苏里格气田砂岩储层CO_2压裂技术研究
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摘要
苏里格气田砂岩气藏具有低孔、低渗、低压的“三低”特点,气层自然产能不能满足勘探开发的需要。为了提高单井产量、获得工业价值,就必须进行压裂改造,而常规压裂改造后由于地层特点液体返排较困难,大量的液体滞留在井内造成二次污染。而CO_2压裂具有水基压裂液用量少,对地层和裂缝伤害小、携砂性能好,返排快、返排率高等优点。通过岩石力学实验、储层敏感性分析、支撑剂评价选择、纯CO_2相似性实验研究等室内实验,筛选评价了国内外各种常用CO_2压裂液添加剂,优化出了CO_2压裂液体系,研究了施工过程中井筒和地层温度场的变化,对施工参数进行了调整优化,形成了一套完整的泡沫和干法压裂工艺技术。十五井次的现场施工表明,该工艺的增产和助排显著,为苏里格气田提供了一条成功的改造模式。
The characteristics of the sandstone reservoir in Suliger gas field are low porosity, low permeability and low pressure. So reservoir nature energy couldn’t meet the need of production. In order to obtain a high production and good profit, hydraulic fracturing is needed. There are some shortcomings of regular water-base fracturing fluids. The difficulty that fracturing fluids flow back from the well makes a damage to the formation. CO_2 foam fracturing fluids have the advantages in good capacity of carrying sand, low damage to formation, quick flowback and high flowback rate. Based on rock mechanics test, formation sensitive analysis and pure CO_2 comparability laboratory reasercher, CO_2 fracturing fluid was optimized. The treatment parameters are adjusted by the temperature change of borehole and formation during hydraulic fracturing. The technique was applied in the field and 15 treatments have been done successfully. The result shows that the technique is good flowback and a high production after treatment. Therefore the technique is a new method for stimulating production of Suliger gas field sandstone.
The characteristics of the sandstone reservoir in Suliger gas field are low porosity, low permeability and low pressure. So reservoir nature energy couldn’t meet the need of production. In order to obtain a high production and good profit, hydraulic fracturing is needed. There are some shortcomings of regular water-base fracturing fluids. The difficulty that fracturing fluids flow back from the well makes a damage to the formation. CO_2 foam fracturing fluids have the advantages in good capacity of carrying sand, low damage to formation, quick flowback and high flowback rate. Based on rock mechanics test, formation sensitive analysis and pure CO_2 comparability laboratory reasercher, CO_2 fracturing fluid was optimized. The treatment parameters are adjusted by the temperature change of borehole and formation during hydraulic fracturing. The technique was applied in the field and 15 treatments have been done successfully. The result shows that the technique is good flowback and a high production after treatment. Therefore the technique is a new method for stimulating production of Suliger gas field sandstone.
引文
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[18]赵正龙,李建国,杨朝辉,等.CO_2泡沫压裂工艺技术在中原油田的实践[J].钻采工艺,2006,29(2):54-56
[19]丁云宏,丛连铸,卢拥军,等.CO_2泡沫压裂液的研究与应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(4):103-105
[20]郑新权,靳志霞.CO_2泡沫压裂优化设计技术及应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2003,25(4):53-56
[21]曾雨辰.中原油田二氧化碳压裂改造初探[J].天然气勘探与开发,2005,28(2):27-31
[22]雷群,李宪文,幕立俊,等.低压低渗砂岩气藏CO_2压裂工艺研究与试验[J].天然气工业,2005,25(4):113-115
[2]蒋瑞忠,蒋廷学,汪永利.水力压裂技术的近期发展及展望[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(4):52-56
[3]郑新权.长庆上古生界气藏CO_2泡沫压裂技术研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):111-113
[4]李治龙,钱武鼎.我国油田用泡沫流体综述[J].钻井液与完井液,1994,2(1):1-5
[5]王鸿勋,张士诚.水力压裂设计数值计算方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:73-107
[6]刘晓明,蔡明哲,蔡长宇.CO_2泡沫压裂液性能评价[J].钻井液与完井液,2004,21(3):1-4
[7]苗和平,王鸿勋.水平井压裂施工中温度场的计算方法[J].石油钻采工艺,1994,16(3):45-49
[8]王鸿勋.采油工艺原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989:23-65
[9]马新仿,黄少云,张士诚.全三维水力压裂过程中裂缝及近缝地层的温度计算模型[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(5):38-41
[10]王斌,汪军,林宗虎,等.CO_2泡沫压裂裂缝三维延伸及温度场的数值模拟[J].上海理工大学学报,2005,27(1):71-74
[11]刘通义,刘磊.CO_2泡沫压裂液在裂缝中的两相流动研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2006,23(1):55-57
[12]卢拥军,方波,江体乾,等.CO_2泡沫压裂液粘弹性与触变性的表征研究[J].天然气工业,2005,25(7):78-80
[13]王志刚,王树众,林宗虎,等.超临界CO_2/胍胶泡沫压裂液流变特性研究[J].石油与天然气化工,2003,32(1):42-45
[14]陈彦东,卢拥军,田助红,等.CO_2泡沫压裂液的流变特性研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2000,17(2):25-27
[15]周继东,朱伟民,卢拥军,等.二氧化碳泡沫压裂液研究与应用[J].油田化学,2004,21(4):316-319
[16]王振铎,王晓泉,卢拥军.二氧化碳泡沫压裂技术在低渗透低压气藏中的应用[J].石油学报,2004,25(3):66-70
[17]李阳,翁定为,于永波,等.CO_2泡沫压裂液的研究及现场应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2006,23(1):51-54
[18]赵正龙,李建国,杨朝辉,等.CO_2泡沫压裂工艺技术在中原油田的实践[J].钻采工艺,2006,29(2):54-56
[19]丁云宏,丛连铸,卢拥军,等.CO_2泡沫压裂液的研究与应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(4):103-105
[20]郑新权,靳志霞.CO_2泡沫压裂优化设计技术及应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2003,25(4):53-56
[21]曾雨辰.中原油田二氧化碳压裂改造初探[J].天然气勘探与开发,2005,28(2):27-31
[22]雷群,李宪文,幕立俊,等.低压低渗砂岩气藏CO_2压裂工艺研究与试验[J].天然气工业,2005,25(4):113-115