马铃薯为原料发酵制备L-乳酸的研究
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摘要
L-乳酸及其衍生物广泛应用于食品、医药、农业、日用品、环保、化工等领域。尤其是近年来,人们利用乳酸聚合生产生物可降解塑料、绿色包装材料及农用薄膜等,来解决日益严重的资源短缺和环境污染问题,引起了的人们极大的关注,展示了其广阔的应用前景。
本论文以鼠李糖乳杆菌CICC6003作为出发菌株,对其进行紫外诱变,并通过高糖高酸平板和琥珀酸平板筛选突变菌株,得到一株耐高糖高酸,EMP途径强化TCA途径减弱的突变菌株。突变菌株LR-9-3-6乳酸产量达到84.6g/L,比出发菌株提高了25.9%,而且稳定性好。
通过单因素实验确定了马铃薯糖化液为最适碳源,酵母膏为最适氮源,考察培养基组成中马铃薯糖化液、酵母膏、柠檬酸二铵、乙酸钠、K2HPO4、Mg2+、Mn2+、Fe2+8个因素对乳酸产量的影响。采用统计学方法优化鼠李糖乳杆菌突变株LR-9-3-6发酵制备乳酸的发酵培养基。利用Plackett-Burman实验设计法考察培养基组分中的8个因素对乳酸生产的影响,筛选出马铃薯糖化液、酵母膏、硫酸锰三个因素对乳酸产量具有显著影响,选择这三个因素作为主要研究对象进行进一步的优化工作。最陡爬坡实验确定了响应面实验因素水平的中心点为马铃薯糖化液浓度100g/L、酵母膏浓度14g/L、硫酸锰浓度0.015g/L。采用中心复合实验进行响应面实验,用Minitab15软件对中心复合实验设计的实验数据进行二次多项式回归拟合,并建立回归方程,对回归方程求解,对应为马铃薯糖化液浓度110.7g/L,酵母膏浓度14.98g/L,硫酸锰浓度0.016g/L,最大乳酸产量达94.09g/L。在最优条件下进行验证实验,三次实验平均值为93.2g/L,与预测值之间的误差为0.9%。与优化前相比,乳酸产量提高了11.2%,L-乳酸的纯度达到94.8%。通过单因素实验确定了最佳乳酸发酵条件为种龄16h、接种量8%、装液量100mL、温度37℃、CaCO3发酵前一次性加入。
以马铃薯淀粉为原料采用同步糖化发酵工艺进行发酵制备乳酸,对其工艺条件进行优化。研究表明,淀粉先经过液化后再进行同步糖化发酵的工艺乳酸产量最高,通过单因素实验确定了最适淀粉浓度为300g/L、糖化酶用量为250u/g、发酵温度为37℃、最适发酵时间72h。通过Plackett-Burman实验筛选出淀粉浓度、糖化酶用量和发酵温度三个因素对乳酸产量具有显著影响,选择这三个因素作为主要研究对象进行进一步的优化工作。最陡爬坡实验确定了响应面实验因素水平的中心点为淀粉浓度260g/L糖化酶用量260 U/g淀粉、发酵温度38℃。采用中心复合实验进行响应面实验,用Minitab15软件对实验数据进行二次多项式回归拟合,、并建立回归方程,对回归方程求解,对应为淀粉浓度271.89g/L,糖化酶用量265.09 U/g淀粉,发酵温度39.05℃,最大乳酸产量达到196.99 g/L。在最优条件下进行验证实验,三次实验平均值为193.6g/L,误差1.7%,与优化前相比,乳酸产量提高了13.9%,L-乳酸的纯度达到95.2%。
本论文还研究了变温策略在同步糖化发酵中的应用,变温发酵的最佳条件是发酵开始8h后升温至42℃,高温维持2h后再降至37℃,与37℃和39℃恒温发酵相比乳酸产量分别提高了3.5%和1.6%。
Lactic acid and its ramification are widely applyed in many domains,such as food, medicine, agriculture, commodities, environmental protection, chemical industry. Especially in recent years, use lactic acid producing biodegradable plastic polymer, green packaging materials and agricultural film to solve the growing shortage of resources and environmental pollution problems,demonstrating its broad application prospects.
In this paper, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CICC6003 was treated with ultraviolet radiation,after the mutation,a mutated strain was selected with high glucose, high acid and succinic acid flat plate,the production of lactic acid reached 84.6 g/L, increased 25.9% than the original strain, and have good stability.
Determined by single factor experiments for the best potato saccharification liquid carbon source, yeast extract as the most suitable nitrogen source, study the composition of potato saccharification liquid medium, yeast extract, diammonium citrate, sodium acetate, K2HPO4, Mg2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ eight factors on lactic acid yield. Using Plackett-Burman experimental design study of 8 factors in the medium fractions, the liquid of potato saccharification, yeast extract and manganese sulfate selected three significant factors, choose these three factors as the main subjects for further optimization work. Steepest ascent experiment factors determined the center of response surface experimental,the liquid of potato saccharification 100 g/L,yeast extract 14 g/L,manganese sulfate 0.015 g/L.Useing Minitab15 create and regression the equations, the liquid of potato saccharification 110.7 g/L,yeast extract 14.98 g/L,manganese sulfate 0.016 g/L, the maximum lactic acid yield was 94.09 g/L.To verify the optimal experimental conditions, an average of three experiments 93.2 g/L, and the error value was 0.9% between the predicted. Compared with the former, lactic acid production increased 11.2%, L-lactic acid purity was 94.8%. Single factor experiments to determine the best conditions,seed age 16h, inoculum 8%, volume 100mL, temperature 37℃, CaCO3 added before fermentation.
The process of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation were optimized. Research shows that first liquefaction of starch and take the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was the best way.single factor experiments confirmed the optimum starch concentration 300 g/L, glucoamylase dosage 250u/g starch, fermentation temperature 37℃, fermentation time 72h. By Plackett-Burman screening experiment starch concentration, glucoamylase, and fermentation temperature had significant effects,these three factors as the main research object for further optimization. Steepest ascent experiment factors determined the center of response surface experimental,starch concentration 260 g/L, glucoamylase dosage 260 U/g starch, fermentation temperature 38℃. Experiments carried out using central composite response surface experiment, Useing Minitab15 create and regression the equations,starch concentration 271.89 g/L, glucoamylase dosage 265.09 U/g starch, fermentation temperature 39.05℃, the maximum lactic acid production reached 196.99 g/L. In the verification experiments under optimal conditions, an average of three experiments 193.6 g/L, error value was 1.7%, compared with before optimization, the production of lactic acid increased 13.9%, L-lactic acid purity was 95.2%.
This paper also studied the altering temperature strategy in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, the best conditions was after fermentation began 8h warming up temperature to 42℃, maintain 2h and then t dropped to 37℃, the production of lactic acid increased 3.5% and 1.6% with constant temperature fermentation on37℃and 39℃
本论文以鼠李糖乳杆菌CICC6003作为出发菌株,对其进行紫外诱变,并通过高糖高酸平板和琥珀酸平板筛选突变菌株,得到一株耐高糖高酸,EMP途径强化TCA途径减弱的突变菌株。突变菌株LR-9-3-6乳酸产量达到84.6g/L,比出发菌株提高了25.9%,而且稳定性好。
通过单因素实验确定了马铃薯糖化液为最适碳源,酵母膏为最适氮源,考察培养基组成中马铃薯糖化液、酵母膏、柠檬酸二铵、乙酸钠、K2HPO4、Mg2+、Mn2+、Fe2+8个因素对乳酸产量的影响。采用统计学方法优化鼠李糖乳杆菌突变株LR-9-3-6发酵制备乳酸的发酵培养基。利用Plackett-Burman实验设计法考察培养基组分中的8个因素对乳酸生产的影响,筛选出马铃薯糖化液、酵母膏、硫酸锰三个因素对乳酸产量具有显著影响,选择这三个因素作为主要研究对象进行进一步的优化工作。最陡爬坡实验确定了响应面实验因素水平的中心点为马铃薯糖化液浓度100g/L、酵母膏浓度14g/L、硫酸锰浓度0.015g/L。采用中心复合实验进行响应面实验,用Minitab15软件对中心复合实验设计的实验数据进行二次多项式回归拟合,并建立回归方程,对回归方程求解,对应为马铃薯糖化液浓度110.7g/L,酵母膏浓度14.98g/L,硫酸锰浓度0.016g/L,最大乳酸产量达94.09g/L。在最优条件下进行验证实验,三次实验平均值为93.2g/L,与预测值之间的误差为0.9%。与优化前相比,乳酸产量提高了11.2%,L-乳酸的纯度达到94.8%。通过单因素实验确定了最佳乳酸发酵条件为种龄16h、接种量8%、装液量100mL、温度37℃、CaCO3发酵前一次性加入。
以马铃薯淀粉为原料采用同步糖化发酵工艺进行发酵制备乳酸,对其工艺条件进行优化。研究表明,淀粉先经过液化后再进行同步糖化发酵的工艺乳酸产量最高,通过单因素实验确定了最适淀粉浓度为300g/L、糖化酶用量为250u/g、发酵温度为37℃、最适发酵时间72h。通过Plackett-Burman实验筛选出淀粉浓度、糖化酶用量和发酵温度三个因素对乳酸产量具有显著影响,选择这三个因素作为主要研究对象进行进一步的优化工作。最陡爬坡实验确定了响应面实验因素水平的中心点为淀粉浓度260g/L糖化酶用量260 U/g淀粉、发酵温度38℃。采用中心复合实验进行响应面实验,用Minitab15软件对实验数据进行二次多项式回归拟合,、并建立回归方程,对回归方程求解,对应为淀粉浓度271.89g/L,糖化酶用量265.09 U/g淀粉,发酵温度39.05℃,最大乳酸产量达到196.99 g/L。在最优条件下进行验证实验,三次实验平均值为193.6g/L,误差1.7%,与优化前相比,乳酸产量提高了13.9%,L-乳酸的纯度达到95.2%。
本论文还研究了变温策略在同步糖化发酵中的应用,变温发酵的最佳条件是发酵开始8h后升温至42℃,高温维持2h后再降至37℃,与37℃和39℃恒温发酵相比乳酸产量分别提高了3.5%和1.6%。
Lactic acid and its ramification are widely applyed in many domains,such as food, medicine, agriculture, commodities, environmental protection, chemical industry. Especially in recent years, use lactic acid producing biodegradable plastic polymer, green packaging materials and agricultural film to solve the growing shortage of resources and environmental pollution problems,demonstrating its broad application prospects.
In this paper, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CICC6003 was treated with ultraviolet radiation,after the mutation,a mutated strain was selected with high glucose, high acid and succinic acid flat plate,the production of lactic acid reached 84.6 g/L, increased 25.9% than the original strain, and have good stability.
Determined by single factor experiments for the best potato saccharification liquid carbon source, yeast extract as the most suitable nitrogen source, study the composition of potato saccharification liquid medium, yeast extract, diammonium citrate, sodium acetate, K2HPO4, Mg2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ eight factors on lactic acid yield. Using Plackett-Burman experimental design study of 8 factors in the medium fractions, the liquid of potato saccharification, yeast extract and manganese sulfate selected three significant factors, choose these three factors as the main subjects for further optimization work. Steepest ascent experiment factors determined the center of response surface experimental,the liquid of potato saccharification 100 g/L,yeast extract 14 g/L,manganese sulfate 0.015 g/L.Useing Minitab15 create and regression the equations, the liquid of potato saccharification 110.7 g/L,yeast extract 14.98 g/L,manganese sulfate 0.016 g/L, the maximum lactic acid yield was 94.09 g/L.To verify the optimal experimental conditions, an average of three experiments 93.2 g/L, and the error value was 0.9% between the predicted. Compared with the former, lactic acid production increased 11.2%, L-lactic acid purity was 94.8%. Single factor experiments to determine the best conditions,seed age 16h, inoculum 8%, volume 100mL, temperature 37℃, CaCO3 added before fermentation.
The process of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation were optimized. Research shows that first liquefaction of starch and take the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was the best way.single factor experiments confirmed the optimum starch concentration 300 g/L, glucoamylase dosage 250u/g starch, fermentation temperature 37℃, fermentation time 72h. By Plackett-Burman screening experiment starch concentration, glucoamylase, and fermentation temperature had significant effects,these three factors as the main research object for further optimization. Steepest ascent experiment factors determined the center of response surface experimental,starch concentration 260 g/L, glucoamylase dosage 260 U/g starch, fermentation temperature 38℃. Experiments carried out using central composite response surface experiment, Useing Minitab15 create and regression the equations,starch concentration 271.89 g/L, glucoamylase dosage 265.09 U/g starch, fermentation temperature 39.05℃, the maximum lactic acid production reached 196.99 g/L. In the verification experiments under optimal conditions, an average of three experiments 193.6 g/L, error value was 1.7%, compared with before optimization, the production of lactic acid increased 13.9%, L-lactic acid purity was 95.2%.
This paper also studied the altering temperature strategy in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, the best conditions was after fermentation began 8h warming up temperature to 42℃, maintain 2h and then t dropped to 37℃, the production of lactic acid increased 3.5% and 1.6% with constant temperature fermentation on37℃and 39℃
引文
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