重钢高线厂浊循环废水处理的优化研究
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摘要
轧钢废水是一类常见的工业废水,其中的污染物主要是在对钢材表面进行喷淋冷却过程中带入系统中的氧化铁皮(屑)以及各润滑点的漏油、渗油所造成的油类冲击负荷。本文以重钢线材厂一沉池出水为研究对象,针对其现有回用系统中悬浮物和油严重超标的问题,本文着力研究去除其中SS和油的方法,结合国内外的相关研究,采取混凝沉降试验进行了去除水中的悬浮物和油的试验,为解决该污水处理并回用的问题奠定了基础。
试验采用六联搅拌仪进行混凝条件的确定,通过单因素、正交试验,确定各影响因素的最优条件及其显著性,得出最佳条件。通过大量的试验确定了混凝工艺各参数的最优条件如下:混凝剂PFS、加药量为10mg/L、混凝搅拌强度300r/min、混凝剂搅拌时间60s、慢搅强度80r/min、慢搅时间5min、沉淀时间10min、pH为8,在上述条件下原水的SS由274mg/L降到2.13mg/L,油从25mg/L降到4.59mg/L,有效地解决了水中悬浮物超标的问题,满足轧钢循环冷却水的出水要求,为解决该污水处理并回用的问题奠定基础。
通过药剂筛选和参数优化确定的最佳条件除SS效果很好且抗冲击负荷能力很好,而油虽然达标,但是出水效果却不稳定,并且受水质变化影响较大。
对于下一步工作的建议:在混凝工艺的基础上添加过滤工艺,采用石英砂、陶粒、核桃壳以及新型纤维滤料进行过滤。过滤工艺的主要目标是去除热浊环水中的乳化油,保证出水效果。
本研究对于轧钢循环冷却水的回用处理及工程应用实践具有借鉴和指导意义。
Steel rolling waste water is normal industrial waste water. The pollutant mainly clludes the scrap iron from shower cooling process and leaked or seeped lubricate oil. This article is focused on research outlet water of sink pool in Chongqing Iron and Steel Company High Speed Rod Plant. Aiming at serious over content of suspended solid and oil, this article is studying on how to get rid of SS and oil. Combining related research at home and abroad, concrete sinking experiment is adopted to get of suspended solid and oil in the water. This shall set the foundation to solve the problem of the plant on how to treat waste water and recycle it.
Six linked mixer is adopted in the experiment to define the concrete condition. The best condition and the prominence of every affecting factor could be defined through single factor ortho-cross experiment. Based on large amount of experiment, the best condition of concrete process is as follow: beton agentPES, chemical agent amount of 10mg/L, concrete mixing speed:300r/min, mixing duration60s, slow mixing speed80r/min, slow mixing time5min, sinking time10min, PH value 8. With above condition, the SS of raw water is reduced from 274mg/L to 2.13mg/L, the oil content is reduced from 25mg/L to 4.59mg/L. This solved the problem of over content of SS and meet the outlet water quality requirement for steel rolling cooling water.
The best condition through chemical agent selection and optimized parameter is good to get rid of SS and could increase ability to resist impactive load. As the fluctuation of water quality, the oil content could not meet standard requirement.
Suggestion to further work: to add filtration system besides concrete system with quartzite sand, ceramic particle, walnut shell and new fibre filtration material. Main purpose to add such filtration system is to get rid of emulsification oil from hot muddy recycling water and ensure the wate quality at outlet.
This research could be referred by water treatment of steel rolling cooling water and guide the application in engineering practice.
The steel rolling waste water is a sort of familiar liquid waste. The mainly contaminations in it are the ferric oxide scraps which were taken in when sprinkle and cooling the surface of rolled steel and the oil burthen which is seeped from the lubricate point. The object of our study is the outflow of the first sedimentation pool of the stick and wire mill, Chongqing steel company. Be dead against the overtake of the suspend matter, oil content and the red cling substance, we analysed the problem of system in existence, decided to wipe off the suspend matter with coagulation-flocculation technics. We also experimented the ways to break mulsification of liquid elementarily. The optimal condition of coagulation-flocculation are: coagulant PFS(dosage 10mg/L), assist coagulant anion PAM(molecular 1×107,dosage 0.75mg/L), rapid mix gradient grads 300r/min, rapid mix time 60s, coagulant grads 80r/min, coagulant time 10min, sedimentation time 10min,pH 8. In this conditions, the SS of original water descend from 274mg/L to 2.13mg/L, raveling out the high content of SS availably; and then, different de-emulsifyings were examined respectively; We researched the scheme of compounding, which will be helpful to the recycle of the waste water.
Our study can guide the project of the recycle of the steel rolling waste water and might be used for reference practically.
试验采用六联搅拌仪进行混凝条件的确定,通过单因素、正交试验,确定各影响因素的最优条件及其显著性,得出最佳条件。通过大量的试验确定了混凝工艺各参数的最优条件如下:混凝剂PFS、加药量为10mg/L、混凝搅拌强度300r/min、混凝剂搅拌时间60s、慢搅强度80r/min、慢搅时间5min、沉淀时间10min、pH为8,在上述条件下原水的SS由274mg/L降到2.13mg/L,油从25mg/L降到4.59mg/L,有效地解决了水中悬浮物超标的问题,满足轧钢循环冷却水的出水要求,为解决该污水处理并回用的问题奠定基础。
通过药剂筛选和参数优化确定的最佳条件除SS效果很好且抗冲击负荷能力很好,而油虽然达标,但是出水效果却不稳定,并且受水质变化影响较大。
对于下一步工作的建议:在混凝工艺的基础上添加过滤工艺,采用石英砂、陶粒、核桃壳以及新型纤维滤料进行过滤。过滤工艺的主要目标是去除热浊环水中的乳化油,保证出水效果。
本研究对于轧钢循环冷却水的回用处理及工程应用实践具有借鉴和指导意义。
Steel rolling waste water is normal industrial waste water. The pollutant mainly clludes the scrap iron from shower cooling process and leaked or seeped lubricate oil. This article is focused on research outlet water of sink pool in Chongqing Iron and Steel Company High Speed Rod Plant. Aiming at serious over content of suspended solid and oil, this article is studying on how to get rid of SS and oil. Combining related research at home and abroad, concrete sinking experiment is adopted to get of suspended solid and oil in the water. This shall set the foundation to solve the problem of the plant on how to treat waste water and recycle it.
Six linked mixer is adopted in the experiment to define the concrete condition. The best condition and the prominence of every affecting factor could be defined through single factor ortho-cross experiment. Based on large amount of experiment, the best condition of concrete process is as follow: beton agentPES, chemical agent amount of 10mg/L, concrete mixing speed:300r/min, mixing duration60s, slow mixing speed80r/min, slow mixing time5min, sinking time10min, PH value 8. With above condition, the SS of raw water is reduced from 274mg/L to 2.13mg/L, the oil content is reduced from 25mg/L to 4.59mg/L. This solved the problem of over content of SS and meet the outlet water quality requirement for steel rolling cooling water.
The best condition through chemical agent selection and optimized parameter is good to get rid of SS and could increase ability to resist impactive load. As the fluctuation of water quality, the oil content could not meet standard requirement.
Suggestion to further work: to add filtration system besides concrete system with quartzite sand, ceramic particle, walnut shell and new fibre filtration material. Main purpose to add such filtration system is to get rid of emulsification oil from hot muddy recycling water and ensure the wate quality at outlet.
This research could be referred by water treatment of steel rolling cooling water and guide the application in engineering practice.
The steel rolling waste water is a sort of familiar liquid waste. The mainly contaminations in it are the ferric oxide scraps which were taken in when sprinkle and cooling the surface of rolled steel and the oil burthen which is seeped from the lubricate point. The object of our study is the outflow of the first sedimentation pool of the stick and wire mill, Chongqing steel company. Be dead against the overtake of the suspend matter, oil content and the red cling substance, we analysed the problem of system in existence, decided to wipe off the suspend matter with coagulation-flocculation technics. We also experimented the ways to break mulsification of liquid elementarily. The optimal condition of coagulation-flocculation are: coagulant PFS(dosage 10mg/L), assist coagulant anion PAM(molecular 1×107,dosage 0.75mg/L), rapid mix gradient grads 300r/min, rapid mix time 60s, coagulant grads 80r/min, coagulant time 10min, sedimentation time 10min,pH 8. In this conditions, the SS of original water descend from 274mg/L to 2.13mg/L, raveling out the high content of SS availably; and then, different de-emulsifyings were examined respectively; We researched the scheme of compounding, which will be helpful to the recycle of the waste water.
Our study can guide the project of the recycle of the steel rolling waste water and might be used for reference practically.
引文
[1]肖宏.热轧车间浊环水的处理.南方金属,2001,121(8):58-60.
[2]韩剑宏.中水回用技术及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[3]张景来.冶金工业污水处理技术及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社,2003.
[4]陈常洲.连铸和热轧浊环水处理系统的改进措施.山西冶金,1995(5):46-52.
[5]郁宝兴.含油废水的分类及其处置.电力环境保护,1994,10(3):46-50.
[6]孙福利.浅谈热轧浊环水处理系统的改进措施.冶金动力,1995(3):10-16.
[7]Jardine P M,Zelazny L Influence of inorganic anions on the speciation of mononuclear and polynuclear aluminum speciation through differentkineticreactions with-ferron.SSSAJ,1987,51,889-892.
[8]钢铁企业给水排水设汁.冶金工业出版社,1979.
[9]HsuPH and CaoDD.Effects of acidity and hydroxy-lamine on thedetermination of aluminum with Ferron.Soil Sci.1991,152(3):210.
[10]Shoji Yuichi,Matsura Hiroyki.Volume reduction of low-level enrichment waste solution Jpn.Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP04 283 700,1992.
[11]汪立,周清.应用破乳除油剂CJ-02处理轧钢废水.冶金动力,1996,4(2):48-50.
[12]水力学.西南交通大学水力学研究室编.北京:高等教育出版社,1982.
[13]O.C.哈巴洛夫者.游敬熙译.冶金工业污水净化.北京:冶金工业出版社,1981.
[14]T.H.Plegue,S.G.Frank,etc,Viscosity and Colloidial Properties of Concentrated Oil-in-Water Emulsions,Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,1986,Vol.114,No1,88-105.
[15]边广义,孙福利.热轧车间浊环水的处理.工业用水与废水,2000,31(4):17-18.
[16]Tore Skodvin,Johan Sjoblom,etc,Water-in-crude emulsions from the Norwegian Continental Shelf,Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,1994,166,43-50.
[17]R.Gergory and T.F.Zabel,Sedimentation and Flotation,Water Quality and Treatment,A Handbook of Community Water Supplies,AWWA 4~(th),McGraw Hill,New York,USA,1990,367-453:42-44.
[18]陈芳艳.用聚合氯化铝铁混凝处理炼油废水的研究.辽宁城乡环境科技,2000,20(5):27-29.
[19]J.YBottro et al,Flocculation of Silica colloids with hydroxyaluminium polycations,relation between floc structure and aggregation mechanism,Langumuir,199-,6:596.
[20]何为庆.工业废水处理.北京:冶金工业出版社,1999.
[21]T.Hall,J.Pressdee,R.Gregory and K.Murray,Cryptosporidium removal during water treatment using dissolved air flotation,Water Sci.Tech.1995,31(3/4):125-135.
[22]HsuPH and CaoDD.Effects of acidity and hydroxy-lamine on thedetermination of aluminum with Ferron.Soil Sci.,1991,152(3):210.
[23]徐根良.含油废水处理技术综述.水处理技术,1991,17(1):1-12.
[24]Letterman RD and lyer DR.Modelling the effect of hydrolyzed aluminumand solution chemistry.ES&T,1 985,19:673.
[25]骆俊霞.轧钢循环水系统降悬浮物除油研究.山东环境,2001(2):21-22.
[26]何慧琴,童仕唐.水处理中絮凝剂个研究进展.应用化工,2001,30(6):14-16.
[27]褚良银.絮凝法处理工业废水的试验研究.工业水处理.,1993,13(3):26-28.
[28]陈志莉,叶茂平.含油污水处理絮凝剂的选用研究.工程与技术.工业水处理,2002,1(3):20-21.
[29]M.Rossini,J.Garcia Garrido,M.Galluzzo.Optimization of the coagulation-flocculation treatment:influence of rapid mix parameters.Elsevier Scince Ltd,1999,33(8):1817-1826.
[30]郝拉娣,于化东.正交表的使用分.编辑学报,2005,17(5):334-335.
[31]水和废水监测分析方法编写组.水和废水监测分析方法.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.
[32]国家环保局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.
[33]Hallvard Odegarrd.Optimised particle separation in the primary step of wastewater treatment.Wat.Sci.Tech.1996,37,10.
[34]Wouter Ghyoot and Willy Verstrate.Anaerobic digestion of primary sludge from chemical pre-precipitation.Wat.Sci.Tech.1997.36:6-7.
[35]Dykuski kafal.Manufacture of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide from waste sodium sulfate.Chemik,2001,54,1.
[36]Levin A M,et al.Nickel and manganese recovery from sulfuric acid solutions by membrane electrolysis.Tsvtn.Met.2000,2.
[37]董如何,肖必华,方永水.正交试验设计的理论分析方法及应用.安徽建筑工业学院学报(自然科学版),2004,12(6):103-107.
[38]唐受印,戴友芝.废水处理工程.北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[39]高廷耀,顾国维.水污染控制工程下册.高等教育出版社,1999(5):206-209.
[2]韩剑宏.中水回用技术及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[3]张景来.冶金工业污水处理技术及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社,2003.
[4]陈常洲.连铸和热轧浊环水处理系统的改进措施.山西冶金,1995(5):46-52.
[5]郁宝兴.含油废水的分类及其处置.电力环境保护,1994,10(3):46-50.
[6]孙福利.浅谈热轧浊环水处理系统的改进措施.冶金动力,1995(3):10-16.
[7]Jardine P M,Zelazny L Influence of inorganic anions on the speciation of mononuclear and polynuclear aluminum speciation through differentkineticreactions with-ferron.SSSAJ,1987,51,889-892.
[8]钢铁企业给水排水设汁.冶金工业出版社,1979.
[9]HsuPH and CaoDD.Effects of acidity and hydroxy-lamine on thedetermination of aluminum with Ferron.Soil Sci.1991,152(3):210.
[10]Shoji Yuichi,Matsura Hiroyki.Volume reduction of low-level enrichment waste solution Jpn.Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP04 283 700,1992.
[11]汪立,周清.应用破乳除油剂CJ-02处理轧钢废水.冶金动力,1996,4(2):48-50.
[12]水力学.西南交通大学水力学研究室编.北京:高等教育出版社,1982.
[13]O.C.哈巴洛夫者.游敬熙译.冶金工业污水净化.北京:冶金工业出版社,1981.
[14]T.H.Plegue,S.G.Frank,etc,Viscosity and Colloidial Properties of Concentrated Oil-in-Water Emulsions,Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,1986,Vol.114,No1,88-105.
[15]边广义,孙福利.热轧车间浊环水的处理.工业用水与废水,2000,31(4):17-18.
[16]Tore Skodvin,Johan Sjoblom,etc,Water-in-crude emulsions from the Norwegian Continental Shelf,Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,1994,166,43-50.
[17]R.Gergory and T.F.Zabel,Sedimentation and Flotation,Water Quality and Treatment,A Handbook of Community Water Supplies,AWWA 4~(th),McGraw Hill,New York,USA,1990,367-453:42-44.
[18]陈芳艳.用聚合氯化铝铁混凝处理炼油废水的研究.辽宁城乡环境科技,2000,20(5):27-29.
[19]J.YBottro et al,Flocculation of Silica colloids with hydroxyaluminium polycations,relation between floc structure and aggregation mechanism,Langumuir,199-,6:596.
[20]何为庆.工业废水处理.北京:冶金工业出版社,1999.
[21]T.Hall,J.Pressdee,R.Gregory and K.Murray,Cryptosporidium removal during water treatment using dissolved air flotation,Water Sci.Tech.1995,31(3/4):125-135.
[22]HsuPH and CaoDD.Effects of acidity and hydroxy-lamine on thedetermination of aluminum with Ferron.Soil Sci.,1991,152(3):210.
[23]徐根良.含油废水处理技术综述.水处理技术,1991,17(1):1-12.
[24]Letterman RD and lyer DR.Modelling the effect of hydrolyzed aluminumand solution chemistry.ES&T,1 985,19:673.
[25]骆俊霞.轧钢循环水系统降悬浮物除油研究.山东环境,2001(2):21-22.
[26]何慧琴,童仕唐.水处理中絮凝剂个研究进展.应用化工,2001,30(6):14-16.
[27]褚良银.絮凝法处理工业废水的试验研究.工业水处理.,1993,13(3):26-28.
[28]陈志莉,叶茂平.含油污水处理絮凝剂的选用研究.工程与技术.工业水处理,2002,1(3):20-21.
[29]M.Rossini,J.Garcia Garrido,M.Galluzzo.Optimization of the coagulation-flocculation treatment:influence of rapid mix parameters.Elsevier Scince Ltd,1999,33(8):1817-1826.
[30]郝拉娣,于化东.正交表的使用分.编辑学报,2005,17(5):334-335.
[31]水和废水监测分析方法编写组.水和废水监测分析方法.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.
[32]国家环保局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.
[33]Hallvard Odegarrd.Optimised particle separation in the primary step of wastewater treatment.Wat.Sci.Tech.1996,37,10.
[34]Wouter Ghyoot and Willy Verstrate.Anaerobic digestion of primary sludge from chemical pre-precipitation.Wat.Sci.Tech.1997.36:6-7.
[35]Dykuski kafal.Manufacture of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide from waste sodium sulfate.Chemik,2001,54,1.
[36]Levin A M,et al.Nickel and manganese recovery from sulfuric acid solutions by membrane electrolysis.Tsvtn.Met.2000,2.
[37]董如何,肖必华,方永水.正交试验设计的理论分析方法及应用.安徽建筑工业学院学报(自然科学版),2004,12(6):103-107.
[38]唐受印,戴友芝.废水处理工程.北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[39]高廷耀,顾国维.水污染控制工程下册.高等教育出版社,1999(5):206-209.