扬水曝气水源水质改善技术研究
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摘要
针对大水深水库水源富营养化、沉积物内源污染严重等突出问题,以及缺乏有效水源水质改善技术的现状,研究开发了解决此类水质问题的扬水曝气水源水质改善技术。系统研究了扬水曝气水源水质改善理论与技术。建立了扬水曝气器的理论模型,研究了藻类运动分布规律、沉积物污染释放规律。模拟了流速场、溶解氧分布场和温度场。确定了扬水曝气技术的应用方法和应用条件。将该技术应用于水源水质改善,混合上下水层,破坏水体分层,抑制藻类生长;给水体充氧,提高下层水体溶解氧,控制沉积物污染释放,取得了显著的水质改善效果。
研究了藻类在水体中的生长运动规律,测定了藻类的上浮速度,揭示了通过改变流场抑制藻类生长的机理。研究揭示了沉积物中污染物释放规律。在此基础上,提出了扬水曝气水源水质改善技术,针对扬水曝气器优化设计,建立了扬水曝气器结构优化模型、提水速度数学模型、充氧能力数学模型,利用CFD模型对混合流场进行了流速场、水质场、温度场的定量模拟,形成了系统的扬水曝气技术理论基础。
研究开发出了具有提水和充氧能力的扬水曝气器,通过实验室试制、中试和生产性试验,确定了扬水曝气器的结构组成,实现了提水和充氧两大功能,并将扬水曝气器设计成长度可调结构,自动适应水位变化,提高混合效果。研究开发了扬水曝气与生物接触氧化组合水质改善技术,确定了组合技术的结构组成、组合方式。扬水曝气技术及其组合技术能够用于混合上下水层,抑制藻类生长;增加水体溶解氧,控制沉积物中污染物释放,解决大水深水库水源富营养化和沉积物内源污染问题。
研究确定了扬水曝气技术抑制藻类生长的应用条件、应用方法和作用范围。扬水曝气技术抑制藻类生长的水力条件是:循环水流的下向流速大于1.65cm/min,抑制藻类生长的水深条件是:水深大于10m。通过CFD模型模拟了扬水曝气器周围的流速场,确定了扬水曝气技术抑制藻类生长的能力和作用范围,从而确定扬水曝气器的布置间距。将扬水曝气技术应用于天津市芥园水厂预沉池,抑制藻类生长,在停留时间为27h的条件下,成功抑制了藻类的生长,使藻类由正增长9.32%转变成衰减4.64%,总量下降了14%,影响范围内藻类下降了26.5%。根据理论分析,在大水深、停留时间长的水源水体中,藻类的生长将基本被控制。
研究确定了扬水曝气技术控制沉积物中污染物释放的应用条件、应用方法和作用范围。扬水曝气技术抑制沉积物中氮、有机质释放的条件是将沉积物表面溶解氧提升到2mg/L以上,抑制磷、铁、锰释放的条件是将沉积物表面溶解氧提升到1mg/L以上。通过CFD模型模拟了扬水曝气器周围的溶解氧分布场,确定了扬水曝气技术控制沉积物中污染物释放的作用范围。将扬水曝气技术应用于山西省引黄工程汾河水库,控制沉积物中污染物释放,确定了系统组成、工艺布置、施工方法等应用方法,使污染物释放量减少了95%,取得了显著的水质改善效果。
Aiming at the water quality problems of eutrophication and pollutants' releasing from sediments in deep water source reservoir,the Water- lifting Aerator was developed to improve water quality.The theoretic model of the Water- lifting Aerator was built up,the regulation of algae' distribution and motion and the characteristic of pollutants' releasing from sediment have been studied,as well as the field of flow velocity,dissolved oxygen and temperature have been modeled.The application qualification and method of the Water-lifting Aerator were determined.The technology of Water-lifting Aerator has been applied to mix water to destratify lakes and reservoirs,restrain alga's growth and oxygenate water in lower lay to control pollutants' releasing from sediment,and a prominent effect has been obtained.
The regulation of algae' distribution and motion was studied,and the velocity of algae's floating up has been measured,so as to discover the mechanism of restraining algae's growth by the Water-lifting Aerator.The characteristic of pollutants' releasing from sediment have been discovered.Aiming at the design of the Water-lifting Aerator,models of structure optimization,water flow velocity and oxygenation capacity have been built up.The fields of flow velocity,dissolved oxygen and temperature around Water-lifting Aerator have been modeled by CFD model.
The Water-lifting Aerator which has functions of lifting water and oxygenation was developed by tests.The subassemblies of the Water-lifting Aerator were determined.The two functions of lifting water and oxygenate were achieved by the Water-lifting Aerator.The ascending cylinder is designed as telescopic structure,so that it can adjust its length automatically with the variation of water level to enhance the effect of mixing water.A combined water quality improvement technology of Water-lifting Aerator and bio-contact oxidation process has been developed also.The component and the combining mode of the combined technology were determined.The Water-lifting Aeration technology and its combined technology can mix upper layer water and lower layer water to restrain algae's growth,and increase dissolved oxygen to control pollutants' releasing from sediment,so as to resolve the problems of eutrophication and inner pollutent source in water soruce.
The application qualification,method and affect area for the Water-lifting Aerator to restrain alga's growth were studied.The hydraulic requirement for the Water-lifting Aerator to restrain alga's growth is that the down flow velocity is more than 1.65cm/min,and the required water depth for Water-lifting Aerator to restrain alga's growth is more than 10m.The area where algae growth is controlled by Water-lifting Aerator was determined by CFD modeling.The Water-lifting Aeration technology was applied to restrain alga's growth in the raw water preliminary sedimentation tank of Jie-Yuan water plant of Tian-Jin city.The Water-lifting Aerators made alga decreased for 14%in the preliminary sedimentation tank, and for 26.5%in the area impacted by Water-lifting Aerators.A greater effect would be obtained by theoretical analysis in deeper and longer staying time water.
The application qualification,method and affect area for the Water-lifting Aerator to control pollutants' releasing from sediment were studied.The application qualification for the Water- lifting Aerator to control nitrogen and organic materials releasing from sediment is that the dissolved oxygen on the interface of sediment and water must be more than 2mg/L, and more than 1mg/L for controlling phosphorus,iron and manganese releasing.The area where the pollutants releasing from sediment will be controlled is determined by modeling distribution field of dissolved oxygen around the Water-lifting Aerator.The Water-lifting Aeration technology had been applied to control pollutants releasing from sediments in Fen-He reservoir which is a part of water transmission project from Huang-He reviver in Shan-Xi province.Compare with that in the same time of last year,the pollutants released from sediment were decreased by the Water-lifting Aerator technology for 95%,the effect of water quality improvement is great.
研究了藻类在水体中的生长运动规律,测定了藻类的上浮速度,揭示了通过改变流场抑制藻类生长的机理。研究揭示了沉积物中污染物释放规律。在此基础上,提出了扬水曝气水源水质改善技术,针对扬水曝气器优化设计,建立了扬水曝气器结构优化模型、提水速度数学模型、充氧能力数学模型,利用CFD模型对混合流场进行了流速场、水质场、温度场的定量模拟,形成了系统的扬水曝气技术理论基础。
研究开发出了具有提水和充氧能力的扬水曝气器,通过实验室试制、中试和生产性试验,确定了扬水曝气器的结构组成,实现了提水和充氧两大功能,并将扬水曝气器设计成长度可调结构,自动适应水位变化,提高混合效果。研究开发了扬水曝气与生物接触氧化组合水质改善技术,确定了组合技术的结构组成、组合方式。扬水曝气技术及其组合技术能够用于混合上下水层,抑制藻类生长;增加水体溶解氧,控制沉积物中污染物释放,解决大水深水库水源富营养化和沉积物内源污染问题。
研究确定了扬水曝气技术抑制藻类生长的应用条件、应用方法和作用范围。扬水曝气技术抑制藻类生长的水力条件是:循环水流的下向流速大于1.65cm/min,抑制藻类生长的水深条件是:水深大于10m。通过CFD模型模拟了扬水曝气器周围的流速场,确定了扬水曝气技术抑制藻类生长的能力和作用范围,从而确定扬水曝气器的布置间距。将扬水曝气技术应用于天津市芥园水厂预沉池,抑制藻类生长,在停留时间为27h的条件下,成功抑制了藻类的生长,使藻类由正增长9.32%转变成衰减4.64%,总量下降了14%,影响范围内藻类下降了26.5%。根据理论分析,在大水深、停留时间长的水源水体中,藻类的生长将基本被控制。
研究确定了扬水曝气技术控制沉积物中污染物释放的应用条件、应用方法和作用范围。扬水曝气技术抑制沉积物中氮、有机质释放的条件是将沉积物表面溶解氧提升到2mg/L以上,抑制磷、铁、锰释放的条件是将沉积物表面溶解氧提升到1mg/L以上。通过CFD模型模拟了扬水曝气器周围的溶解氧分布场,确定了扬水曝气技术控制沉积物中污染物释放的作用范围。将扬水曝气技术应用于山西省引黄工程汾河水库,控制沉积物中污染物释放,确定了系统组成、工艺布置、施工方法等应用方法,使污染物释放量减少了95%,取得了显著的水质改善效果。
Aiming at the water quality problems of eutrophication and pollutants' releasing from sediments in deep water source reservoir,the Water- lifting Aerator was developed to improve water quality.The theoretic model of the Water- lifting Aerator was built up,the regulation of algae' distribution and motion and the characteristic of pollutants' releasing from sediment have been studied,as well as the field of flow velocity,dissolved oxygen and temperature have been modeled.The application qualification and method of the Water-lifting Aerator were determined.The technology of Water-lifting Aerator has been applied to mix water to destratify lakes and reservoirs,restrain alga's growth and oxygenate water in lower lay to control pollutants' releasing from sediment,and a prominent effect has been obtained.
The regulation of algae' distribution and motion was studied,and the velocity of algae's floating up has been measured,so as to discover the mechanism of restraining algae's growth by the Water-lifting Aerator.The characteristic of pollutants' releasing from sediment have been discovered.Aiming at the design of the Water-lifting Aerator,models of structure optimization,water flow velocity and oxygenation capacity have been built up.The fields of flow velocity,dissolved oxygen and temperature around Water-lifting Aerator have been modeled by CFD model.
The Water-lifting Aerator which has functions of lifting water and oxygenation was developed by tests.The subassemblies of the Water-lifting Aerator were determined.The two functions of lifting water and oxygenate were achieved by the Water-lifting Aerator.The ascending cylinder is designed as telescopic structure,so that it can adjust its length automatically with the variation of water level to enhance the effect of mixing water.A combined water quality improvement technology of Water-lifting Aerator and bio-contact oxidation process has been developed also.The component and the combining mode of the combined technology were determined.The Water-lifting Aeration technology and its combined technology can mix upper layer water and lower layer water to restrain algae's growth,and increase dissolved oxygen to control pollutants' releasing from sediment,so as to resolve the problems of eutrophication and inner pollutent source in water soruce.
The application qualification,method and affect area for the Water-lifting Aerator to restrain alga's growth were studied.The hydraulic requirement for the Water-lifting Aerator to restrain alga's growth is that the down flow velocity is more than 1.65cm/min,and the required water depth for Water-lifting Aerator to restrain alga's growth is more than 10m.The area where algae growth is controlled by Water-lifting Aerator was determined by CFD modeling.The Water-lifting Aeration technology was applied to restrain alga's growth in the raw water preliminary sedimentation tank of Jie-Yuan water plant of Tian-Jin city.The Water-lifting Aerators made alga decreased for 14%in the preliminary sedimentation tank, and for 26.5%in the area impacted by Water-lifting Aerators.A greater effect would be obtained by theoretical analysis in deeper and longer staying time water.
The application qualification,method and affect area for the Water-lifting Aerator to control pollutants' releasing from sediment were studied.The application qualification for the Water- lifting Aerator to control nitrogen and organic materials releasing from sediment is that the dissolved oxygen on the interface of sediment and water must be more than 2mg/L, and more than 1mg/L for controlling phosphorus,iron and manganese releasing.The area where the pollutants releasing from sediment will be controlled is determined by modeling distribution field of dissolved oxygen around the Water-lifting Aerator.The Water-lifting Aeration technology had been applied to control pollutants releasing from sediments in Fen-He reservoir which is a part of water transmission project from Huang-He reviver in Shan-Xi province.Compare with that in the same time of last year,the pollutants released from sediment were decreased by the Water-lifting Aerator technology for 95%,the effect of water quality improvement is great.
引文
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