山西省万家寨引黄工程水力学仿真计算研究
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摘要
万家寨引黄工程是国内最大、具有国际先进水平的封闭式引水工程。该工程所处地域地形复杂，属大流量、长管道、高扬程、多级泵站串联运行的封闭式大型引水工程，沿线调蓄能力差，运行工况复杂。本文在引黄工程全系统分析的基础上，以面向对象的分析和设计方法，设计了水力学仿真系统的对象模型；建立了泵系统、管道和阀门的水力学仿真计算的数学模型。在此基础上，给出了管道、泵系统数值计算和阀门关闭曲线的抛物线插值算法的流程。
在Windows XP环境下，以上述仿真计算模型和算法为基础，使用Visual basic语言，编程实现了引黄工程从总干万家寨水库至申同嘴水库水利学仿真计算程序，对总一、二级泵站的多种运行工况的水力学瞬变特征进行了仿真计算。
理论分析和实际仿真计算结果表明，本文所采用的数学模型及数值计算方法是可靠的。因此计算得到的系统特性是精确可靠的，并且与实际发生的工况基本吻合。
The Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project (YRDP) is the biggest on scale in China and the most advanced close diversion project on earth as well, which is big flow, long tunnel, high head serially close large-scale diversion project and has low ability to adjust and save with complex running conditions. This paper puts forward the object models of the hydraulics computer simulation system on the basis of object-oriented system analysis and design as well as the whole-system analysis of YRDP. At the same time, system designs and creates the hydraulics mathematical models in terms of its pump system, conduit and valve. On this base, put forward the flow of numerical calculation of the conduits and pump system, and the flow of parabola-insertion algorithm, on which the value of the midst point on the valve-closed curve can be calculated.
On the platform of Windows XP, depending on the model of the hydraulics computer simulation and the algorithm, aiming at the General Main Pump Station(GMPS) of YRDP, from Wanjiazhai reservoir to Shentongzui reservoir, the hydraulics computer simulation program has been programmed and implemented with MS VB 6.0, which is able to simulate the hydraulics characteristics of a series of transient working conditions between GMPS1 and GMPS2 of YRDP.
Theoretical analysis an practical numerical calculation result indicate
that mathematical models and numerical calculation methods in the paper is exactly reliable. So the characteristics of system are exactly reliable by calculation. And it tallied with the actual working conditions of the system.
在Windows XP环境下，以上述仿真计算模型和算法为基础，使用Visual basic语言，编程实现了引黄工程从总干万家寨水库至申同嘴水库水利学仿真计算程序，对总一、二级泵站的多种运行工况的水力学瞬变特征进行了仿真计算。
理论分析和实际仿真计算结果表明，本文所采用的数学模型及数值计算方法是可靠的。因此计算得到的系统特性是精确可靠的，并且与实际发生的工况基本吻合。
The Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project (YRDP) is the biggest on scale in China and the most advanced close diversion project on earth as well, which is big flow, long tunnel, high head serially close large-scale diversion project and has low ability to adjust and save with complex running conditions. This paper puts forward the object models of the hydraulics computer simulation system on the basis of object-oriented system analysis and design as well as the whole-system analysis of YRDP. At the same time, system designs and creates the hydraulics mathematical models in terms of its pump system, conduit and valve. On this base, put forward the flow of numerical calculation of the conduits and pump system, and the flow of parabola-insertion algorithm, on which the value of the midst point on the valve-closed curve can be calculated.
On the platform of Windows XP, depending on the model of the hydraulics computer simulation and the algorithm, aiming at the General Main Pump Station(GMPS) of YRDP, from Wanjiazhai reservoir to Shentongzui reservoir, the hydraulics computer simulation program has been programmed and implemented with MS VB 6.0, which is able to simulate the hydraulics characteristics of a series of transient working conditions between GMPS1 and GMPS2 of YRDP.
Theoretical analysis an practical numerical calculation result indicate
that mathematical models and numerical calculation methods in the paper is exactly reliable. So the characteristics of system are exactly reliable by calculation. And it tallied with the actual working conditions of the system.
引文
[1] Anderson A, Menabrea's Note on Waterhammer, 1958, ASCE Journal of the Hydraulics Division, 1976, 102(HY1)
[2] Allievi L, the Theory of Waterhammer, Eglish Translation by Halmos E E, ASME, New York, 1925
[3] Bergeron L, Study on the steady-state Variation in Water-filled conduits, General Graphical Solution, Revue General de L'Hydraulique, 1935, 1(1)
[4] Evangelisti G, Waterhammer Analysis by the Method of Characteristics, Li Energ. Elec, Vol XLVI, No 10,11, Milan, 1969
[5] Steeter V L, Waterhammer Analysis, ASCE, Journal of the Hydraulics Division, 1969, 95(HY6)
[6] Tijsseling A S, Vardy AE&Fan D, Fluid Structure Interaction in a T-pipe, Journal of Fluids and Structure, 1996, 10
[7] Tijsseling A S, Vardy AE&Fan D, Fluid Structure Interation and Caviation in a Single-elbow Pipe System, Journal of Fluids and Structure, 1996, 10
[8] Lavooij C S W&Tijsseling A S, Fluid-structure Interaction Liquid-filled Piping Systems, Journal of fluids and Structure, 1991, 5
[9] Kruisbrink A C H&Heinxbroek A G J fluid-structure Interaction in Non-rigid Pipeline System-large Scale Validation Test, Proc.of the Int. Louf. On Pipeline Systems, BHRG, Manchester, March, 1992
[10] 张立翔等，弱约束管道系统水锤研究与进展，水动力学研究与进展，A辑，Vol14，No．1，1999．3
[11] 蒋劲，刘光临等，气穴瞬变基本方程特征根问题研究，华中理工大学报，Vol25，No．8，1997．8
[12] 于永海等，有压瞬变流反向问题研究综述，水利水电科技进展，Vol20，No．5，2000．10
[13] 金玲琴，水锤特征线法的一种等距计算格式，水动力学研究与进展，Vol 12，No．2，1997．6
[14] 马素霞，阎庆绂等，截留在管道中气体引起的瞬变流动，第十三届水动力学研究与进展研讨会，贵阳，1999．10
[15] Ma Su Xia, Li Xin, Yan QingFu, Transient Characteristics of Condensate System of a Power Plant, ACFM-8 December 6-10, 1999, Shen Zhen, China.
[16] http://www1.baidu.com/baidu?myselectvalue=0&tn=sitek666&ct=&lm=
&myselect=0&word=%CF%D2%BD%D8%B7%A8
[17] Marchal M G Flesh and P Suter, The calculation of Waterhammer Problems by Means of the Digital Computer, Proc. Int. symp. Waterhammer pumped storage projects, ASME, Chicago, Nov. 1965
[18] Steeter V L and E B Wylie, Transient Analysis of Offshore Loading System, J. of Eng. For Industry, Trans, ASME, Vol 97, Sec. B, No.1, Feb. 1975
[19] Donsky Benjamin, Complete Pump Characteristics and the Effects of Specific Speeds on Hydraulic Transients, J.Basic Eng. ASME, Dec. 1961
[20] Linton P, Note on Pressure Surge Calculation by the Graphical Method Pump Stoppage after Power Failure, K.J.Enver. BHRA. Fluid Eng. TN447, Aug. 1972
[21] Sheer T J, R J Baasch and M S Gibbs, Computer Analysis of Waterhammer in Pumping System, the south African Mech. Eng, Vol 23, No.7, July 1973
[22] 李欣，火电厂凝结水系统瞬变工况特性研究，太原理工大学硕士学位论文，2001．3
[23] 蒋劲，确定泵系统阀门最优关闭程序的VS方法研究，武汉水利水电大学学报，1994(5)
[24] 刘光临等，泵系统水锤最优阀调节研究，流体工程，1992．5
[25] 靳思宇，阎庆绂等，自激振荡流动的基本模式形态，太原理工大学学报，Vol 32，No．6，2001
[26] 吴望一，流体力学，北京大学出版社，1983
[27] 闻德荪，工程流体力学，高等教育出版社，2001
[28] 吴持恭，水力学，高等教育出版社，1998
[29] 郭立君，泵与风机，水利电力出版社，1986
[30] [美]E B 怀利，V L 斯特里特，瞬变流，水利水电出版社
[31] 陈材侃，计算流体力学，重庆出版社，1992
[32] 苏铭德，计算流体力学基础，清华大学出版社，1997
[33] 孙祥海等，计算流体力学导论，上海交通大学出版社，1987
[34] 山西省万家寨引黄入晋工程详细设计说明书．天津水利水电勘测设计院(1996．9)
[35] 山西省万家寨引黄入晋工程全线自动化系统初步设计报告．天津水利水电勘测设计院(1996．9)
[36] 山西省万家寨引黄工程一期工程简介．山西省万家寨引黄工程总公司(1996)
[37] 冯允成，邹志红等．离散系统仿真．机械工业出版社．1998．12．1 p310-320
[38] 山西省万家寨引黄入晋工程自动化组网需求研究报告，太原理工大
学(1997．12)p9-15
[39] 山西省万家寨引黄入晋工程系统运行研究报告．太原理工大学(1997．12)p8-13
[40] 山西省万家寨引黄工程全系统运行水力瞬变计算报告．中国水利水电科学研究院(1999．9)p4-16，p21-25，p21-25
[41] [加]Chaudhry, M.H., 陈家远、孙诗杰等译．实用水利过渡过程．四川省水力发电工程学会 1985．9 p419-420
[42] Streeter, V.L., Fluid Mechanics, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1966.
[43] Wylie, C.R., Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1967
[44] Steeter, V.L., and Wylie, E.B., Hydraulic Transients, McGraw Hill Book Co., New York, 1967, pp. 22-52
[45] Halliwell, A.R., Velocity of a Waterhammer Wave in an Elastic Pipe, Jour., Hydraulics Div, Amer. Soc. Civil Engrs., Vol.89.No.HY4, July 1963,pp. 1-21
[46] Lister, M., The Numerical Solution of Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations by the Method of Characteristics, chapter in Ref. 1, pp. 165-179.
[47] 吴建华，供水泵站工程计算机实用优化技术，中国商业出版社，1999．2，p68
[48] [美]Scott, D.F., 周少柏等译，Visual Basic for Windows实用编程指南，清华大学出版社，1994．7
[49] [美]Michael Halvorson，张钟军等译，Visual Basic 6学习指南，机械工业出版社，1999．12
[50] 赖纯洁，引黄入晋输水工程全系统运行仿真系统，系统仿真学报，1999．6．v11(3)．p176-180．
[51] 王敏慧，基于C/S模式的Socket网络编程，计算机工程，1999．2
[2] Allievi L, the Theory of Waterhammer, Eglish Translation by Halmos E E, ASME, New York, 1925
[3] Bergeron L, Study on the steady-state Variation in Water-filled conduits, General Graphical Solution, Revue General de L'Hydraulique, 1935, 1(1)
[4] Evangelisti G, Waterhammer Analysis by the Method of Characteristics, Li Energ. Elec, Vol XLVI, No 10,11, Milan, 1969
[5] Steeter V L, Waterhammer Analysis, ASCE, Journal of the Hydraulics Division, 1969, 95(HY6)
[6] Tijsseling A S, Vardy AE&Fan D, Fluid Structure Interaction in a T-pipe, Journal of Fluids and Structure, 1996, 10
[7] Tijsseling A S, Vardy AE&Fan D, Fluid Structure Interation and Caviation in a Single-elbow Pipe System, Journal of Fluids and Structure, 1996, 10
[8] Lavooij C S W&Tijsseling A S, Fluid-structure Interaction Liquid-filled Piping Systems, Journal of fluids and Structure, 1991, 5
[9] Kruisbrink A C H&Heinxbroek A G J fluid-structure Interaction in Non-rigid Pipeline System-large Scale Validation Test, Proc.of the Int. Louf. On Pipeline Systems, BHRG, Manchester, March, 1992
[10] 张立翔等，弱约束管道系统水锤研究与进展，水动力学研究与进展，A辑，Vol14，No．1，1999．3
[11] 蒋劲，刘光临等，气穴瞬变基本方程特征根问题研究，华中理工大学报，Vol25，No．8，1997．8
[12] 于永海等，有压瞬变流反向问题研究综述，水利水电科技进展，Vol20，No．5，2000．10
[13] 金玲琴，水锤特征线法的一种等距计算格式，水动力学研究与进展，Vol 12，No．2，1997．6
[14] 马素霞，阎庆绂等，截留在管道中气体引起的瞬变流动，第十三届水动力学研究与进展研讨会，贵阳，1999．10
[15] Ma Su Xia, Li Xin, Yan QingFu, Transient Characteristics of Condensate System of a Power Plant, ACFM-8 December 6-10, 1999, Shen Zhen, China.
[16] http://www1.baidu.com/baidu?myselectvalue=0&tn=sitek666&ct=&lm=
&myselect=0&word=%CF%D2%BD%D8%B7%A8
[17] Marchal M G Flesh and P Suter, The calculation of Waterhammer Problems by Means of the Digital Computer, Proc. Int. symp. Waterhammer pumped storage projects, ASME, Chicago, Nov. 1965
[18] Steeter V L and E B Wylie, Transient Analysis of Offshore Loading System, J. of Eng. For Industry, Trans, ASME, Vol 97, Sec. B, No.1, Feb. 1975
[19] Donsky Benjamin, Complete Pump Characteristics and the Effects of Specific Speeds on Hydraulic Transients, J.Basic Eng. ASME, Dec. 1961
[20] Linton P, Note on Pressure Surge Calculation by the Graphical Method Pump Stoppage after Power Failure, K.J.Enver. BHRA. Fluid Eng. TN447, Aug. 1972
[21] Sheer T J, R J Baasch and M S Gibbs, Computer Analysis of Waterhammer in Pumping System, the south African Mech. Eng, Vol 23, No.7, July 1973
[22] 李欣，火电厂凝结水系统瞬变工况特性研究，太原理工大学硕士学位论文，2001．3
[23] 蒋劲，确定泵系统阀门最优关闭程序的VS方法研究，武汉水利水电大学学报，1994(5)
[24] 刘光临等，泵系统水锤最优阀调节研究，流体工程，1992．5
[25] 靳思宇，阎庆绂等，自激振荡流动的基本模式形态，太原理工大学学报，Vol 32，No．6，2001
[26] 吴望一，流体力学，北京大学出版社，1983
[27] 闻德荪，工程流体力学，高等教育出版社，2001
[28] 吴持恭，水力学，高等教育出版社，1998
[29] 郭立君，泵与风机，水利电力出版社，1986
[30] [美]E B 怀利，V L 斯特里特，瞬变流，水利水电出版社
[31] 陈材侃，计算流体力学，重庆出版社，1992
[32] 苏铭德，计算流体力学基础，清华大学出版社，1997
[33] 孙祥海等，计算流体力学导论，上海交通大学出版社，1987
[34] 山西省万家寨引黄入晋工程详细设计说明书．天津水利水电勘测设计院(1996．9)
[35] 山西省万家寨引黄入晋工程全线自动化系统初步设计报告．天津水利水电勘测设计院(1996．9)
[36] 山西省万家寨引黄工程一期工程简介．山西省万家寨引黄工程总公司(1996)
[37] 冯允成，邹志红等．离散系统仿真．机械工业出版社．1998．12．1 p310-320
[38] 山西省万家寨引黄入晋工程自动化组网需求研究报告，太原理工大
学(1997．12)p9-15
[39] 山西省万家寨引黄入晋工程系统运行研究报告．太原理工大学(1997．12)p8-13
[40] 山西省万家寨引黄工程全系统运行水力瞬变计算报告．中国水利水电科学研究院(1999．9)p4-16，p21-25，p21-25
[41] [加]Chaudhry, M.H., 陈家远、孙诗杰等译．实用水利过渡过程．四川省水力发电工程学会 1985．9 p419-420
[42] Streeter, V.L., Fluid Mechanics, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1966.
[43] Wylie, C.R., Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1967
[44] Steeter, V.L., and Wylie, E.B., Hydraulic Transients, McGraw Hill Book Co., New York, 1967, pp. 22-52
[45] Halliwell, A.R., Velocity of a Waterhammer Wave in an Elastic Pipe, Jour., Hydraulics Div, Amer. Soc. Civil Engrs., Vol.89.No.HY4, July 1963,pp. 1-21
[46] Lister, M., The Numerical Solution of Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations by the Method of Characteristics, chapter in Ref. 1, pp. 165-179.
[47] 吴建华，供水泵站工程计算机实用优化技术，中国商业出版社，1999．2，p68
[48] [美]Scott, D.F., 周少柏等译，Visual Basic for Windows实用编程指南，清华大学出版社，1994．7
[49] [美]Michael Halvorson，张钟军等译，Visual Basic 6学习指南，机械工业出版社，1999．12
[50] 赖纯洁，引黄入晋输水工程全系统运行仿真系统，系统仿真学报，1999．6．v11(3)．p176-180．
[51] 王敏慧，基于C/S模式的Socket网络编程，计算机工程，1999．2
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