可控串补及特高压线路故障与保护的仿真研究
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摘要
随着我国电网建设的全面推进,“西电东送、南北互供、全国联网”的格局正在形成,越来越多的新型输电技术与更高电压等级的输电方式正在我国逐步得到应用。本文主要对新型输电技术——可控串联补偿(TCSC)和更高电压等级的输电方式——特高压交流输电的故障暂态过程和保护进行研究和论述。
可控串联补偿(TCSC)作为柔性交流输电技术(FACTS)中的一项重要内容在电力系统中逐步应用,它可以在很多方面改善电力系统的性能。目前有关可控串补系统继电保护的仿真研究中,主要问题是串补设备的非线性元件、本体保护等元件脱离工程实际,线路保护内部环节常被忽略,不能满足工程实际应用要求。本文在改进TCSC设备仿真模型的同时,以东北伊冯串补工程为原型,按工程实际建立了电网模型(含同杆并架与三回平行线路),模拟了实际可能发生的各种故障形式(包括跨线故障),从而建立了更为完善的可控串补电网故障暂态仿真平台,更深入地分析了继电保护的动作行为,获得了保护可用性等问题的工程结论,提出了该系统串补线路继电保护的运行建议。
为满足长距离、大容量输电和大电网建设的需求,我国正在大力发展特高压(UHV)输电技术。正在兴建的晋东南-南阳-荆门1000kV特高压交流试验示范工程是目前世界上电压等级最高、最具挑战性的电网工程,其安全和保护方面的问题,备受研究者的关注。本文以上述特高压交流输电工程为原型对线路故障暂态过程进行了仿真研究,主要研究了送端等值电源运行方式(参数)、电力设备(高压并联电抗器,低压电抗器,低压电容器)的状态以及故障时刻等因素对故障暂态过程的影响。并提出了特高压线路安全运行的建议。
此外,本文还针对特高压动模试验中输电线路模型采用π型还是用T型链形网络问题进行了研究,通过建立输电线路模型,对π型和T型链形线路的输电线模型的特性差异进行了对比研究,根据研究结论提出了动模试验线路模型形式的建议,为建立特高压线路的物理模型奠定了基础。
论文的最后对全文进行了总结,指出了下一步需要进行的工作。
With the development of huge electric power grid in China, the scale and structure of power grid construction, especially the planning on sending power from west to east, North-South supplementation and nationwide interconnection are coming into being, and more and more new types of transmission technology and modes in the power grid in China are applied. This paper presents the research on the fault and protection of Thysistor Controlled Series Compensators (TCSC) and ultra-high-voltage transmission lines.
Thysistor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) is one of the important members of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS), having a lot of advantages in improving performances of power systems. Now, in the research on the simulation of protection and control schemes of series compensation system, the models of nonlinear component and compensation device protection are ivory-towered, the inner taches of line protective relay are neglected, and the simulation system is different from the engineering practice. This paper improves the TCSC simulation model, takes the YiFeng series compensation project as the prototype , builts the simulation model according with the engineering practice(including Common-Tower Double-Transmission Line and three circuit line), and simulates the actual forms of fault (including inter-line fault). So it establishes the transient simulation platform of the TCSC network,further analyzes the characteristics of the protective relay, gets the engineering results and presents some operation advices.
Nowadays ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission technology has been developing to the demand of long-distance, large-capacity transmission grid and the construction of large power grids in China. Under construction now,the 1000kV UHVAC transmission testing project from Jindongnan to Jingmen via Nanyang is the world's highest voltage grade, the most challenging of network engineering, the safety and protection issues have been receiving researchers' attention. This paper takes this UHVAC transmission testing project as the prototype, studies the line fault transient process, mainly researches on the influence of the sending-end equivalent power source’s Operation Mode (parameters), condition of the electric equipments(high-voltage shunt reactor, low-voltage reactor and low-voltage capacitor) and the fault moment on electromagnetic transient, and presents some operation advices.
In addition, the paper also studies on the problem whether chose using PI-type or T-type network model in transmission line model of UHV dynamic simulation test, establishes simulation model, Compares characteristic differences of PI-type and the T-type circuit transmission line model. According the simulation results, it presents the advice about the form of line’s model in dynamic simulation test, which is helpful for the establishment of the physical network model of UHV.
At last, the paper gives the summaries and points out the further work.
可控串联补偿(TCSC)作为柔性交流输电技术(FACTS)中的一项重要内容在电力系统中逐步应用,它可以在很多方面改善电力系统的性能。目前有关可控串补系统继电保护的仿真研究中,主要问题是串补设备的非线性元件、本体保护等元件脱离工程实际,线路保护内部环节常被忽略,不能满足工程实际应用要求。本文在改进TCSC设备仿真模型的同时,以东北伊冯串补工程为原型,按工程实际建立了电网模型(含同杆并架与三回平行线路),模拟了实际可能发生的各种故障形式(包括跨线故障),从而建立了更为完善的可控串补电网故障暂态仿真平台,更深入地分析了继电保护的动作行为,获得了保护可用性等问题的工程结论,提出了该系统串补线路继电保护的运行建议。
为满足长距离、大容量输电和大电网建设的需求,我国正在大力发展特高压(UHV)输电技术。正在兴建的晋东南-南阳-荆门1000kV特高压交流试验示范工程是目前世界上电压等级最高、最具挑战性的电网工程,其安全和保护方面的问题,备受研究者的关注。本文以上述特高压交流输电工程为原型对线路故障暂态过程进行了仿真研究,主要研究了送端等值电源运行方式(参数)、电力设备(高压并联电抗器,低压电抗器,低压电容器)的状态以及故障时刻等因素对故障暂态过程的影响。并提出了特高压线路安全运行的建议。
此外,本文还针对特高压动模试验中输电线路模型采用π型还是用T型链形网络问题进行了研究,通过建立输电线路模型,对π型和T型链形线路的输电线模型的特性差异进行了对比研究,根据研究结论提出了动模试验线路模型形式的建议,为建立特高压线路的物理模型奠定了基础。
论文的最后对全文进行了总结,指出了下一步需要进行的工作。
With the development of huge electric power grid in China, the scale and structure of power grid construction, especially the planning on sending power from west to east, North-South supplementation and nationwide interconnection are coming into being, and more and more new types of transmission technology and modes in the power grid in China are applied. This paper presents the research on the fault and protection of Thysistor Controlled Series Compensators (TCSC) and ultra-high-voltage transmission lines.
Thysistor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) is one of the important members of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS), having a lot of advantages in improving performances of power systems. Now, in the research on the simulation of protection and control schemes of series compensation system, the models of nonlinear component and compensation device protection are ivory-towered, the inner taches of line protective relay are neglected, and the simulation system is different from the engineering practice. This paper improves the TCSC simulation model, takes the YiFeng series compensation project as the prototype , builts the simulation model according with the engineering practice(including Common-Tower Double-Transmission Line and three circuit line), and simulates the actual forms of fault (including inter-line fault). So it establishes the transient simulation platform of the TCSC network,further analyzes the characteristics of the protective relay, gets the engineering results and presents some operation advices.
Nowadays ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission technology has been developing to the demand of long-distance, large-capacity transmission grid and the construction of large power grids in China. Under construction now,the 1000kV UHVAC transmission testing project from Jindongnan to Jingmen via Nanyang is the world's highest voltage grade, the most challenging of network engineering, the safety and protection issues have been receiving researchers' attention. This paper takes this UHVAC transmission testing project as the prototype, studies the line fault transient process, mainly researches on the influence of the sending-end equivalent power source’s Operation Mode (parameters), condition of the electric equipments(high-voltage shunt reactor, low-voltage reactor and low-voltage capacitor) and the fault moment on electromagnetic transient, and presents some operation advices.
In addition, the paper also studies on the problem whether chose using PI-type or T-type network model in transmission line model of UHV dynamic simulation test, establishes simulation model, Compares characteristic differences of PI-type and the T-type circuit transmission line model. According the simulation results, it presents the advice about the form of line’s model in dynamic simulation test, which is helpful for the establishment of the physical network model of UHV.
At last, the paper gives the summaries and points out the further work.
引文
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[3]李广凯,李庚银.电力系统仿真软件综述.电气电子教学学报, 2005, 27(3):61~65
[4]王为国,尹项根,余江等. FSC对输电线路继电保护影响的综述.电网技术, 1998, 22(11):18~21
[5] G.E.Alexander, S.D.Rowe, J.G.Andrichak, S.B.Wilkinson. Series Compensated Line Protection: Evalution and Solutions.GER-3736
[6]解大,刘晓冬,杨勇等.可控串联补偿装置动态模拟实验研究(下)——潮流控制和电磁暂态过程.电力系统自动化, 1999, 23(5):14~17
[7] R.J.Marttila. Evaluation and Testing of Line Protections for Series-Compensated Transmission Lines. Sixth International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection, 1997, 434:155~158
[8]王为国,尹项根,余江等. FSC对工频故障分量继电保护的影响.电力系统自动化, 1998, 22(12):31~33
[9]喻伟军.串补电容不对称击穿对接地距离的影响.继电器, 1999, 4:25~28
[10]王为国,尹项根,余江等.TCSC动态基频阻抗对故障分量保护的影响.电力系统自动化, 1999,23(17):13~14
[11] Damir Novosel, Arun Phadke, Murari Mohan Saha et al. Problems and Solutions for Microprocessor Protection of Series Compensated Lines. Sixth International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection, 1997, 434: 18~23
[12] Gerald E.lee, Daniel L.Goldsworthy. BPA’s Pacific AC Intertie Series Capacitor: Experience, Equipment and Protection. IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery, 1996, 11(1):253~259
[13] T.S.Sidhu, M.Khederzadeh. Series compensated line protection enhancement by modified pilot relaying schemes. IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery,2006,21(3): 1191~ 1198
[14] Stan Wilkinson. Series Compensated Line Protection Issues. GER-3972
[15]李钢,钱锋,刘平.大房双回500kV线路加串补对距离保护的影响.华北电力技术,2002, 2:6~7
[16]柯宁,苏建设,陈陈等.用可控串补提高暂态稳定性的仿真研究.华东电力, 2004, 32(5):17~20
[17]吴小建,郁帷镛,高翔等.阳城—淮阴500kV串补电容线路对继电保护的影响.华东电力, 1998, 5:12~18
[18] Charies Gagnon, Pierre Gravel. Extensive Evaluation of High Performance Protection Relays for the Hydro-Quebec Series Compensated Network. IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery, 1994, 9(4):1799~1811
[19]郑玉平,朱声石.晋-苏500kV串补线路的继电保护问题.江苏电机工程, 1998, 17(2):17~22
[20]王向平.串联电容补偿线路的继电保护设计研究.电力系统自动化, 1999, 23(13):41~44
[21] P.G.Mclaren SM, R .Kuffel, A.Castro et al. On Site Relay Transient Testing For A Series Compenstion Upgrade. IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery, 1994, 9(3):1308~1315
[22]郭征,贺家李.有串补电容输电线纵联差动保护原理.天津大学学报, 2005, 38(3):195~200
[23]贺家李,郭征.有串补电容输电线分相电流差动保护的新原理.继电器, 2005, 33(1):1~9
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