吸污式自清洗过滤器的开发与理论研究
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摘要
吸污式自清洗过滤器是一种新型的过滤设备,它具有结构简单、自动化程度高、清洗时不间断供水、连续生产、高效等优点。广泛适用于工业、农业、市政等的过滤分离。
本论文立足于吸污式自清洗过滤器的开发,以及过滤机理的研究和流场的优化分析,完成了本自清洗过滤器的优化设计。
吸污式自清洗过滤器主要包括过滤部件与传动部件。过滤部件包括受压筒体、滤网及吸污器。为满足工艺要求,筒体开有大孔,因此利用有限元软件ANSYS,按照分析设计法校核其应力强度与刚度,验证结构设计的合理性。楔形过滤网,易于反冲洗污泥等杂质,由于其结构特殊,因此本文对其采用ANSYS分析校核。
论文研究了自清洗过滤器的过滤机理。以达西定律为基础,分别研究了过滤介质和滤饼的压降。以沉降原理研究了过滤器反冲洗时所能携带的最大固体颗粒尺寸。使用计算流体动力学(CFD)分析软件CFX进行了一定的对比分析。
吸污器是过滤器的重要部件,本文运用计算流体动力学(CFD)分析软件CFX,研究了自清洗过滤器各部件内部的流场状况,得到压力分布、速度分布等流体力学特性。分析吸污器流场后,进而对排污管变径、吸管不等径、吸嘴不等径几种结构形式进行了流场的优化分析。
Suction Filter is a new type of filtration and separation machine. Its features are simple structure, high automation, no interruption of downstream flow during flushing, continuous flushing and high efficiency. It can be used in industry, irrigation and municipalities.
This thesis is concentrated on structural design, filtering mechanisms study and analysis of flow field, the overall structure of the Suction Filter is figured out.
The Suction Filter includes filtration part and transmission part. The filtration part includes pressure vessel, filter cylinder, suction scanner. Required by chemical process, there are large openings on the shell of the pressure vessel, so it is important to analyze the stress intensity and deformation of the pressure vessel with ANSYS and method of analysis design. The echelon-shaped wire of filter cylinder is easy to back washing, but has complicated structure, so using ANSYS to analyze it.
The filtering mechanism of Suction Filter has been studied in this thesis. Base on the Darcy classical formula about filtration, pressure decline produced by filtrating medium and solid particle during filtration is estimated. According the sedimentation theory, the ability for carrying solid particles is also studied when back washing. The result is compared with The CFD simulation by CFX software.
Suction scanner is an important part of self cleaning filter. By using CFX, simulates the flow field of the medium inside the Suction Filter, then analyses the distribution of the pressure and velocity. As the several changing of structure form, studies the variety of the flow field in the suction scanner, then optimize the design of the suction scanner.
本论文立足于吸污式自清洗过滤器的开发,以及过滤机理的研究和流场的优化分析,完成了本自清洗过滤器的优化设计。
吸污式自清洗过滤器主要包括过滤部件与传动部件。过滤部件包括受压筒体、滤网及吸污器。为满足工艺要求,筒体开有大孔,因此利用有限元软件ANSYS,按照分析设计法校核其应力强度与刚度,验证结构设计的合理性。楔形过滤网,易于反冲洗污泥等杂质,由于其结构特殊,因此本文对其采用ANSYS分析校核。
论文研究了自清洗过滤器的过滤机理。以达西定律为基础,分别研究了过滤介质和滤饼的压降。以沉降原理研究了过滤器反冲洗时所能携带的最大固体颗粒尺寸。使用计算流体动力学(CFD)分析软件CFX进行了一定的对比分析。
吸污器是过滤器的重要部件,本文运用计算流体动力学(CFD)分析软件CFX,研究了自清洗过滤器各部件内部的流场状况,得到压力分布、速度分布等流体力学特性。分析吸污器流场后,进而对排污管变径、吸管不等径、吸嘴不等径几种结构形式进行了流场的优化分析。
Suction Filter is a new type of filtration and separation machine. Its features are simple structure, high automation, no interruption of downstream flow during flushing, continuous flushing and high efficiency. It can be used in industry, irrigation and municipalities.
This thesis is concentrated on structural design, filtering mechanisms study and analysis of flow field, the overall structure of the Suction Filter is figured out.
The Suction Filter includes filtration part and transmission part. The filtration part includes pressure vessel, filter cylinder, suction scanner. Required by chemical process, there are large openings on the shell of the pressure vessel, so it is important to analyze the stress intensity and deformation of the pressure vessel with ANSYS and method of analysis design. The echelon-shaped wire of filter cylinder is easy to back washing, but has complicated structure, so using ANSYS to analyze it.
The filtering mechanism of Suction Filter has been studied in this thesis. Base on the Darcy classical formula about filtration, pressure decline produced by filtrating medium and solid particle during filtration is estimated. According the sedimentation theory, the ability for carrying solid particles is also studied when back washing. The result is compared with The CFD simulation by CFX software.
Suction scanner is an important part of self cleaning filter. By using CFX, simulates the flow field of the medium inside the Suction Filter, then analyses the distribution of the pressure and velocity. As the several changing of structure form, studies the variety of the flow field in the suction scanner, then optimize the design of the suction scanner.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国务院.国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006-2020)[EB/OL].2006.02.09.http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2OO6-O2/09/content_183787.htm
[2]张晓光,郑荫林,姜春波.国内外自动清洗过滤器的发展及应用[J].丹东纺专学报,2002,9(1):28-29.
[3]张大群.我国水工业机械设备的总体状况与发展[J].建设科技,2002,2:21-23
[4][英]Rushton,A.S.Ward,R.CtHoldich,朱企新,许莉,谭蔚等译.Solid-Liquid Filtration and Separation Technology(固液两相过滤及分离技术)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[5]唐立夫,王维一,张怀清.过滤机[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1984.
[6]梁金龙,章琪.国外过滤与分离机械发展概况[J].过滤与分离,2000,10(4):1-7.
[7]孙启才.分离机械[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1997.
[8][美]克莱德·奥尔,邵启祥译.过滤理论与实践[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1982.145-394.
[9]刘凡清,范德顺,黄钟.固液分离与工业水处理[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2001.
[10]周轶峰,范德顺.一种新型污泥脱水设备-滚压式污泥脱水机[J].过滤与分离,2005,15(2):42-44
[1]张德友,陈道林,卓培忠.新型白动反冲洗过滤机的开发与应用[J].过滤与分离,2002,12,(1):21-23
[12]张德友,戴明.辅助力场分离技术在新型过滤机中的应用[J].过滤与分离,2002,12(2):37-40
[13]徐新阳,罗茜.高效脱水的进展[J].过滤与分离,2001,(1):1-5
[14]陈世朋,张景米.污水处理中的污泥脱水技术研究进展[J].污染防瀹技术,2006:2(1):16-19
[15]高智荣,宋珏容.污泥脱水机械的选择讨论[J].工业安全与环保.2002.28(6):18-20
[16]周国成.我国污水处理厂污泥脱水机械概况[J].中国市政工程,1995,69(2):37-45
[17]OLSON.DONALD O.FILTER AND FILTER CLEANING APPARATUS AND R.ELATED METHODS[P].世界专利 WO030397,2003.5
[18]Caracciolo,Jr.Louis D.High volume self-cleaning filter[P].美国专利,US563203A1.1997.03
[19]Gil,Shemuel.Continuous liquid filtering apparatus with multi-layer sintered filtering element [P].美国专利,US6267879B1.2007-07
[20]Takatsuka,Mitsuo.Self-cleaning mechanical filter[P].美国专利,US2006043014A1.2006-06
[21]Olson,Donald O.Filter and filter cleaning apparatus and related methods[P].美国专利,US2004238435A 1.2005-11
[22]Amiad.ABF heavy duty filter[DB/OL].[2007-06-16].http://www.amiad.com/filters/abf_series_ 1.asp
[23]DAVIS SCOTT J.FILTER WITH RECIPROCATING CLEANER UNIT[P].美国专利,US5198111,1993-3
[24]SCHROEDER INDUSTRIES LLC.Automatic Self-Cleaning Filters[DB/OL].[2007-07-16].http://www.schroederpure.com/
[25]lmanse,Craig Lee.Filter assembly with sealed magnetically coupled cleaning head actuator [P].美国专利,20050045537,2003-09.
[26]Wakeman,Richard J.Filtering apparatus and method[P].英国专利,080773,1987-03
[27]Davis.Filter with reciprocating cleaner unit[P].美国专利,5198111,March 30,1993.
[28]Davis.Filter with rotating wiper having indexing blades[P].美国专利,5087365,1992-2-11
[29]Crawford.Filter for filtering solids out of a liquid having a doctor blade wiping means[P].~国专利,4880539,1989-11-14
[30]Chupka.Disk rotor for selectifier screen[P].美国专利,4663030,1987-05-05
[31]Hofstede.Apparatus for separation of suspensions from a fluid under pressure[P].美国专利。4591436,1986-03-27
[32]王国强,实用工程数值模拟技术及其在ANSYS上的实践(第一版)[M].西安,西北工业大学出版社,1999
[33]王勖成,邵敏.有限元法基本原理与数值方法[M].北京,清华大学出版社,1988,1-10
[34]王富耻,张朝晖.ANSYS 10.0有限元分析理论与工程应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006.1-6
[35]王福军.计算流体动力学分析-CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.9
[36]翟建华.计算流体力学(CFD)的通用软件[J].河北科技大学学报.2006.26(2).160-165
[37]方坤.计算流体力学的几种常用软件[J].煤炭技术.2006,25(12),
[38]JB4732-95.钢制压力容器-分析设计标准[S].1995
[39]陈伟.圆梓壳大开孔接管的薄壳理论解及其试验验证[D].清华大学,1995
[40]张红才.压力容器大开孔补强结构强度有限元分析[J].石油化工设备报.2005.34(3).24-27
[41]刘宝庆,蒋家羚.压力容器人开孔补强方法[J].压力容器.2002.19(2).38-41
[42]纪卫红,_乇丽英.内压圆筒火开孔率接管弹塑性有限元分析[J]:化工机械.2006.33(3).156-162
[43]薛明德.国外关于圆柱壳开孔接管问题的研究概况[J].压力容器,1991,8(2):9-15.
[44]宋大舒.圆柱壳人开孔问题的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,1997.
[45]成大先.机械设计手册(第四版)[M].北京:化学工业山版社,2004.
[46]濮良贵,纪名刚.机械设计(第七版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001
[47]刘鸿文.材料力学(第二版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998.320-327
[48]陈敏恒,丛德兹,方图南,等.化工原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社.2000.
[49]A Rushton著,康勇,许莉泽.滤饼过滤理论与实践:过去、现在和未来[J].过滤与分离.1998,(3):39-46
[50]姜立新,毛星蕴,赵松年,等.液力过滤与液力乐密睨水的理论(一)[J]过滤与分离.2001,11(2):8-12.
[51]姜立新,毛星蕴,赵松年,等.液力过滤与液力压密脱水的理论(二)[J].过滤与分离,2001,11(3):9-14.
[52]许莉,朱企新,鲁淑群,等.过滤理论研究与过滤实践中的儿个问题[J].化工机械.2000,27(5):287-291.
[53]李国会,李晓华,王继斌.粒状滤料过滤理论浅析[J].中国环境管理干部学院学报.2006,16(1):54-56.
[54]郑邦民,夏军强.固体颗粒的群体沉降速度分析[J].泥沙研究,2004,(6):40一45.
[55]刘爱萍,邓金根.垂直井筒低黏度液流最小携砂速度研究[J].石油钻采。工艺,2007.29(1):31-33.
[56]詹咏,王惠明,曾小为.泥沙沉降速度研究进展及其影响因素分析[J].人民长江.2001,32(2):23-25.
[2]张晓光,郑荫林,姜春波.国内外自动清洗过滤器的发展及应用[J].丹东纺专学报,2002,9(1):28-29.
[3]张大群.我国水工业机械设备的总体状况与发展[J].建设科技,2002,2:21-23
[4][英]Rushton,A.S.Ward,R.CtHoldich,朱企新,许莉,谭蔚等译.Solid-Liquid Filtration and Separation Technology(固液两相过滤及分离技术)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[5]唐立夫,王维一,张怀清.过滤机[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1984.
[6]梁金龙,章琪.国外过滤与分离机械发展概况[J].过滤与分离,2000,10(4):1-7.
[7]孙启才.分离机械[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1997.
[8][美]克莱德·奥尔,邵启祥译.过滤理论与实践[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1982.145-394.
[9]刘凡清,范德顺,黄钟.固液分离与工业水处理[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2001.
[10]周轶峰,范德顺.一种新型污泥脱水设备-滚压式污泥脱水机[J].过滤与分离,2005,15(2):42-44
[1]张德友,陈道林,卓培忠.新型白动反冲洗过滤机的开发与应用[J].过滤与分离,2002,12,(1):21-23
[12]张德友,戴明.辅助力场分离技术在新型过滤机中的应用[J].过滤与分离,2002,12(2):37-40
[13]徐新阳,罗茜.高效脱水的进展[J].过滤与分离,2001,(1):1-5
[14]陈世朋,张景米.污水处理中的污泥脱水技术研究进展[J].污染防瀹技术,2006:2(1):16-19
[15]高智荣,宋珏容.污泥脱水机械的选择讨论[J].工业安全与环保.2002.28(6):18-20
[16]周国成.我国污水处理厂污泥脱水机械概况[J].中国市政工程,1995,69(2):37-45
[17]OLSON.DONALD O.FILTER AND FILTER CLEANING APPARATUS AND R.ELATED METHODS[P].世界专利 WO030397,2003.5
[18]Caracciolo,Jr.Louis D.High volume self-cleaning filter[P].美国专利,US563203A1.1997.03
[19]Gil,Shemuel.Continuous liquid filtering apparatus with multi-layer sintered filtering element [P].美国专利,US6267879B1.2007-07
[20]Takatsuka,Mitsuo.Self-cleaning mechanical filter[P].美国专利,US2006043014A1.2006-06
[21]Olson,Donald O.Filter and filter cleaning apparatus and related methods[P].美国专利,US2004238435A 1.2005-11
[22]Amiad.ABF heavy duty filter[DB/OL].[2007-06-16].http://www.amiad.com/filters/abf_series_ 1.asp
[23]DAVIS SCOTT J.FILTER WITH RECIPROCATING CLEANER UNIT[P].美国专利,US5198111,1993-3
[24]SCHROEDER INDUSTRIES LLC.Automatic Self-Cleaning Filters[DB/OL].[2007-07-16].http://www.schroederpure.com/
[25]lmanse,Craig Lee.Filter assembly with sealed magnetically coupled cleaning head actuator [P].美国专利,20050045537,2003-09.
[26]Wakeman,Richard J.Filtering apparatus and method[P].英国专利,080773,1987-03
[27]Davis.Filter with reciprocating cleaner unit[P].美国专利,5198111,March 30,1993.
[28]Davis.Filter with rotating wiper having indexing blades[P].美国专利,5087365,1992-2-11
[29]Crawford.Filter for filtering solids out of a liquid having a doctor blade wiping means[P].~国专利,4880539,1989-11-14
[30]Chupka.Disk rotor for selectifier screen[P].美国专利,4663030,1987-05-05
[31]Hofstede.Apparatus for separation of suspensions from a fluid under pressure[P].美国专利。4591436,1986-03-27
[32]王国强,实用工程数值模拟技术及其在ANSYS上的实践(第一版)[M].西安,西北工业大学出版社,1999
[33]王勖成,邵敏.有限元法基本原理与数值方法[M].北京,清华大学出版社,1988,1-10
[34]王富耻,张朝晖.ANSYS 10.0有限元分析理论与工程应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006.1-6
[35]王福军.计算流体动力学分析-CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.9
[36]翟建华.计算流体力学(CFD)的通用软件[J].河北科技大学学报.2006.26(2).160-165
[37]方坤.计算流体力学的几种常用软件[J].煤炭技术.2006,25(12),
[38]JB4732-95.钢制压力容器-分析设计标准[S].1995
[39]陈伟.圆梓壳大开孔接管的薄壳理论解及其试验验证[D].清华大学,1995
[40]张红才.压力容器大开孔补强结构强度有限元分析[J].石油化工设备报.2005.34(3).24-27
[41]刘宝庆,蒋家羚.压力容器人开孔补强方法[J].压力容器.2002.19(2).38-41
[42]纪卫红,_乇丽英.内压圆筒火开孔率接管弹塑性有限元分析[J]:化工机械.2006.33(3).156-162
[43]薛明德.国外关于圆柱壳开孔接管问题的研究概况[J].压力容器,1991,8(2):9-15.
[44]宋大舒.圆柱壳人开孔问题的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,1997.
[45]成大先.机械设计手册(第四版)[M].北京:化学工业山版社,2004.
[46]濮良贵,纪名刚.机械设计(第七版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001
[47]刘鸿文.材料力学(第二版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998.320-327
[48]陈敏恒,丛德兹,方图南,等.化工原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社.2000.
[49]A Rushton著,康勇,许莉泽.滤饼过滤理论与实践:过去、现在和未来[J].过滤与分离.1998,(3):39-46
[50]姜立新,毛星蕴,赵松年,等.液力过滤与液力乐密睨水的理论(一)[J]过滤与分离.2001,11(2):8-12.
[51]姜立新,毛星蕴,赵松年,等.液力过滤与液力压密脱水的理论(二)[J].过滤与分离,2001,11(3):9-14.
[52]许莉,朱企新,鲁淑群,等.过滤理论研究与过滤实践中的儿个问题[J].化工机械.2000,27(5):287-291.
[53]李国会,李晓华,王继斌.粒状滤料过滤理论浅析[J].中国环境管理干部学院学报.2006,16(1):54-56.
[54]郑邦民,夏军强.固体颗粒的群体沉降速度分析[J].泥沙研究,2004,(6):40一45.
[55]刘爱萍,邓金根.垂直井筒低黏度液流最小携砂速度研究[J].石油钻采。工艺,2007.29(1):31-33.
[56]詹咏,王惠明,曾小为.泥沙沉降速度研究进展及其影响因素分析[J].人民长江.2001,32(2):23-25.