东营凹陷深层烃源岩可溶有机质特征与沉积有机相划分
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摘要
东营凹陷为古生代古地形基础上经过复杂构造运动而形成的中、新生代断陷-凹陷古湖盆,烃源岩赋存位置构造复杂、沉积条件各异,烃源岩非均质性强。目前油气开发主要集中在中浅层,随着资源需求量的不断增加,开发深层油气已经成为寻找油气资源的新方向,因此对东营凹陷深层烃源岩的特征与形成环境进行研究有着重要的现实与实践意义。
通过对东营凹陷丰8、丰深1、丰深2三口井深层烃源岩进行系统采样,采用先进的地球化学分析测试技术和分析方法,包括:有机碳测试、可溶有机质抽提、族组成分析、饱和烃色谱与色质分析、热解试验、孢粉相分析与有机质激光粒度分析综合评价东营凹陷深层烃源岩有机质特征、沉积环境差异以及保存条件的差异,主要得出以下结论:
1、东营凹陷深层烃源岩整体质量较高,有机质类型好。综合对比烃源岩有机质丰度、类型以及成熟度指标,沙四上段优于沙四下段,孔店组最差,同一层段差异性明显。
2、基于东营凹陷深层烃源岩富含膏岩这一特征,通过对比烃源岩热解生烃潜量参数S1+S2以及进行孢粉相与有机质颗粒大小分析,综合划分出还原深湖半深湖沉积有机相、强还原盐湖沉积有机相和弱还原冲积扇沉积有机相三个沉积有机相,其中以第一种沉积有机相为最好,生烃潜力大。
3、对各沉积有机相烃源岩可溶有机质进行深入分析,对比可溶有机质含量以及饱、芳、非、沥含量与各比值参数差异,简要探讨了烃源岩的有机质类型与沉积环境的差别是影响烃源岩生烃潜力的重要因素。
4、通过对比全岩和粘土粒级沉积物中可溶有机质的含量以及组分差异得出粘土粒级沉积物结合的有机质以可溶有机质为主,而且族组分中芳香烃、非烃类占优势,不含沥青质,在深层烃源岩生烃研究中有重要意义。
5、提取正构烷烃与类异戊烷二烯烃色谱参数、甾烷类与藿烷以及伽马蜡烷、奥利烷等生物标志化合物指标,综合分析有机质来源以及烃源岩的形成环境与保存环境,并得出有机质母源是影响生物标志化合物参数变化的主要因素,在沉积有机质母源相近的条件下可以反映有机质的演化特征以及环境差异。
6、用生物标志化合物划分沉积有机相是直观、有效的方法,但在应用过程中要注意生标参数影响因素的多样性和复杂性。
Dongying depression, which lies in the southeast of Jiyang depression of Bohai basin, is a Meso-cenozonic downfault lake basin after complex tectonic movements on the palaeozoic ancient landform. Heterogeneity is widly distributed in this area. At present, oil and gas explorations are concentrated on the middle-shallow layer. Along with the increasing demand for resources, the exploration of deep oil and gas resources has become a new aspect of petroleum resourece exploration.
Samples are collected from Feng 8,Fengshen 1 and Fengshen 2 wells.By application of advanced technique analysis of organic geochemistry,including:Total organic carbon content,Extraction of soluble organic matter,Group composition of soluble organic matter,GC and GC-MS of saturated hydrocarbon,Thermal pyrolysis experiment,Palynofacies and Grain size analysis of organic matter,characteristics of organic matters and differences of depositonal environment and preservative conditions of deep source-rock in Dongying deppresion were described in detail.It was indicated that:
(1) From viewpoint of organic richness of source-rocks,most of them are relatively high,and the organic matter types are good as well.Based on the maturity,organic matter richness,organic type of source-rocks,following order have been propsed:Es4shang>Es4xia>Ek.
(2) Combined with the characteristic of rich in gyprock in deep source-rocks in Dongying depression, based on comparison of the potential hydrocarbon generation S1+S2 and palynofacies and grain size of organic particales, three sedimentary organic facies were divided: reducing deep-moderate depth lacustrine sedimentary organic facies; highly reduced salt lake sedimentary organic facies; weak reducing alluvial fan sedimentary organic facies.Among these facies, the first is the best.
(3) Further study on the soluble organic matter in different facies, including content and component of chloroform extraction and the variation of parameters, indicated that the type of the source-rocks and its depositonal environment are important factors to the potential hydrocarbon generation of the source-rocks.
(4) Differences of content and composition of soluble organic matters between whole rock and clay-sized sediments show that soluble organic matter is the mainly substance combined with the clay size sediments.Moreover, in the group composition analysis, aromatic hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbone are dominant in the extraction.
(5) Based on the analysis of normal alkane,isoprenoid,sterane,hopanoid,oleanane and other biomarkers,the origin of the organic matter and its dipositional environment were studied synthetically.It was indicated that primary substance of the organic matter is the determinative factor of the variation of the biomarkers. It can be used to identify the evolutional process and the difference of their dipositional environment if the primary organic matter were similar.
(6) According to these parameters right in different strata,it can be seen that biomarker can be used as an effective indicator to divide diversity sedimentary organic facies,but multiple factors affect the changes of biomarker should be pay attention.
通过对东营凹陷丰8、丰深1、丰深2三口井深层烃源岩进行系统采样,采用先进的地球化学分析测试技术和分析方法,包括:有机碳测试、可溶有机质抽提、族组成分析、饱和烃色谱与色质分析、热解试验、孢粉相分析与有机质激光粒度分析综合评价东营凹陷深层烃源岩有机质特征、沉积环境差异以及保存条件的差异,主要得出以下结论:
1、东营凹陷深层烃源岩整体质量较高,有机质类型好。综合对比烃源岩有机质丰度、类型以及成熟度指标,沙四上段优于沙四下段,孔店组最差,同一层段差异性明显。
2、基于东营凹陷深层烃源岩富含膏岩这一特征,通过对比烃源岩热解生烃潜量参数S1+S2以及进行孢粉相与有机质颗粒大小分析,综合划分出还原深湖半深湖沉积有机相、强还原盐湖沉积有机相和弱还原冲积扇沉积有机相三个沉积有机相,其中以第一种沉积有机相为最好,生烃潜力大。
3、对各沉积有机相烃源岩可溶有机质进行深入分析,对比可溶有机质含量以及饱、芳、非、沥含量与各比值参数差异,简要探讨了烃源岩的有机质类型与沉积环境的差别是影响烃源岩生烃潜力的重要因素。
4、通过对比全岩和粘土粒级沉积物中可溶有机质的含量以及组分差异得出粘土粒级沉积物结合的有机质以可溶有机质为主,而且族组分中芳香烃、非烃类占优势,不含沥青质,在深层烃源岩生烃研究中有重要意义。
5、提取正构烷烃与类异戊烷二烯烃色谱参数、甾烷类与藿烷以及伽马蜡烷、奥利烷等生物标志化合物指标,综合分析有机质来源以及烃源岩的形成环境与保存环境,并得出有机质母源是影响生物标志化合物参数变化的主要因素,在沉积有机质母源相近的条件下可以反映有机质的演化特征以及环境差异。
6、用生物标志化合物划分沉积有机相是直观、有效的方法,但在应用过程中要注意生标参数影响因素的多样性和复杂性。
Dongying depression, which lies in the southeast of Jiyang depression of Bohai basin, is a Meso-cenozonic downfault lake basin after complex tectonic movements on the palaeozoic ancient landform. Heterogeneity is widly distributed in this area. At present, oil and gas explorations are concentrated on the middle-shallow layer. Along with the increasing demand for resources, the exploration of deep oil and gas resources has become a new aspect of petroleum resourece exploration.
Samples are collected from Feng 8,Fengshen 1 and Fengshen 2 wells.By application of advanced technique analysis of organic geochemistry,including:Total organic carbon content,Extraction of soluble organic matter,Group composition of soluble organic matter,GC and GC-MS of saturated hydrocarbon,Thermal pyrolysis experiment,Palynofacies and Grain size analysis of organic matter,characteristics of organic matters and differences of depositonal environment and preservative conditions of deep source-rock in Dongying deppresion were described in detail.It was indicated that:
(1) From viewpoint of organic richness of source-rocks,most of them are relatively high,and the organic matter types are good as well.Based on the maturity,organic matter richness,organic type of source-rocks,following order have been propsed:Es4shang>Es4xia>Ek.
(2) Combined with the characteristic of rich in gyprock in deep source-rocks in Dongying depression, based on comparison of the potential hydrocarbon generation S1+S2 and palynofacies and grain size of organic particales, three sedimentary organic facies were divided: reducing deep-moderate depth lacustrine sedimentary organic facies; highly reduced salt lake sedimentary organic facies; weak reducing alluvial fan sedimentary organic facies.Among these facies, the first is the best.
(3) Further study on the soluble organic matter in different facies, including content and component of chloroform extraction and the variation of parameters, indicated that the type of the source-rocks and its depositonal environment are important factors to the potential hydrocarbon generation of the source-rocks.
(4) Differences of content and composition of soluble organic matters between whole rock and clay-sized sediments show that soluble organic matter is the mainly substance combined with the clay size sediments.Moreover, in the group composition analysis, aromatic hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbone are dominant in the extraction.
(5) Based on the analysis of normal alkane,isoprenoid,sterane,hopanoid,oleanane and other biomarkers,the origin of the organic matter and its dipositional environment were studied synthetically.It was indicated that primary substance of the organic matter is the determinative factor of the variation of the biomarkers. It can be used to identify the evolutional process and the difference of their dipositional environment if the primary organic matter were similar.
(6) According to these parameters right in different strata,it can be seen that biomarker can be used as an effective indicator to divide diversity sedimentary organic facies,but multiple factors affect the changes of biomarker should be pay attention.
引文
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