半干法烟气脱硫脱硝一体化的实验研究
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摘要
烟气脱硫脱硝一体化技术适合我国国情，具有良好的应用前景。
本文以尿素为吸收剂，在喷动床试验装置中进行半干式烟气脱硫研究，考察了CO(NH2)2／SO2摩尔比、绝热饱和温差、进口烟气温度、进口SO2浓度等因素对脱硫效率的影响。同时以尿素为吸收剂，在此装置中进行了半干式烟气同时脱硫脱硝试验研究，考察了该方法的可行性及尿素与污染物摩尔比、绝热饱和温差、进口烟气温度、进口污染物浓度等主要操作条件对于脱硫效率和脱硝效率的影响。结果表明：该法比用消石灰浆液在喷动床中进行脱硫的效率低，但是用尿素溶液可以同时脱除烟气中的NOX。在适当的操作条件下可获得85%以上的脱硫效率和70%以上的脱硝效率，可以满足工业规模应用的要求。同时，尿素与污染物摩尔比大于1.2后，污染物脱除效率反而明显降低，与其他半干式工艺差异显著；而其它操作条件对污染物脱除效率的影响规律与其它半干式工艺基本吻合。通过线性回归，得出了脱硫效率和脱硝效率和与上述因素之间的关联式，计算值与实验值吻合较好。
Simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification technology is applicable in our nationalconditions and has good application prospect.
Semi-dry technique flue gas desulfurization was studied in spouted bed testing apparatus byusing urea as absorbent. The effects of many key operating parameters on the removal efficiencyof SO2 were investigated，such as molar ratio of urea and SO2、inlet temperature of flue gas、static bed height、approach to adiabatic saturation temperature、inlet concentration of SO2 etc.Synchronously semi-dry flue gas simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification was studied forits feasibility in the same testing apparatus by using the same absorbent. The effects of keyoperating parameters such as molar ratio of urea and air pollutant、approach to adiabaticsaturation temperature、inlet temperature of flue gas and inlet concentration of air pollution onthe removal efficiency of SO2 and NOX were investigated. The results show that thedesulfurization efficiency by using Ca(OH)2 serosity is higher than that by using urea solution，but by using urea solution as absorbent can also remove NOX from the flue gas. In the propercondition the removal efficiency of SO2 and NOX are above 85% and 75% respectly，which cansatisfy most requirements of industrial scale applications. Different from other semi-dryprocesses，the removal efficiency of gaseous contaminants drop rapidly while molar ratio of ureaand air pollutant is greater than 1.2. The influences of other factors of desulfurization anddenitrification efficiency coincid with that of other semi-dry technologies.On the basis of thesefactors，two empirical equations for the desulfurization and denitrification were established. Thevalues calculated from the empirical equation agreed well with the experimental values. Itprovides some theoretical information for the optimal design of the engineering.
本文以尿素为吸收剂，在喷动床试验装置中进行半干式烟气脱硫研究，考察了CO(NH2)2／SO2摩尔比、绝热饱和温差、进口烟气温度、进口SO2浓度等因素对脱硫效率的影响。同时以尿素为吸收剂，在此装置中进行了半干式烟气同时脱硫脱硝试验研究，考察了该方法的可行性及尿素与污染物摩尔比、绝热饱和温差、进口烟气温度、进口污染物浓度等主要操作条件对于脱硫效率和脱硝效率的影响。结果表明：该法比用消石灰浆液在喷动床中进行脱硫的效率低，但是用尿素溶液可以同时脱除烟气中的NOX。在适当的操作条件下可获得85%以上的脱硫效率和70%以上的脱硝效率，可以满足工业规模应用的要求。同时，尿素与污染物摩尔比大于1.2后，污染物脱除效率反而明显降低，与其他半干式工艺差异显著；而其它操作条件对污染物脱除效率的影响规律与其它半干式工艺基本吻合。通过线性回归，得出了脱硫效率和脱硝效率和与上述因素之间的关联式，计算值与实验值吻合较好。
Simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification technology is applicable in our nationalconditions and has good application prospect.
Semi-dry technique flue gas desulfurization was studied in spouted bed testing apparatus byusing urea as absorbent. The effects of many key operating parameters on the removal efficiencyof SO2 were investigated，such as molar ratio of urea and SO2、inlet temperature of flue gas、static bed height、approach to adiabatic saturation temperature、inlet concentration of SO2 etc.Synchronously semi-dry flue gas simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification was studied forits feasibility in the same testing apparatus by using the same absorbent. The effects of keyoperating parameters such as molar ratio of urea and air pollutant、approach to adiabaticsaturation temperature、inlet temperature of flue gas and inlet concentration of air pollution onthe removal efficiency of SO2 and NOX were investigated. The results show that thedesulfurization efficiency by using Ca(OH)2 serosity is higher than that by using urea solution，but by using urea solution as absorbent can also remove NOX from the flue gas. In the propercondition the removal efficiency of SO2 and NOX are above 85% and 75% respectly，which cansatisfy most requirements of industrial scale applications. Different from other semi-dryprocesses，the removal efficiency of gaseous contaminants drop rapidly while molar ratio of ureaand air pollutant is greater than 1.2. The influences of other factors of desulfurization anddenitrification efficiency coincid with that of other semi-dry technologies.On the basis of thesefactors，two empirical equations for the desulfurization and denitrification were established. Thevalues calculated from the empirical equation agreed well with the experimental values. Itprovides some theoretical information for the optimal design of the engineering.
引文
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[2]新井纪男编．燃烧生成物的发生与抑制技术[M]．科学出版社．2001
[3] Wayne R．P．，Chemistry of Atmosphere[M]．Oxford Science Publication．1991，2：246~250．
[4] Fuchs P．Removal of NOX and SO2 by the EB process[J]．Radiat. Phys.Chem.1988，3：45~56
[5] Namba H，Tokunaga O，Hashimoto S．Pilot-scale test for EB purification of flue gas formcoal-combustion boiler[J]．Radiat. Phys.Chem.1995，46：1103~1106．
[6] Zhou Q．Plasma assisted NOX reduction[J]．Chem. Phys. Process．Combustion．1993，21：451~465
[7]王银生等．脉冲电晕等离子体脱硫脱氮除尘技术[J]．上海环境科学．2000，1：17~19
[8] Dinell G．et al．Pulse power electrostatic technologies for control of flue gas emissions[J]．JElectrostatics．1990，25（1）：23~40
[9] Ruinian Li，Xin Liu．Main fundamental gas reactions in denitrification and desulfurization form flue gasby non-thermal plasmas[J]．Chemical Engineering Science．2000，55：2491~2506
[10]邰德荣，韩宾兵．电子束烟气脱硫技术工业示范工程进展环境科学进展[J]．1999，2：125~135
[11]廖敏夫，蒲路，李劲．脉冲电晕脱硫技术中的氨泄漏问题研究[J]．环境科学与技术．1999，2：16~19
[12]陶宝库等．固体吸附/再生法同时脱硫脱硝的技术[J]．辽宁城乡环境科技，1998(6)
[13]范浩杰等．活性炭纤维脱硫、脱硝的研究进展[J]．动力工程，2005，10(5)：724~727
[14]马双忱等．活性炭床加微波辐射脱硫脱硝的研究[J]．热能动力工程，2006，7(4)：338~341
[15]赵清森，向军等．CuO/γ-Al2O3联合脱硫脱硝技术研究进展[J]．电力环境保护，2002，6：16~22
[16]赵毅，马双忱等．利用粉煤灰吸收剂对烟气脱硫脱氮的实验研究[J]．中国电机工程学报，2002，3：108~112
[17]赵毅，马双忱等．高活性吸收剂脱硫和脱氮实验及机理研究[J]．中国电机工程学报，2003，10：236~240
[18]赵毅，孙小军，许佩瑶等．烟气同时脱硫脱氮的高活性吸收剂的表征及脱除机理研究[J]．中国科学技术科学，2006，36：326~340
[19] Sada E，Kumazawa H，Hayakawa N．Absorption of NO in aqueous solutions of KMnO4[J]．Chem EngSci，1977，32：1171~1175
[20] Chu H，LiSY，Chien T W．The absorption kinetics of NO from flue gas in a stirred tank reactor withKMnO4/NaOH solutions[J]．Environ Sci Health，1998，33：801~827
[21] Chu H，Chien TW，LiSY．Simultaneous absorption of SO2 and NO from flue gas with KMnO4/NaOHsolutions[J]．Sci Total Environ，2001，275：127~135
[22] Kaczur J．Oxidation chemistry of chloric acid in NOX /SO2 and air toxic metal removal form gasstreams[J]．Environ Progress，1996，15(4)：245~253
[23]郑福玲，马双忱，赵毅．一种新式联合脱硫脱氮技术的研究[J]．电力情报，1998，(4)：48~50
[24] Yeh J T．Integrated testing of the NOXSO process simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOX form fluegas[J]．Chem Eng Comm，1992，114：65~88
[25]沈迪新．黄磷乳浊液和碱控制烟道气中NOX和SO2[J]．中国环境科学，1992，12(3)：193~198
[26] Chang S G，Lee G C．LBLＰＨOSNOX process for combined removal of SO2 and NO from fluegas[J]．Environ Progress，1992，11(1)：66~73
[27]赵由才，徐迪民，陈绍伟．钼硅酸化学吸收同时去除气流中的SO2和NOX[J]．同济大学学报，1995，23(4)：403~405
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