生活垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液处理工艺的研究
摘要
本文以温州市临江垃圾发电厂储坑渗滤液(COD=39400～59150mg/L,NH_3-N=380～656mg/L,pH=3.92～5.81),利用生物处理+物化处理(UASB+WSBR+混凝+电解)的工艺,针对生活垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液有机污染物浓度高,氨氮浓度高,重金属含量高和氯离子浓度高的水质特点,进行了集成工艺处理渗滤液的实验研究。
水力停留时间(HRT)和容积负荷(VLR)对UASB的处理效果影响明显,产气量可以反映UASB处理效能,容积产气率过高不利于反应器内污泥的稳定存在。UASB处理单元在运行温度为30℃、HRT为8d和平均VLR为5.61kgCOD/(m~3·d)的条件下,平均容积COD去除率为5.13kgCOD/(m~3·d),平均容积产气率为2.75L/(L·d),平均COD去除率达到90.1%。
水力停留时间(HRT)、操作温度和曝气比率对WSBR的脱氮效果影响明显。WSBR处理单元在运行温度为30℃、HRT为4d、曝气比率为0.33用UASB出水作为反应器进水、平均容积总氮负荷0.25kgN/(m~3·d)和平均容积氨氮负荷为0.23kgNH_3-N/(m~3·d)的条件下,平均容积总氮去除率为0.23kgNH_3-N/(m~3·d),平均容积氨氮去除率为0.22kgNH_3-N/(m~3·d),平均总氮去除率为91.2%,平均氨氮去除率为97.9%。
混凝处理中,混凝剂的组合及投加量、进水pH、水力条件和进水COD浓度对混凝处理效果影响明显。选用聚合氯化铝铁(PAFC)和硫酸铝(AS)为混凝剂,在投加量为200mg/L PAFC和500mg/LAS,同时投加于pH为6的WSBR出水中,在混合转速为300rpm、混合时间为60s、反应转速为50rpm和反应时间为10min的条件下,静置沉淀30min,COD去除率可以达到46.6%,色度去除率可以达到84.3%,浊度去除率可以达到76.4%,出水COD可以降到500mg/L以下。
电解处理渗滤液混凝出水的研究表明,电流强度、电解时间、进水pH、极间距、氯离子浓度、操作温度、极水比和进水COD浓度对于电解处理的效果影响明显。选用RuO_2-IrO_2-TiO_2/Ti电极(三元电极SPR)为阳极电极,将混凝出水pH调至4,在电流强度为0.75A,电解时间为90min,极间距为5mm,极水比为100cm~2/L,氯离子浓度在5000mg/L和温度为20℃的条件下,COD去除率可
In the research paper, the auther use four-combined integrated biological and physi-chemical treatment technology including Upflow Araerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), Without Biomass Retention Sequential Batch Reactor (WSBR), Coagulation-flocculation and Electrolytic Oxidation to treaat the leachate from the retention basin of Linjiang municipal solid waste incineration power plant, Wenzhou. The research is in process to treat high-strength organic pollutant, ammonia, heavy metal and Cl~- (COD=39400~59150mg/L, NH_(3-)N=380~656 mg/L, pH=3.92~5.81) by the integrated treatment technology.Hydraulic retention time (HRT) and volumetric loading (VLD) have an obvious effect on the treatment by UASB. Gas production may reflect the result of the treatment and high volumetric gas production rate trends to effect the stabilization of the sludge in the reactor. The average volumetric COD removal efficiency, average volumetric gas production rate and average COD removal efficiency may respectively reach 5.13kgCOD/(m~3·d), 2.75L/(L·d) and 90.1% in the condition that temperature, HRT and average VLR is respectively 30℃, 8d and 5.61kgCOD/(m~3·d).HRT, temperature and aerobic time ratio have an obvious effect on the treatment by WSBR. The average volumetric TN removal efficiency, average volumetric NH3-N removal efficiency, average TN removal efficiency and average NH3-N removal efficiency may respectively reach 0.23kgNH3-N/(m~3·d), 0.22kgNH_(3-)N/(m~3·d), 91.2% and 97.9 % in the condition that temperature, HRT, aerobic time ratio, average volumetric TN loading and average volumetric NH3-N loading is respectively 30℃, 4d, 0.33,0.25kgN/(m~3·d) and 0.23kgNH_(3-)N/(m~3·d).In the coagulation-flocculation process, the combination of coagulants, coagulant dosage, pH, hydraulic condition and COD concentration in the influent have an obvious effect on the treatment by coagulation-flocculation. COD removal efficiency, color removal efficiency and turbidity may respectively reach 46.6%, 84.3% and 76.4% and COD concentration in the effluent may be reduced under
500mg/L in the condition that the two-combined coagulant including 200mg/L PAFC and 500mg/L AS is at the same time put into the leachate adjusted pH to 6 with the rapid mix velocity of 300rpm, rapid mix time of 60s, reaction velocity of 50rpm, reaction time of 1 Omin and deposited at 30min.The study on electrolytic oxidation for leachate treatment shows that current density, electrolysis time, pH, distance between electrodes, Cl* concentration, temperature, ratio of electrode area to fiowrate and COD concentration in the influent have an obvious effect on the treatment by electrolytic oxidation. COD removal efficiency, NH3-N removal efficiency and color removal efficiency may respectively reach above 40%, near 100% and above 95% and COD concentration in the effluent may be reduced under 200mg/L in the condition that current density, electrolysis time, pH, distance between electrodes, Cl" concentration, temperature and ratio of electrode area to fiowrate is respectively 0.75A, 90min, 4, 5mm, 5000mg/L, 20 °C and 100cm2/L with the use of RuO2-IrO2-TiO2 / Ti electrode (SPR) as the anode.After treated by the four-combined treatment technology, COD may be reduced to under 300mg/L from above 50000mg/L, BOD5 may be reduced to near Omg/L from about 37000mg/L, NH3-N may be reduced to under 5mg/L from above 600mg/L, color may be reduced to under 10 times from above 8000 times, SS may be reduced to near Omg/L from above 8000mg/L and the heavy metal such as Zn, Cr, Cu and Pb may be almost removed completely. The effluent may meet Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard II (GB8978-1996).The content of the paper is a part of the research of the Control Technology and Integrated Measurement for Treatment of leachate from Municipal Solid Waste Treated by MSWI, which is a secondary program of the Control Technology and Integrated Measurement for Treatment of Secondary Pollution from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration which is a predominant program in the environmental field of the National High Technology Research and Develop Program (863 Program).
水力停留时间(HRT)和容积负荷(VLR)对UASB的处理效果影响明显,产气量可以反映UASB处理效能,容积产气率过高不利于反应器内污泥的稳定存在。UASB处理单元在运行温度为30℃、HRT为8d和平均VLR为5.61kgCOD/(m~3·d)的条件下,平均容积COD去除率为5.13kgCOD/(m~3·d),平均容积产气率为2.75L/(L·d),平均COD去除率达到90.1%。
水力停留时间(HRT)、操作温度和曝气比率对WSBR的脱氮效果影响明显。WSBR处理单元在运行温度为30℃、HRT为4d、曝气比率为0.33用UASB出水作为反应器进水、平均容积总氮负荷0.25kgN/(m~3·d)和平均容积氨氮负荷为0.23kgNH_3-N/(m~3·d)的条件下,平均容积总氮去除率为0.23kgNH_3-N/(m~3·d),平均容积氨氮去除率为0.22kgNH_3-N/(m~3·d),平均总氮去除率为91.2%,平均氨氮去除率为97.9%。
混凝处理中,混凝剂的组合及投加量、进水pH、水力条件和进水COD浓度对混凝处理效果影响明显。选用聚合氯化铝铁(PAFC)和硫酸铝(AS)为混凝剂,在投加量为200mg/L PAFC和500mg/LAS,同时投加于pH为6的WSBR出水中,在混合转速为300rpm、混合时间为60s、反应转速为50rpm和反应时间为10min的条件下,静置沉淀30min,COD去除率可以达到46.6%,色度去除率可以达到84.3%,浊度去除率可以达到76.4%,出水COD可以降到500mg/L以下。
电解处理渗滤液混凝出水的研究表明,电流强度、电解时间、进水pH、极间距、氯离子浓度、操作温度、极水比和进水COD浓度对于电解处理的效果影响明显。选用RuO_2-IrO_2-TiO_2/Ti电极(三元电极SPR)为阳极电极,将混凝出水pH调至4,在电流强度为0.75A,电解时间为90min,极间距为5mm,极水比为100cm~2/L,氯离子浓度在5000mg/L和温度为20℃的条件下,COD去除率可
In the research paper, the auther use four-combined integrated biological and physi-chemical treatment technology including Upflow Araerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), Without Biomass Retention Sequential Batch Reactor (WSBR), Coagulation-flocculation and Electrolytic Oxidation to treaat the leachate from the retention basin of Linjiang municipal solid waste incineration power plant, Wenzhou. The research is in process to treat high-strength organic pollutant, ammonia, heavy metal and Cl~- (COD=39400~59150mg/L, NH_(3-)N=380~656 mg/L, pH=3.92~5.81) by the integrated treatment technology.Hydraulic retention time (HRT) and volumetric loading (VLD) have an obvious effect on the treatment by UASB. Gas production may reflect the result of the treatment and high volumetric gas production rate trends to effect the stabilization of the sludge in the reactor. The average volumetric COD removal efficiency, average volumetric gas production rate and average COD removal efficiency may respectively reach 5.13kgCOD/(m~3·d), 2.75L/(L·d) and 90.1% in the condition that temperature, HRT and average VLR is respectively 30℃, 8d and 5.61kgCOD/(m~3·d).HRT, temperature and aerobic time ratio have an obvious effect on the treatment by WSBR. The average volumetric TN removal efficiency, average volumetric NH3-N removal efficiency, average TN removal efficiency and average NH3-N removal efficiency may respectively reach 0.23kgNH3-N/(m~3·d), 0.22kgNH_(3-)N/(m~3·d), 91.2% and 97.9 % in the condition that temperature, HRT, aerobic time ratio, average volumetric TN loading and average volumetric NH3-N loading is respectively 30℃, 4d, 0.33,0.25kgN/(m~3·d) and 0.23kgNH_(3-)N/(m~3·d).In the coagulation-flocculation process, the combination of coagulants, coagulant dosage, pH, hydraulic condition and COD concentration in the influent have an obvious effect on the treatment by coagulation-flocculation. COD removal efficiency, color removal efficiency and turbidity may respectively reach 46.6%, 84.3% and 76.4% and COD concentration in the effluent may be reduced under
500mg/L in the condition that the two-combined coagulant including 200mg/L PAFC and 500mg/L AS is at the same time put into the leachate adjusted pH to 6 with the rapid mix velocity of 300rpm, rapid mix time of 60s, reaction velocity of 50rpm, reaction time of 1 Omin and deposited at 30min.The study on electrolytic oxidation for leachate treatment shows that current density, electrolysis time, pH, distance between electrodes, Cl* concentration, temperature, ratio of electrode area to fiowrate and COD concentration in the influent have an obvious effect on the treatment by electrolytic oxidation. COD removal efficiency, NH3-N removal efficiency and color removal efficiency may respectively reach above 40%, near 100% and above 95% and COD concentration in the effluent may be reduced under 200mg/L in the condition that current density, electrolysis time, pH, distance between electrodes, Cl" concentration, temperature and ratio of electrode area to fiowrate is respectively 0.75A, 90min, 4, 5mm, 5000mg/L, 20 °C and 100cm2/L with the use of RuO2-IrO2-TiO2 / Ti electrode (SPR) as the anode.After treated by the four-combined treatment technology, COD may be reduced to under 300mg/L from above 50000mg/L, BOD5 may be reduced to near Omg/L from about 37000mg/L, NH3-N may be reduced to under 5mg/L from above 600mg/L, color may be reduced to under 10 times from above 8000 times, SS may be reduced to near Omg/L from above 8000mg/L and the heavy metal such as Zn, Cr, Cu and Pb may be almost removed completely. The effluent may meet Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard II (GB8978-1996).The content of the paper is a part of the research of the Control Technology and Integrated Measurement for Treatment of leachate from Municipal Solid Waste Treated by MSWI, which is a secondary program of the Control Technology and Integrated Measurement for Treatment of Secondary Pollution from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration which is a predominant program in the environmental field of the National High Technology Research and Develop Program (863 Program).
引文
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