究.机械工程学报,2004,40(6):55-58
[9] YR L, WF Wu. On the Profile Design of a Scroll Compressor [J] Int. J Refrig. 1995, 18, (5): 308～3171
[10] Bush J W, Beagle W P, Hous man M E, Maximizing Scroll Compressor Displacement Using Generalized Wrap Geometry, In Proc. of international Compressor Engineering Conference, Purdue University, USA, 1994: 205-210
[11] Hirano T, et al. Scroll Profiles For Scroll Fluid Machines, 1990, Technical Review, Vol. 27, No. 1, 35-41. [3] Wagner T C. Characterization of Thermal Processes in Scroll Compressors, In Proc. of 1992 International Compressor Engineering Conference, Purdue University, USA.
[12] 顾兆林.涡旋压缩机的研究.低温工程,1996,1:8-11
[13] 李心伟,江波,屈宗长.压缩机线型及性能研究.流体机械,2000,8:34-36
[14] Asit K. Dutta, Tadashi Yanagisawa, Mitsuhiro Fukuta. An investigation of the performance of a scroll compressorunder liquid refrigerant injection[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration24, 2001: 577～5871
[15] 司玉宝,屈宗长,畅云峰等.关于变壁厚涡旋压缩机的开发与研究.压缩机技术,1998,2:12-15
[16] Z. J, W. DS. Dynamical analysis of scroll compressor with the compliant crank mechanism[A]. Proceedings of 1994 International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdur(USA). 1994: 465～4711
[17] 刘涛,杜桂荣,邬再新.涡旋压缩机的径向柔性密封机构.机械工程师,1999,11:34-38
[18] 刘涛.涡旋压缩机压缩机构的动态模拟.机械研究与应用,2000,6:35-37
[19] 高秀峰,郁永章.涡旋齿端圆弧类型线修正概述.流体机械,2001,12:16-18
[20] 樊高定,李文林,刘素勤.涡旋式制冷压缩机的研制.流体工程,1992,8:36-37
[21] 李连生,束鹏程,郁永章.涡旋型线对涡旋式压缩机性能的影响.西安交通大学学报,1997,2:35-36
[22] 李连生,束鹏程.涡旋型线起始段的修正计算.压缩机技术,1998,3:26-28
[23] 熊则男,乔亮亮.回转式压缩机与泵—共轭件啮合动态测试.北京:机械工业出版社,1995,162-227
[24] 熊则男,乔亮亮.压缩机设计中的力学分析.北京:机械工业出版社 1997,401-426
[25] 马国远,李红旗.旋转压缩机.北京:机械工业出版社,2003,222-250
[26] 吴建华,束鹏程.涡旋压缩机的动力学分析.制冷学报,1995,4:26-29
[27] Eric Winandy, Claudio Saavedra O., Jean Lebrun. Experimental analysis and simplified modelling of a hermeticscroll refrigeration compressor[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering 22, 2002: 107～1201
[28] Hiroshi Hasegawa, Mitsuhiro Ikoma. Experimental andTheoretical Study of Hermetic CO_2 Scroll Compressor[A]. Preliminary Proceedings of the 4th ⅡR-GustavLorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids at Purdue. 2000: 347～3531
[29] Duli Yu, et al. Thermal and Static Finite Element Analysis of Fix Scroll Deformation, 96ICECP, p465-470
[30] 吴建华,束鹏程.涡旋压缩机的动力分析.制冷学报,1995,4:1-8
[31] 魏勇刚.涡旋机构理论的发展及研究概述.金陵职业大学学报,1999,14 (1):46-47
[32] 张立群,罗友平,刘永波.涡旋压缩机工作特性的研究.流体机械,2003,31 (3):1-5
[33] 司玉宝,屈宗长,樊灵等.特种涡旋式空压机的研制.压缩机技术,1999,155 (3):3-5
[34] 张润孝,赵仲生,毛军红等.渐开线型面专业数控加工系统的开发.机 械科学与技术,1998,17(1):78-80
[35] 杜护国.加工涡旋线镗铣床的数控改装设计.机床与液压,1995,8:174-176
[36] 孟冬辉.涡旋无油真空泵设计理论及加工工艺的研究:[东北大学硕士学位论文].沈阳:东北大学,2004,20-45
[37] 胡赤兵,熊海洋,李南等.基于Pro/E齿轮加工CAD/CAPP/CAM应用系统的研究与开发.兰州理工大学学报,2004,30(6):25-27
[38] 沈斌,倪媛,宫大等.Pro/E技术在零件参数化设计系统中的应用.机电产品开发与创新,2006,19(3):41-42
[39] 胡赤兵,赵家黎,邬再新.基于Pro/E的回转体零件CAD/CAPP/CAM集成系统的开发与应用.制造技术与机床,2004,04:68-72
[40] 徐红丽,林跃强,王霄等.基于虚拟样机技术的发动机性能仿真.农业化研究,2006,01:15-17
[41] 周建华.基于Pro/E复杂零件模具型腔自动生成技术研究.模具工业,2006,32(1):26-29