电子束脱硫关键技术与工艺研究
|
摘要
论文针对电子束脱硫工艺技术中的电子束输运、反应器、副产物收集、工艺等关键技术问题进行了理论分析和试验研究。基于蒙特卡罗方法应用软件EGS4的模拟计算研究，获得了电子束脱硫技术工业应用中的电子束能量输运效率的一般规律和反应器的设计方法。通过理论分析和试验，获得了收集电子束脱硫副产物电收集器的工艺方案，并得到了工业中试规模设备的试验验证。建立的电子束脱硫工业中试装置性能良好，并得到了影响二氧化硫和氮氧化物脱除效率的烟气温度、电子束投加剂量等主要影响因素的规律。在总结前人工作的基础上，论文还对电子束脱硫的基本物理和化学原理、工艺及设备技术等进行了总结分析。
The dissertation is based on some theoretical researches and experimental investigations of electron beam process on flue gas desulphurization and denitration, of which electron beam transport, radiation chamber, by-product collection and process technology are included. On the scale of industrial application, the electron beam transport efficiency and radiation chamber design method has been figured out mainly based on the simulation of EGS4 software of Monte Carlo method. On the basis of theoretical analysis, an electrostatic precipitator technology for collecting by-products has been developed and verified by the investigation on three pilot scale collectors. The investigations show that the erected pilot plant is of better property. Based on the pilot plant investigation, some main elements influencing the removal of SO2 NOx, such as flue gas temperature, electron beam dose etc. have been investigated, and their working patterns have also been made certain of. The basic physical and chemical principle, t
echnology and equipment of electron beam process has also been reviewed and summarized in the dissertation.
The dissertation is based on some theoretical researches and experimental investigations of electron beam process on flue gas desulphurization and denitration, of which electron beam transport, radiation chamber, by-product collection and process technology are included. On the scale of industrial application, the electron beam transport efficiency and radiation chamber design method has been figured out mainly based on the simulation of EGS4 software of Monte Carlo method. On the basis of theoretical analysis, an electrostatic precipitator technology for collecting by-products has been developed and verified by the investigation on three pilot scale collectors. The investigations show that the erected pilot plant is of better property. Based on the pilot plant investigation, some main elements influencing the removal of SO2 NOx, such as flue gas temperature, electron beam dose etc. have been investigated, and their working patterns have also been made certain of. The basic physical and chemical principle, t
echnology and equipment of electron beam process has also been reviewed and summarized in the dissertation.
引文
[1] 国家环境保护总局．中国环境状况公报．1991～2002
[2] 国家环境保护总局．全国环境统计公报．1994～2002
[3] 国家环保总局《新闻通稿35号》．“两控区”污染防治“十五”计划中期评估结果显示“两控区”污染防治形势严峻．2004．4．22．http://wwwzhb. gov. cn
[4] 刘炳江等．中国环境科学，1998(1)；18
[5] 刘孜．关于我国NOx污染指标及控制措施等有关问题的探讨，99北京城市大气污染防治学术研讨会论文选集
[6] 郝吉明，田贺忠．中国氮氧化物排放现状、趋势及控制对策建议，全国氮氧化物污染控制研讨会论文集，北京，2003．12，国家环境保护总局污染控制司
[7] 陈之尧．华阳电业有限公司漳州后石电厂烟气脱硝技术的应用，全国氮氧化物污染控制研讨会论文集，北京，2003．12，国家环境保护总局污染控制司
[8] 郝吉明，马广大．大气污染控制工程．北京：高等教育出版社，1988
[9] 郭东明．硫氮污染防治工程技术及应用．北京：化学工业出版社，2001
[10] 肖文德，吴志泉．二氧化硫脱除与回收．北京：化学工业出版社，2001
[11] 雷仲存．工业脱硫技术．北京：化学工业出版社，2001
[12] 管菊根．国外火电厂SO排放标准及其对治理的促进．电力环境保护，1999；15(1)：54-63
[13] 王小明，薛建明．国外烟气脱硫技术的发展与现状．电力环境保护，2000；16(1)：31-34
[14] 郝吉明．燃煤SO_2污染控制技术现状．电除尘及气体净化，1999；5(2)：24-26
[15] 冯玲等．烟气脱硫技术的发展及应用现状．环境工程，1997；(2)：19-24
[16] 葛春定编译．德国烟气脱硫技术现状．华东电力，2000；(1)：49-51
[17] Joseph H. Oxley, et al. Solutions to industial SO_2 and NOx emission control problems. Energy Engineering, 1991; 88(6):55-59
[18] 张齐，杨萍．国外大气污染物SO_2和NOx治理．大气环境，1989；4(6)：1-35
[19] 张基伟．国外燃煤电厂烟气脱硫技术综述．中国电力，1999；32(7)：61-64
[20] 管一明，李仁钢．湿式石灰石烟气脱硫工艺的现状与发展．电力环境保护，1999；15(6)：53-58
[21] Pan. Y. S. Recent Advances in Flue Gas Desulfurization Technologies. DOE/PETC/TR-914, 1991
[22] Gramelt S．石灰石—石膏法烟气脱硫．二氧化硫污染控制对策与治理技术，1996；98-110
[23] Takeshita M, et. al. FGD Performance and Experimence on Coal-fired Plants. London: IEA Coal Research,, 1993; 35-58
[24] Marten J., The Status of Flue Gas Desulfurization Applicaton in the United States, A Technological Assessment, J. Air Pol. Cont. Assoc. 1977; 27-948
[25] Jiang M．X，Majdeski．先进的燃煤烟气净化技术的基础与应用．二氧化硫污染控制对策与治理技
术．1996；153-168
[26] 淳于菱，陈继录．几种先进烟气脱硫技术综合性能评价及在我国应用前景分析．电力环境保护，2000；16(1)：18-22
[27] Demonstration of Innovative Applications of Technology for CT-121 FGD Process, A DOE Assessment, Sep. 2002. DOE/NETL-2002/1177
[28] Advanced Flue Gas Desulfurization(AFGD)Demonstration Project: A DOE Assessment, Aug. 2001, DOE/NETL-2001/1158
[29] Electric Utility Engineer's FGD Manual, Volume I-FGD Process Design, DE-FG22-95PC94256-99.
[30] Sauer H, et. al., Operating experience with a dry FGD plant using a CFB at the brown coal fired power station in broken. Federal Republic of Germany, Lurgi Gmbh, 1989
[31] Sauer H, et. al. Dry Removal of Gaseous Pollutants from Flue Gases with the Circulating Fluid Bed Scrubber. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., ImechE Conf.. 1994;(7):69-78
[32] LIFAC Sorbent Injection Desulfurizaton Demonstration Project: A DOE Assessment, Jan. 2001, DOE/NETL-2001/1141
[33] MarikaRyypo，Ilari Ekman．一项高性价比的烟气脱硫技术．电力环境保护，2001；17(2)：8-10
[34] Tokerud A．ABB Flakt-Htdro海水脱硫工艺．二氧化硫污染控制对策与治理技术，1996；71-72
[35] Bath R. Technical and environmental implications of desulpurisation by seawater washing[A]: Inter. ChemE Symposiums, Series, No. 123. 1998
[36] Eschellman, G., U. S. Patent 900,500. 1909
[37] 李玉江，吴涛．德国燃煤电厂氮氧化物的控制技术．环境科学研究，2000；13(4)：47-49
[38] 王俊杰，邱广明．燃煤电厂的脱硝研究．内蒙古石油化工，2000；(25)：55-58
[39] 黄少鹗．美国治理燃煤电厂氮氧化物排放的技术措施．电力环境保护，1999；15(4)：34-37
[40] Bosch H, Janssen F. Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides, A Review in the Fundamentals and Technology. Catal. Today, 1988; 2:369-532
[41] 沈学静，王海舟．固定源NOx的排放控制及DeNOx催化剂的应用．钢铁，2000；35(9)：68-72
[42] Iwamoto M, Hamada H. Ramoval of Nitrogen Monoxide from Exhaust Gases through Novel Catalytic Processes. Catal. Today, 1991; 10: 57-71
[43] 严艳丽，魏玺群．NOx的脱除及回收技术．低温与特气，2000；18(4)：24-30
[44] SCR Committee, Institute of Clean Air Companies, INC.. Selective Catalyic Reduction(SCR)Control of NOx Emissions. 1997. 11
[45] SNCR Committee, Institute of Clean Air Companies, INC.. Selective Non-Catalyic Reduction(SNCR) For Controling NOx Emissions. 1997. 10
[46] Frey, H. C., Engineering-Economic Evaluation of SCR NOx Control Systems for Coal-Fired Power Plants, Proceedings of the American Power Conference, Vol. 57-Ⅱ, Illinois Institute of Technology,
Chicago, Illinois, April 1995,pp. 1583-1588
[47] D. Foerter, W. Jozewicz, Cost of Selective Catalytic Reduction(SCR)Application for NOx Control on Coal-fired Boilers. EPA Contract No. 68-C99-201, Work Assignment 1-019
[48] 中美低氮氧化物燃烧与二氧化硫控制研讨会资料汇编，中国科学技术部高新技术发展及产业化司等，沈阳，2003．11．4～7．
[49] 全国氮氧化物污染控制研讨会论文集，国家环境保护总局污染控制司，北京，2003．12
[50] 马双枕，赵毅．联合脱除SO_2和NO_x的烟气治理技术．华北电力大学学报，2000；27(3)88-92
[51] 韦章兵，姜旭峰，吴艳丽．燃煤SO2、NOx污染和防治及同时脱硫脱硝技术．洁净煤技术，1997；3(2)：49-51
[52] Environmental White Paper by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, 2001
[53] A DOE Assessment. Integrated Dry NOx/SO2 Emissions Control System. DOE/NETL-2002/1160
[54] Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Program:Program Update 2001, DOE/FE-0444
[55] Jayant R. Kalagnanam, Edward S. Rubin. Development of the Integrated Environmental Control Model: Performance and Cost Models for NOXSO Process, Quarterly Progress Report, Nov. 1995, DE-AC22-92PC91346-12
[56] Commercial Demonstration of the NOXSO SO2/NOx Removal Flue Gas Cleanup System,Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 16, Feb. 1995, DOE/PC/90549-T3
[57] SNOXTM Flue Gas Cleaning Demonstration Project: A DOE Assessment, Jun. 2000, DOE/NETL-2000/1125
[58] SNOX Demonstration Project, Final Report Volume Ⅰ: Public Design, Jul. 1996, DOE/PC/89655-T21
[59] SNOX Demonstration Project, Final Report Volume Ⅱ: Project Performance and Economics, Jul. 1996, DOE/PC/89655-T22
[60] Comprehensive Report to Congress Clean Coal Technology Program, WSA-SNOX Flue Gas Cleaning Demonstration Project, DOE/FE-0151
[61] SOX-NOX-Rox BoxTM Flue Gas Cleanup Demonstration, A DOE Assessment, Dec. 2000, DOE/NETL-2000/1135
[62] Anthony A. Lizzio, Development of Activated Char for Combined SO2/NOx Removal, ICCI Project Number: 96-1/2. 1A-7
[63] Penetrante B. M.,Hsiao M. C.,Merritt,B. T.,et. al. Comparison of Pulsed Corona and Electron Beam Processing of Hazardous Air Pollutants. J. Adv. Oxid. Technol., 1997,2(2):299-305
[64] Mizuno A. et al. NO_x removal process using pulsed discharge plasma. IEEE Tran. Ind. Appl., 1995,31(5):957-963
[65] 吕太等．国内燃煤电厂烟气脱硫现状与展望．东北电力学院学报，2000；20(2)：68-74
[66] 薄以匀．我国烟气脱硫技术的进展．电除尘及气体净化，1999；5(2)：18-22
[67] 沈迪新，陈宏德．我国烟气脱硫技术与应用——引进技术与装置．中国环保产业，1999；15(1)：54-63
[68] 张晔．中国燃煤电厂烟气脱硫技术现状和前景展望．环境保护，1999；(4)：20-23
[69] 郭予超．我国火电厂烟气脱硫现状及展望．华东电力，2001；(9)：1-7
[70] 王小明，彦俭．我国燃煤电厂烟气脱硫示范工程．电力环境保护，2000：16(4)：39-46
[71] 孙华乾．200MW机组简易湿法烟气脱硫系统．电力环境保护，2000；16(3)：8-13
[72] 寥永进，曾庭华．连州电厂石灰石／石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统及其运行．电力环境保护，2001；17(4)：48-50
[73] 曾庭华，寥永进．连州电厂石灰石／石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺流程分析．电力环境保护，2001；17(2)：11-13
[74] 何育东，屈小华．重庆发电厂2×200MW机组湿法烟气脱硫工艺流程分析．电力环境保护，2001；17(4)：9-12
[75] 张可矩．华能珞璜电厂4×360MW机组烟气脱硫工程评述．电力环境保护，2000；16(4)：1-9
[76] 李乐丰．黄岛电厂半干法脱硫示范项目回顾与评价．中国电力，2000；33(8)：58-63
[77] 赵太平．旋转喷雾烟气脱硫工艺在黄岛电厂的应用评价．华北电力技术，2001；(3)：47-48
[78] 谢建军等．循环流化床烟气脱硫研究进展．重庆环境科学，2001；22(1)：27-29
[79] 胡键民，高效经济的烟气循环流化床脱硫技术．第九届全国大气环境学术会议论文集，2002．8：727～732
[80] 周全，马国骏．下关电厂LIFAC脱硫技术．电力环境保护，1995；11(2)：35-44
[81] 姚彤．深圳西部电厂海水烟气脱硫工程及示范作用．电力环境保护，2000；16(1)：1-6
[82] 焦显峰．妈湾发电总厂烟气海水脱硫工艺及运行分析．热力发电，2002；(1)：14-16
[83] IHI．氧化镁法脱硫技术．二氧化硫污染控制对策与治理技术，1996；138-152
[84] 徐息．PAFP烟气脱硫及硫资源综合利用技术．中国电机工程学会火电厂烟气净化分专委会1998年会议文集，1998，55-58
[85] 肖文德，李伟等．火电厂烟气脱硫新方法：NADS氨—肥法．全国城市空气污染预报及污染防治学术会议论文集，2001．8，508～514
[86] 何春红，郑嘉明．活性炭在烟气脱硫中的应用．化学工业与工程，2001；19(1)：96-100
[87] 张力，刘伟．活性炭吸附烟气脱硫的展望．辽宁化工，1996；(5)：16-18
[88] 毛本将．电子束辐照烟气脱硫脱硝技术的历史与现状．电除尘及气体净化，2000；6(3)
[89] 毛本将．电子束辐照烟气脱硫脱硝工业化试验研究．电除尘及气体净化，2000；6(4)：30-34
[90] 邰德荣．电子束烟气脱硫技术工业示范工程进展．环境科学进展，1999；7(2)：125-135
[91] 赵君科，任先文．脉冲电晕等离子体法烟气脱硫脱硝技术进展．四川环境，2000：(4)：6-8
[92] 朱益民．脉冲电晕法脱硫脱硝研究概述，环境科学进展，，1997；5(5)：75-80
[93] A. G. Chmielewski. In:Proceedings of the Symposium on "Radiation Technology for Conservation of
the Environmentet". 3～29, September 1997; IAEA-TECDOC-1023
[94] N. W. Frank. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 1995; 45:989-1002
[95] 毛本将．电子束辐照烟气脱硫脱硝技术的历史与现状．电除尘及气体净化，2000；6(3)
[96] N. W. Frank. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992; 40:267-272
[97] H. R. Paur, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1998; 52:355～359
[98] S. Hashimoto, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000;57:485～488
[99] V. Mucka, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000; 57:489～493
[100] H. Nichipor, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000; 57:519～525
[101] H. Nichipor, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002; 65:423～427
[102] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002; 63:653～655
[103] K. Hirota, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002; 65:415～421
[104] Jo-Chun Kim, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002; 65:429～435
[105] K. Kawamura, et al. Radiation for a Clean Environment. In:Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Use of High-level Radiation in Waste Treatment-Status and Prospects, IAEA-SM-194/707, March, 1975: 197～215
[106] S. Machi, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1977;9:371～388
[107] S. Machi, et al. Research and Development of Electron Beam Treatment of Combustion Flue Gases in Japan, Final Report of a consultants meeting on electron beam processing of combustion flue gases, Karlsruhe, 1986. 10:13～20,IAEA-TECDOC-428
[108] H. Namba, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1993; 42:669～672
[109] H. Namba, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1998;53:673～681
[110] O. Tokunaga, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1984; 24:145～165
[111] S. Masuda, et al. Basic Research on Electron Beam Desulfurization and Denitration Process, Final Report of Research Project Sponsored by Ministry of Education, 1981
[112] S. Masuda, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1981; 17:223～228
[113] K. Kawamura, et al. In:Conference Proceeding on Industrial Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation Technology, 1981:297～215, IAEA-CN-40/104
[114] K. Kawamura, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1979;13:5～12
[115] K. Kawamura, et al. J. atom. IAEA,Vienna, 1975:447
[116] O. Tokunaga, et al. Int. J. appl. Radiat. Isotopes, 1978;29～87
[117] O. Tokunaga,et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1978; 11: 117～122
[118] N. W. Frank, et al. Ebara Electron Beam Flue Gas Treatment Process, Final Report, DOE AE22-830PC60259
[119] N. W. Frank, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1988; 31:57～82
[120] N. W. Frank, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1985; 25:35～45
[121] N. W. Frank, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1990; 35:416～421
[122] W. Kawakami In:Proceeding of the Workshop on the Utilization of Electron Beams, 1992:95～107, DE94737889
[123] H. Namba, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 46:1103～1106
[124] Tokunaga, O., et al. Electron Beam Treatment of flue gas from a municipal waste incinerator, 1992, IAEA-SM-325/142
[125] Y. Osada, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 45:1021～1027
[126] T. Doi, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1993;42:679～682
[127] K. Hitota, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 46:1089～1092
[128] 国家电力公司，中日合作成都电厂电子束脱硫项目竣工验收鉴定书，1998．6
[129] Y. Doi, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000; 57:495～499
[130] 国华荏原环境工程有限责任公司，杭州脱硫工程简介，2001．11
[131] S. Machi. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1983, 22:91～97
[132] J. R. Bush, et al. Removal of SO2 and NOX from Flue Gas Using Electron Beam Irradiation, In:Reoprt for DOE, 1980, DOE/EV/04902-1
[133] Masuda, et al. "Electrostatic precipitation of Aerosol Particlisinside on Electron B earn Irradiated Field", 64th ANCA Meeting, Portland, Or., June, 1976
[134] D. J. Helfritch, et al. A Pilot Scale Study of Electron Beam Removal of SO2 and NO_x from Flue Gas, Final Report, 1985, DOE/FE/15079-T4
[135] D. J. Helfritch, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1984,;24:129～143
[136] N. W. Frank, et al. Final Report of a consultants meeting on electron beam processing of combustion flue gases, Karlsruhe, 1986. 10:97～118, IAEA-TECDOC-428
[137] K. Kawamura, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1984; 24:117～127
[138] D. J. Helfritch, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1984; 24(1):129～143
[139] Prasha Publication. Coal & Synfuels Technology, 23 December 1991
[140] Chmielewski, A. G.,et al. Radiation Technology for Conservation ofthe Environment, 1998; 113～143, IAEA-TECDOC
[141] N. W. Frank. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 45:1017-1009
[142] S. Jordan, et al. Journal of Aerosol Science, 1986;17:669～675
[143] Jürgen W. Leonhardt. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1986; 28:559～568
[144] S. Jordan, et al. Final Report of a Consultant Meeting on Electron Beam Processing of Combustion Flue Gases, 1986:135～150, 31～41, IAEA-TECDOC-428
[145] S. Jordan, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1988; 31:21～28
[146] S. Witting, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1988; 31:83～93
[147] P. Fuchs, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1988;31:45～56
[148] H. R. Paur, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 46:1123～1127
[149] H. R. Paur, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1998,;52:355～359
[150] W. S. Brzozowski, et al. Final Report of a Consultant Meeting on Electron Beam Processing of Combustion Flue Gases, 1986:31～41, IAEA-TECDOC-428
[151] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992;40:321～325
[152] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002;63:637～639
[153] J. Piekoszewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2001; 62:253～260
[154] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1998;52:339～343
[155] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1993;42:663～668
[156] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiat. phys. Chem. 2000;57:527-530
[157] LI Genli, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992;40:295～300
[158] 张大欣等．电子束半干法烟气净化技术．环境污染治理技术与设备，2001；2(3)
[159] V. Nagibin. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992; 40:307～309
[160] Yu. A. Panin,et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992; 40:311～314
[161] G. R. Gerasimov, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1996; 48:763～769
[162] O. L. Fainchtein, et al. In:Proceedings of the Symposium on "Radiation Technology for Conservation of the Environmentet", September 1997:105～117, IAEA-TECDOC-1023
[163] O. L. Fainchtein, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002:65:405～414
[164] R. Cramariuc, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000; 57:501～505
[165] Poli,D. C. R., et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995;46:1133～1136
[166] C. R. Poli, et al. In:Proceedings of the Symposium on "Radiation Technology for Conservation of the Environmentet", September 1997: 97～103, IAEA-TECDOC-1023
[167] 四川省电力公司．中日合作成都电厂电子束脱硫装置运行情况介绍．2000．9．15
[168] H. R. Paur, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992; 40:273～278
[169] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995;46:1067～1070
[170] Chmielewski, A. G.,et al. Radiation Technology for Conservation of the Environment, 1998:31～41, IAEA-TECDOC. ECDOC-428
[171] Matzing H. Chemical Kinetic Model of SO2/NOX Removal by Electron Beam. Kernforschungszentrum Kallsruhe Gmbh
[172] Evans R.: Atomic Nucleus. New York 1955.
[173] U. Willibald, et al, Radiat. Phys. and Chem., 1990, 35:422～426.
[174] J. Licki, et al, Radiat. phys. Chem. 2002,63:637-639.
[175] A. G. Chmielewski, Electron Beam Gaseous Pollutants Treatment, 1999, Warszawa, ISSN 1425-7351.
[176] 复旦大学等，原子核物理实验方法(上册)，原子能出版社，北京，1985．4
[177] F．H．阿蒂克斯，W．C．罗奇，辐射剂量学，第一卷，基本原理，原子能出版社，北京，1981．9 p209～210
[178] ICRU Report No. 35, Ratiation Dosimetry:Electron Beams with Energies Between 1 and 50 MeV, 1984. 9
[179] 诸圣麟，原子核物理学导论，高等教育出版社，1987；
[180] L. V. Spencer, Theory of Electron Pentration, Phys. Rev. Vol. 15, No. 6, 1955。
[181] 吴季兰，戚生初，辐射化学，原子能出版社，北京，1993．6
[182] 许淑燕 1996，蒙特卡罗方法在实验核物理中的应用，北京，原子能出版社。
[183] Nelson W. R.,Hirayama H., and Rogers D. W. O. 1985, The EGS4 code system, SLAC-Report-265, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
[184] ICRU report 37, Stopping powers for electrons and positrons. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, 7910 Woodmont Ave., Bethesda, MD 20814(1984a)
[185] Koch H. W. and Motz J. W. 1959, Bremsstrahlung cross-section formulas and related data, Rev. Mod. Phys. 31, 920-955.
[186] Seltzer S. M. and Berger M. J. 1985, Bremsstrahlung spectra form electron interactions with screened atomic nuclei and orbital electrons, Nucl. Inst. Meth. Phys. Res. B 12 1295-134.
[187] Seltzer S. M. and Berger M. J. 1986, Bremsstrahlung energy spectra from electrons with kinetic energy from 1 keV to 10 GeV incident on screened nuclei and and orbital electrons of neutral atoms with Z=1-100, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 35,.
[188] Bielajew A. F. and D. W. O. Rogers 1996, Effects of a M~φ ller cross section error in the EGS4 code, Med. Phys.(abstract)23, 1153.
[189] Molière G. Z. 1948, Theorie der Streuung schneller geladener Teilchen. Ⅱ. Mehrfach-und Vielfachstreuung, Z. Naturforsch 3a, 78-97.
[190] Molière G. Z. 1947, Theorie der Streuung schneller geladener Teilchen. Ⅰ. Einzelstreuung am abgeschirmten Coulomb-Field, Z. Naturforsch 2a, 133-145.
[191] Z. Zimek, et al, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992, 40:317～320.
[192] Barson, S. D.,et al, Corrosion Science, 2000, 42:1213～1234.
[193] J. Piekoszewski, et al, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2001, 62:253～260.
[194] K. H. Platzr, et al, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1990, 35:427～431.
[195] Davison W. H. T. J., Oil Colour Chem. Ass., 52, 946, 1969.
[196] Okabe S., et al, J. appl. Phys. Japan, 43,909, 1974.
[197] T. E. Everhart, J. Appl. Phys., 31, 1483, 1960.
[198] G. D. Archard, J. Appl. Phys., 32, 1505, 1961.
[199] T. Tabata, Phys. Rev., 162, 336, 1967.
[200] P. J. Ebert, et al, Phys. Rev., 183, 442, 1969.
[201] T. Tabata et al, Nucl. Instr. and Meth., 127, 429, 1975.
[202] B. N. S. Rao, Nucl. Instr. and Meth., 46, 155, 1966.
[203] I. Sakamoto, et al., Final Report of a consultants meeting on electron beam processing of combustion flue gases, 1986. 10, Karlsruhe, IAEA-TECDOC-428.
[204] S. Jordan, et al, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1990, 35: 409～415.
[205] NCRP Report No. 51, Radiation Protection Design Guidelines for 0. 1-100MeV Particle Accelerator Facilities. 1977. 3
[206] Chmielewski, A. G.,et al. Radiation Technology for Conservation of the Environment, 1998, p. 31～41, IAEA-TECDOC.
[207] 薛建明、纵宁生，电子束脱硫工艺后电除尘器二次电流为零的原因分析，电力环境保护，Vol．14，No．2，1998．6；
[208] 黎在时，静电除尘器，冶金工业出版社，1993．12。
[209] 陶国龙，电除尘器尘粒驱进速度与比电阻定量关系的理论研究与应用，第四届国际电除尘会议论文集《电除尘与静电技术》，万国学术出版社，1991，P140～147；
[2] 国家环境保护总局．全国环境统计公报．1994～2002
[3] 国家环保总局《新闻通稿35号》．“两控区”污染防治“十五”计划中期评估结果显示“两控区”污染防治形势严峻．2004．4．22．http://wwwzhb. gov. cn
[4] 刘炳江等．中国环境科学，1998(1)；18
[5] 刘孜．关于我国NOx污染指标及控制措施等有关问题的探讨，99北京城市大气污染防治学术研讨会论文选集
[6] 郝吉明，田贺忠．中国氮氧化物排放现状、趋势及控制对策建议，全国氮氧化物污染控制研讨会论文集，北京，2003．12，国家环境保护总局污染控制司
[7] 陈之尧．华阳电业有限公司漳州后石电厂烟气脱硝技术的应用，全国氮氧化物污染控制研讨会论文集，北京，2003．12，国家环境保护总局污染控制司
[8] 郝吉明，马广大．大气污染控制工程．北京：高等教育出版社，1988
[9] 郭东明．硫氮污染防治工程技术及应用．北京：化学工业出版社，2001
[10] 肖文德，吴志泉．二氧化硫脱除与回收．北京：化学工业出版社，2001
[11] 雷仲存．工业脱硫技术．北京：化学工业出版社，2001
[12] 管菊根．国外火电厂SO排放标准及其对治理的促进．电力环境保护，1999；15(1)：54-63
[13] 王小明，薛建明．国外烟气脱硫技术的发展与现状．电力环境保护，2000；16(1)：31-34
[14] 郝吉明．燃煤SO_2污染控制技术现状．电除尘及气体净化，1999；5(2)：24-26
[15] 冯玲等．烟气脱硫技术的发展及应用现状．环境工程，1997；(2)：19-24
[16] 葛春定编译．德国烟气脱硫技术现状．华东电力，2000；(1)：49-51
[17] Joseph H. Oxley, et al. Solutions to industial SO_2 and NOx emission control problems. Energy Engineering, 1991; 88(6):55-59
[18] 张齐，杨萍．国外大气污染物SO_2和NOx治理．大气环境，1989；4(6)：1-35
[19] 张基伟．国外燃煤电厂烟气脱硫技术综述．中国电力，1999；32(7)：61-64
[20] 管一明，李仁钢．湿式石灰石烟气脱硫工艺的现状与发展．电力环境保护，1999；15(6)：53-58
[21] Pan. Y. S. Recent Advances in Flue Gas Desulfurization Technologies. DOE/PETC/TR-914, 1991
[22] Gramelt S．石灰石—石膏法烟气脱硫．二氧化硫污染控制对策与治理技术，1996；98-110
[23] Takeshita M, et. al. FGD Performance and Experimence on Coal-fired Plants. London: IEA Coal Research,, 1993; 35-58
[24] Marten J., The Status of Flue Gas Desulfurization Applicaton in the United States, A Technological Assessment, J. Air Pol. Cont. Assoc. 1977; 27-948
[25] Jiang M．X，Majdeski．先进的燃煤烟气净化技术的基础与应用．二氧化硫污染控制对策与治理技
术．1996；153-168
[26] 淳于菱，陈继录．几种先进烟气脱硫技术综合性能评价及在我国应用前景分析．电力环境保护，2000；16(1)：18-22
[27] Demonstration of Innovative Applications of Technology for CT-121 FGD Process, A DOE Assessment, Sep. 2002. DOE/NETL-2002/1177
[28] Advanced Flue Gas Desulfurization(AFGD)Demonstration Project: A DOE Assessment, Aug. 2001, DOE/NETL-2001/1158
[29] Electric Utility Engineer's FGD Manual, Volume I-FGD Process Design, DE-FG22-95PC94256-99.
[30] Sauer H, et. al., Operating experience with a dry FGD plant using a CFB at the brown coal fired power station in broken. Federal Republic of Germany, Lurgi Gmbh, 1989
[31] Sauer H, et. al. Dry Removal of Gaseous Pollutants from Flue Gases with the Circulating Fluid Bed Scrubber. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., ImechE Conf.. 1994;(7):69-78
[32] LIFAC Sorbent Injection Desulfurizaton Demonstration Project: A DOE Assessment, Jan. 2001, DOE/NETL-2001/1141
[33] MarikaRyypo，Ilari Ekman．一项高性价比的烟气脱硫技术．电力环境保护，2001；17(2)：8-10
[34] Tokerud A．ABB Flakt-Htdro海水脱硫工艺．二氧化硫污染控制对策与治理技术，1996；71-72
[35] Bath R. Technical and environmental implications of desulpurisation by seawater washing[A]: Inter. ChemE Symposiums, Series, No. 123. 1998
[36] Eschellman, G., U. S. Patent 900,500. 1909
[37] 李玉江，吴涛．德国燃煤电厂氮氧化物的控制技术．环境科学研究，2000；13(4)：47-49
[38] 王俊杰，邱广明．燃煤电厂的脱硝研究．内蒙古石油化工，2000；(25)：55-58
[39] 黄少鹗．美国治理燃煤电厂氮氧化物排放的技术措施．电力环境保护，1999；15(4)：34-37
[40] Bosch H, Janssen F. Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides, A Review in the Fundamentals and Technology. Catal. Today, 1988; 2:369-532
[41] 沈学静，王海舟．固定源NOx的排放控制及DeNOx催化剂的应用．钢铁，2000；35(9)：68-72
[42] Iwamoto M, Hamada H. Ramoval of Nitrogen Monoxide from Exhaust Gases through Novel Catalytic Processes. Catal. Today, 1991; 10: 57-71
[43] 严艳丽，魏玺群．NOx的脱除及回收技术．低温与特气，2000；18(4)：24-30
[44] SCR Committee, Institute of Clean Air Companies, INC.. Selective Catalyic Reduction(SCR)Control of NOx Emissions. 1997. 11
[45] SNCR Committee, Institute of Clean Air Companies, INC.. Selective Non-Catalyic Reduction(SNCR) For Controling NOx Emissions. 1997. 10
[46] Frey, H. C., Engineering-Economic Evaluation of SCR NOx Control Systems for Coal-Fired Power Plants, Proceedings of the American Power Conference, Vol. 57-Ⅱ, Illinois Institute of Technology,
Chicago, Illinois, April 1995,pp. 1583-1588
[47] D. Foerter, W. Jozewicz, Cost of Selective Catalytic Reduction(SCR)Application for NOx Control on Coal-fired Boilers. EPA Contract No. 68-C99-201, Work Assignment 1-019
[48] 中美低氮氧化物燃烧与二氧化硫控制研讨会资料汇编，中国科学技术部高新技术发展及产业化司等，沈阳，2003．11．4～7．
[49] 全国氮氧化物污染控制研讨会论文集，国家环境保护总局污染控制司，北京，2003．12
[50] 马双枕，赵毅．联合脱除SO_2和NO_x的烟气治理技术．华北电力大学学报，2000；27(3)88-92
[51] 韦章兵，姜旭峰，吴艳丽．燃煤SO2、NOx污染和防治及同时脱硫脱硝技术．洁净煤技术，1997；3(2)：49-51
[52] Environmental White Paper by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, 2001
[53] A DOE Assessment. Integrated Dry NOx/SO2 Emissions Control System. DOE/NETL-2002/1160
[54] Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Program:Program Update 2001, DOE/FE-0444
[55] Jayant R. Kalagnanam, Edward S. Rubin. Development of the Integrated Environmental Control Model: Performance and Cost Models for NOXSO Process, Quarterly Progress Report, Nov. 1995, DE-AC22-92PC91346-12
[56] Commercial Demonstration of the NOXSO SO2/NOx Removal Flue Gas Cleanup System,Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 16, Feb. 1995, DOE/PC/90549-T3
[57] SNOXTM Flue Gas Cleaning Demonstration Project: A DOE Assessment, Jun. 2000, DOE/NETL-2000/1125
[58] SNOX Demonstration Project, Final Report Volume Ⅰ: Public Design, Jul. 1996, DOE/PC/89655-T21
[59] SNOX Demonstration Project, Final Report Volume Ⅱ: Project Performance and Economics, Jul. 1996, DOE/PC/89655-T22
[60] Comprehensive Report to Congress Clean Coal Technology Program, WSA-SNOX Flue Gas Cleaning Demonstration Project, DOE/FE-0151
[61] SOX-NOX-Rox BoxTM Flue Gas Cleanup Demonstration, A DOE Assessment, Dec. 2000, DOE/NETL-2000/1135
[62] Anthony A. Lizzio, Development of Activated Char for Combined SO2/NOx Removal, ICCI Project Number: 96-1/2. 1A-7
[63] Penetrante B. M.,Hsiao M. C.,Merritt,B. T.,et. al. Comparison of Pulsed Corona and Electron Beam Processing of Hazardous Air Pollutants. J. Adv. Oxid. Technol., 1997,2(2):299-305
[64] Mizuno A. et al. NO_x removal process using pulsed discharge plasma. IEEE Tran. Ind. Appl., 1995,31(5):957-963
[65] 吕太等．国内燃煤电厂烟气脱硫现状与展望．东北电力学院学报，2000；20(2)：68-74
[66] 薄以匀．我国烟气脱硫技术的进展．电除尘及气体净化，1999；5(2)：18-22
[67] 沈迪新，陈宏德．我国烟气脱硫技术与应用——引进技术与装置．中国环保产业，1999；15(1)：54-63
[68] 张晔．中国燃煤电厂烟气脱硫技术现状和前景展望．环境保护，1999；(4)：20-23
[69] 郭予超．我国火电厂烟气脱硫现状及展望．华东电力，2001；(9)：1-7
[70] 王小明，彦俭．我国燃煤电厂烟气脱硫示范工程．电力环境保护，2000：16(4)：39-46
[71] 孙华乾．200MW机组简易湿法烟气脱硫系统．电力环境保护，2000；16(3)：8-13
[72] 寥永进，曾庭华．连州电厂石灰石／石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统及其运行．电力环境保护，2001；17(4)：48-50
[73] 曾庭华，寥永进．连州电厂石灰石／石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺流程分析．电力环境保护，2001；17(2)：11-13
[74] 何育东，屈小华．重庆发电厂2×200MW机组湿法烟气脱硫工艺流程分析．电力环境保护，2001；17(4)：9-12
[75] 张可矩．华能珞璜电厂4×360MW机组烟气脱硫工程评述．电力环境保护，2000；16(4)：1-9
[76] 李乐丰．黄岛电厂半干法脱硫示范项目回顾与评价．中国电力，2000；33(8)：58-63
[77] 赵太平．旋转喷雾烟气脱硫工艺在黄岛电厂的应用评价．华北电力技术，2001；(3)：47-48
[78] 谢建军等．循环流化床烟气脱硫研究进展．重庆环境科学，2001；22(1)：27-29
[79] 胡键民，高效经济的烟气循环流化床脱硫技术．第九届全国大气环境学术会议论文集，2002．8：727～732
[80] 周全，马国骏．下关电厂LIFAC脱硫技术．电力环境保护，1995；11(2)：35-44
[81] 姚彤．深圳西部电厂海水烟气脱硫工程及示范作用．电力环境保护，2000；16(1)：1-6
[82] 焦显峰．妈湾发电总厂烟气海水脱硫工艺及运行分析．热力发电，2002；(1)：14-16
[83] IHI．氧化镁法脱硫技术．二氧化硫污染控制对策与治理技术，1996；138-152
[84] 徐息．PAFP烟气脱硫及硫资源综合利用技术．中国电机工程学会火电厂烟气净化分专委会1998年会议文集，1998，55-58
[85] 肖文德，李伟等．火电厂烟气脱硫新方法：NADS氨—肥法．全国城市空气污染预报及污染防治学术会议论文集，2001．8，508～514
[86] 何春红，郑嘉明．活性炭在烟气脱硫中的应用．化学工业与工程，2001；19(1)：96-100
[87] 张力，刘伟．活性炭吸附烟气脱硫的展望．辽宁化工，1996；(5)：16-18
[88] 毛本将．电子束辐照烟气脱硫脱硝技术的历史与现状．电除尘及气体净化，2000；6(3)
[89] 毛本将．电子束辐照烟气脱硫脱硝工业化试验研究．电除尘及气体净化，2000；6(4)：30-34
[90] 邰德荣．电子束烟气脱硫技术工业示范工程进展．环境科学进展，1999；7(2)：125-135
[91] 赵君科，任先文．脉冲电晕等离子体法烟气脱硫脱硝技术进展．四川环境，2000：(4)：6-8
[92] 朱益民．脉冲电晕法脱硫脱硝研究概述，环境科学进展，，1997；5(5)：75-80
[93] A. G. Chmielewski. In:Proceedings of the Symposium on "Radiation Technology for Conservation of
the Environmentet". 3～29, September 1997; IAEA-TECDOC-1023
[94] N. W. Frank. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 1995; 45:989-1002
[95] 毛本将．电子束辐照烟气脱硫脱硝技术的历史与现状．电除尘及气体净化，2000；6(3)
[96] N. W. Frank. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992; 40:267-272
[97] H. R. Paur, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1998; 52:355～359
[98] S. Hashimoto, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000;57:485～488
[99] V. Mucka, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000; 57:489～493
[100] H. Nichipor, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000; 57:519～525
[101] H. Nichipor, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002; 65:423～427
[102] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002; 63:653～655
[103] K. Hirota, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002; 65:415～421
[104] Jo-Chun Kim, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002; 65:429～435
[105] K. Kawamura, et al. Radiation for a Clean Environment. In:Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Use of High-level Radiation in Waste Treatment-Status and Prospects, IAEA-SM-194/707, March, 1975: 197～215
[106] S. Machi, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1977;9:371～388
[107] S. Machi, et al. Research and Development of Electron Beam Treatment of Combustion Flue Gases in Japan, Final Report of a consultants meeting on electron beam processing of combustion flue gases, Karlsruhe, 1986. 10:13～20,IAEA-TECDOC-428
[108] H. Namba, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1993; 42:669～672
[109] H. Namba, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1998;53:673～681
[110] O. Tokunaga, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1984; 24:145～165
[111] S. Masuda, et al. Basic Research on Electron Beam Desulfurization and Denitration Process, Final Report of Research Project Sponsored by Ministry of Education, 1981
[112] S. Masuda, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1981; 17:223～228
[113] K. Kawamura, et al. In:Conference Proceeding on Industrial Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation Technology, 1981:297～215, IAEA-CN-40/104
[114] K. Kawamura, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1979;13:5～12
[115] K. Kawamura, et al. J. atom. IAEA,Vienna, 1975:447
[116] O. Tokunaga, et al. Int. J. appl. Radiat. Isotopes, 1978;29～87
[117] O. Tokunaga,et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1978; 11: 117～122
[118] N. W. Frank, et al. Ebara Electron Beam Flue Gas Treatment Process, Final Report, DOE AE22-830PC60259
[119] N. W. Frank, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1988; 31:57～82
[120] N. W. Frank, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1985; 25:35～45
[121] N. W. Frank, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1990; 35:416～421
[122] W. Kawakami In:Proceeding of the Workshop on the Utilization of Electron Beams, 1992:95～107, DE94737889
[123] H. Namba, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 46:1103～1106
[124] Tokunaga, O., et al. Electron Beam Treatment of flue gas from a municipal waste incinerator, 1992, IAEA-SM-325/142
[125] Y. Osada, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 45:1021～1027
[126] T. Doi, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1993;42:679～682
[127] K. Hitota, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 46:1089～1092
[128] 国家电力公司，中日合作成都电厂电子束脱硫项目竣工验收鉴定书，1998．6
[129] Y. Doi, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000; 57:495～499
[130] 国华荏原环境工程有限责任公司，杭州脱硫工程简介，2001．11
[131] S. Machi. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1983, 22:91～97
[132] J. R. Bush, et al. Removal of SO2 and NOX from Flue Gas Using Electron Beam Irradiation, In:Reoprt for DOE, 1980, DOE/EV/04902-1
[133] Masuda, et al. "Electrostatic precipitation of Aerosol Particlisinside on Electron B earn Irradiated Field", 64th ANCA Meeting, Portland, Or., June, 1976
[134] D. J. Helfritch, et al. A Pilot Scale Study of Electron Beam Removal of SO2 and NO_x from Flue Gas, Final Report, 1985, DOE/FE/15079-T4
[135] D. J. Helfritch, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1984,;24:129～143
[136] N. W. Frank, et al. Final Report of a consultants meeting on electron beam processing of combustion flue gases, Karlsruhe, 1986. 10:97～118, IAEA-TECDOC-428
[137] K. Kawamura, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1984; 24:117～127
[138] D. J. Helfritch, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1984; 24(1):129～143
[139] Prasha Publication. Coal & Synfuels Technology, 23 December 1991
[140] Chmielewski, A. G.,et al. Radiation Technology for Conservation ofthe Environment, 1998; 113～143, IAEA-TECDOC
[141] N. W. Frank. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 45:1017-1009
[142] S. Jordan, et al. Journal of Aerosol Science, 1986;17:669～675
[143] Jürgen W. Leonhardt. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1986; 28:559～568
[144] S. Jordan, et al. Final Report of a Consultant Meeting on Electron Beam Processing of Combustion Flue Gases, 1986:135～150, 31～41, IAEA-TECDOC-428
[145] S. Jordan, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1988; 31:21～28
[146] S. Witting, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1988; 31:83～93
[147] P. Fuchs, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1988;31:45～56
[148] H. R. Paur, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995; 46:1123～1127
[149] H. R. Paur, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1998,;52:355～359
[150] W. S. Brzozowski, et al. Final Report of a Consultant Meeting on Electron Beam Processing of Combustion Flue Gases, 1986:31～41, IAEA-TECDOC-428
[151] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992;40:321～325
[152] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002;63:637～639
[153] J. Piekoszewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2001; 62:253～260
[154] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1998;52:339～343
[155] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1993;42:663～668
[156] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiat. phys. Chem. 2000;57:527-530
[157] LI Genli, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992;40:295～300
[158] 张大欣等．电子束半干法烟气净化技术．环境污染治理技术与设备，2001；2(3)
[159] V. Nagibin. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992; 40:307～309
[160] Yu. A. Panin,et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992; 40:311～314
[161] G. R. Gerasimov, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1996; 48:763～769
[162] O. L. Fainchtein, et al. In:Proceedings of the Symposium on "Radiation Technology for Conservation of the Environmentet", September 1997:105～117, IAEA-TECDOC-1023
[163] O. L. Fainchtein, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002:65:405～414
[164] R. Cramariuc, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2000; 57:501～505
[165] Poli,D. C. R., et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995;46:1133～1136
[166] C. R. Poli, et al. In:Proceedings of the Symposium on "Radiation Technology for Conservation of the Environmentet", September 1997: 97～103, IAEA-TECDOC-1023
[167] 四川省电力公司．中日合作成都电厂电子束脱硫装置运行情况介绍．2000．9．15
[168] H. R. Paur, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992; 40:273～278
[169] A. G. Chmielewski, et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1995;46:1067～1070
[170] Chmielewski, A. G.,et al. Radiation Technology for Conservation of the Environment, 1998:31～41, IAEA-TECDOC. ECDOC-428
[171] Matzing H. Chemical Kinetic Model of SO2/NOX Removal by Electron Beam. Kernforschungszentrum Kallsruhe Gmbh
[172] Evans R.: Atomic Nucleus. New York 1955.
[173] U. Willibald, et al, Radiat. Phys. and Chem., 1990, 35:422～426.
[174] J. Licki, et al, Radiat. phys. Chem. 2002,63:637-639.
[175] A. G. Chmielewski, Electron Beam Gaseous Pollutants Treatment, 1999, Warszawa, ISSN 1425-7351.
[176] 复旦大学等，原子核物理实验方法(上册)，原子能出版社，北京，1985．4
[177] F．H．阿蒂克斯，W．C．罗奇，辐射剂量学，第一卷，基本原理，原子能出版社，北京，1981．9 p209～210
[178] ICRU Report No. 35, Ratiation Dosimetry:Electron Beams with Energies Between 1 and 50 MeV, 1984. 9
[179] 诸圣麟，原子核物理学导论，高等教育出版社，1987；
[180] L. V. Spencer, Theory of Electron Pentration, Phys. Rev. Vol. 15, No. 6, 1955。
[181] 吴季兰，戚生初，辐射化学，原子能出版社，北京，1993．6
[182] 许淑燕 1996，蒙特卡罗方法在实验核物理中的应用，北京，原子能出版社。
[183] Nelson W. R.,Hirayama H., and Rogers D. W. O. 1985, The EGS4 code system, SLAC-Report-265, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
[184] ICRU report 37, Stopping powers for electrons and positrons. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, 7910 Woodmont Ave., Bethesda, MD 20814(1984a)
[185] Koch H. W. and Motz J. W. 1959, Bremsstrahlung cross-section formulas and related data, Rev. Mod. Phys. 31, 920-955.
[186] Seltzer S. M. and Berger M. J. 1985, Bremsstrahlung spectra form electron interactions with screened atomic nuclei and orbital electrons, Nucl. Inst. Meth. Phys. Res. B 12 1295-134.
[187] Seltzer S. M. and Berger M. J. 1986, Bremsstrahlung energy spectra from electrons with kinetic energy from 1 keV to 10 GeV incident on screened nuclei and and orbital electrons of neutral atoms with Z=1-100, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 35,.
[188] Bielajew A. F. and D. W. O. Rogers 1996, Effects of a M~φ ller cross section error in the EGS4 code, Med. Phys.(abstract)23, 1153.
[189] Molière G. Z. 1948, Theorie der Streuung schneller geladener Teilchen. Ⅱ. Mehrfach-und Vielfachstreuung, Z. Naturforsch 3a, 78-97.
[190] Molière G. Z. 1947, Theorie der Streuung schneller geladener Teilchen. Ⅰ. Einzelstreuung am abgeschirmten Coulomb-Field, Z. Naturforsch 2a, 133-145.
[191] Z. Zimek, et al, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1992, 40:317～320.
[192] Barson, S. D.,et al, Corrosion Science, 2000, 42:1213～1234.
[193] J. Piekoszewski, et al, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2001, 62:253～260.
[194] K. H. Platzr, et al, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1990, 35:427～431.
[195] Davison W. H. T. J., Oil Colour Chem. Ass., 52, 946, 1969.
[196] Okabe S., et al, J. appl. Phys. Japan, 43,909, 1974.
[197] T. E. Everhart, J. Appl. Phys., 31, 1483, 1960.
[198] G. D. Archard, J. Appl. Phys., 32, 1505, 1961.
[199] T. Tabata, Phys. Rev., 162, 336, 1967.
[200] P. J. Ebert, et al, Phys. Rev., 183, 442, 1969.
[201] T. Tabata et al, Nucl. Instr. and Meth., 127, 429, 1975.
[202] B. N. S. Rao, Nucl. Instr. and Meth., 46, 155, 1966.
[203] I. Sakamoto, et al., Final Report of a consultants meeting on electron beam processing of combustion flue gases, 1986. 10, Karlsruhe, IAEA-TECDOC-428.
[204] S. Jordan, et al, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1990, 35: 409～415.
[205] NCRP Report No. 51, Radiation Protection Design Guidelines for 0. 1-100MeV Particle Accelerator Facilities. 1977. 3
[206] Chmielewski, A. G.,et al. Radiation Technology for Conservation of the Environment, 1998, p. 31～41, IAEA-TECDOC.
[207] 薛建明、纵宁生，电子束脱硫工艺后电除尘器二次电流为零的原因分析，电力环境保护，Vol．14，No．2，1998．6；
[208] 黎在时，静电除尘器，冶金工业出版社，1993．12。
[209] 陶国龙，电除尘器尘粒驱进速度与比电阻定量关系的理论研究与应用，第四届国际电除尘会议论文集《电除尘与静电技术》，万国学术出版社，1991，P140～147；