A~2/O工艺处理系统脱氮除磷优化研究
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摘要
太湖,我国五大淡水湖之一,上海和苏锡常、杭嘉湖地区最重要的水源。太湖水污染严重,有七成的水体已经达到富营养水平,近年来蓝藻也时有爆发,已出现太湖周围部分城市长时间停水的事件发生。氮、磷等植物营养性物质是引起湖泊富营养化的最主要原因。而随着经济的发展、城市化进程的加剧,水消耗量越来越多,而污水处理却严重滞后,很多水厂运行了也难以达标排放。所以提高太湖地区污水厂的处理能力以及达标排放,是关系到人民生活安全的大事,具有重大的意义。
太湖地区无锡市芦村污水处理厂坐落在无锡市西南郊京杭大运河畔,是无锡市污水处理量最大的污水处理厂之一。日处理量为30万吨,分四期建设,每个系列运行中存在不同程度的问题,有待优化改进。本研究在对芦村污水处理厂原水水质、工艺参数、运行状况进行调查的基础上,建立试验室小试模型,模拟芦村污水处理厂的工艺条件,优化水厂A2/O工艺的运行参数,利用小试的试验结果,对实际水厂的运行提出可行性建议。
通过对回流比的调节,发现内、外回流比的变化对A2/O工艺COD的去除影响不大;相同条件下,当内回流比由100%增大到180%的过程中,脱氮效果提高近9%,除磷效果略有下降;外回流比由100%降低到60%的过程中,污泥浓度平均下降300mg/L左右,除磷率提高近5%,脱氮效果略有下降。所以内回流为180%,外回流为60%时脱氮除磷效果最好。在低温条件(8～12℃)时,通过在好氧中段投加填料(体积比为30%),可提高氨氮去除率15%,总氮去除率14%。
溶解氧浓度是A2/O工艺运行控制的最重要参数之一,也是水厂节能的关键。通过对小试装置好氧段分格控氧,综合考查脱氮除磷效果及污泥活性、释磷速率、反硝化速率,提出最优运行方式:保持好氧第1,2,3格溶解氧分别为0～1mg/L、2～3(3.5)mg/L、2～3(3.5)mg/L。
结合小试试验研究成果,调试芦村污水处理厂工艺优化运行,并建立协同生物与化学除磷的全流程多参数综合控制系统。
Tai Lake is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China, is the most important water source of Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou and hangjiahu area. Tai Lake exist serious water pollution, 70% of water in Tai Lake has reached eutrophication. Recently cyanobacteria has outbreaked at times. Water supply failure has emerged in some cities around Tai Lake. Nitrogen and phosphorus are plant nutrition element that cause lake eutrophication. With economic development, increased urbanization and increased water consumption, wastewater treatment has lagged far behind. Sewage treatment plant run hard to meet the discharge standard. Therefore, whether the wastewater treatment plant could operate stable and meet the discharge standard would affect the safety of peoples daily life.
LuCun sewage treatment plant in Tai Lake region is located in the southwest suburb of Wuxi, at the riverside of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is one of the largest sewage treatment plant in Wuxi City with a daily treatment capacity of 300,000 m3. It was constructed from four process. There are different problems in the operation and the processes need to be optimized in urgent. In this study, a lab scale model that simulated the operation condition of LuCun wastewater treatment plant was established and the operation parameters were optimized.
The results indicated that the change of the sludge recycling ratio and the inner recycling ratio has little effect on COD removal. Under the same condition, when inner recycling ratio increased from 100% to 180%, the average removal rate of total nitrogen increased by 9%, the average removal rate of total phosphorus slightly declined. When sludge recycling ratio decreased from 100% to 60%, sludge concentration showed a mean decrease of 300mg/L, the average removal rate of total phosphorus increased by 5%, the average removal rate of total nitrogen slightly declined. Therefore, when inner recycling ratio was 180% and the sludge recycing ratio was 60%, the maximal nitrogen and phosphorus removal achieved. Under low temperature (8～12℃) condition, the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen increased by 15% and the average removal rate of total nitrogen increased by 14% through adding medium in the second aerobic stage with adding volume ratio of 30%.
Dissolved oxygen concentration is one of the most important operation parameters and the key of energy saving. The study was designed to control different dissolved oxygen concentration at different aerobic stage to optimize the performance of the process. The required DO concentration at first, second, third aerobic stage were recommended as 0 to 1 mg/L, 2 to 3mg/L and 2 to 3 mg/L, respectively.
The field optimization was carried on in LuCun wastewater. A multi-parameter integrated control system combined biological phosphorus removal and chemical phosphorus removal was established on site..
太湖地区无锡市芦村污水处理厂坐落在无锡市西南郊京杭大运河畔,是无锡市污水处理量最大的污水处理厂之一。日处理量为30万吨,分四期建设,每个系列运行中存在不同程度的问题,有待优化改进。本研究在对芦村污水处理厂原水水质、工艺参数、运行状况进行调查的基础上,建立试验室小试模型,模拟芦村污水处理厂的工艺条件,优化水厂A2/O工艺的运行参数,利用小试的试验结果,对实际水厂的运行提出可行性建议。
通过对回流比的调节,发现内、外回流比的变化对A2/O工艺COD的去除影响不大;相同条件下,当内回流比由100%增大到180%的过程中,脱氮效果提高近9%,除磷效果略有下降;外回流比由100%降低到60%的过程中,污泥浓度平均下降300mg/L左右,除磷率提高近5%,脱氮效果略有下降。所以内回流为180%,外回流为60%时脱氮除磷效果最好。在低温条件(8～12℃)时,通过在好氧中段投加填料(体积比为30%),可提高氨氮去除率15%,总氮去除率14%。
溶解氧浓度是A2/O工艺运行控制的最重要参数之一,也是水厂节能的关键。通过对小试装置好氧段分格控氧,综合考查脱氮除磷效果及污泥活性、释磷速率、反硝化速率,提出最优运行方式:保持好氧第1,2,3格溶解氧分别为0～1mg/L、2～3(3.5)mg/L、2～3(3.5)mg/L。
结合小试试验研究成果,调试芦村污水处理厂工艺优化运行,并建立协同生物与化学除磷的全流程多参数综合控制系统。
Tai Lake is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China, is the most important water source of Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou and hangjiahu area. Tai Lake exist serious water pollution, 70% of water in Tai Lake has reached eutrophication. Recently cyanobacteria has outbreaked at times. Water supply failure has emerged in some cities around Tai Lake. Nitrogen and phosphorus are plant nutrition element that cause lake eutrophication. With economic development, increased urbanization and increased water consumption, wastewater treatment has lagged far behind. Sewage treatment plant run hard to meet the discharge standard. Therefore, whether the wastewater treatment plant could operate stable and meet the discharge standard would affect the safety of peoples daily life.
LuCun sewage treatment plant in Tai Lake region is located in the southwest suburb of Wuxi, at the riverside of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is one of the largest sewage treatment plant in Wuxi City with a daily treatment capacity of 300,000 m3. It was constructed from four process. There are different problems in the operation and the processes need to be optimized in urgent. In this study, a lab scale model that simulated the operation condition of LuCun wastewater treatment plant was established and the operation parameters were optimized.
The results indicated that the change of the sludge recycling ratio and the inner recycling ratio has little effect on COD removal. Under the same condition, when inner recycling ratio increased from 100% to 180%, the average removal rate of total nitrogen increased by 9%, the average removal rate of total phosphorus slightly declined. When sludge recycling ratio decreased from 100% to 60%, sludge concentration showed a mean decrease of 300mg/L, the average removal rate of total phosphorus increased by 5%, the average removal rate of total nitrogen slightly declined. Therefore, when inner recycling ratio was 180% and the sludge recycing ratio was 60%, the maximal nitrogen and phosphorus removal achieved. Under low temperature (8～12℃) condition, the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen increased by 15% and the average removal rate of total nitrogen increased by 14% through adding medium in the second aerobic stage with adding volume ratio of 30%.
Dissolved oxygen concentration is one of the most important operation parameters and the key of energy saving. The study was designed to control different dissolved oxygen concentration at different aerobic stage to optimize the performance of the process. The required DO concentration at first, second, third aerobic stage were recommended as 0 to 1 mg/L, 2 to 3mg/L and 2 to 3 mg/L, respectively.
The field optimization was carried on in LuCun wastewater. A multi-parameter integrated control system combined biological phosphorus removal and chemical phosphorus removal was established on site..
引文
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2牛建宇.水中氨氮脱除方法研究进展[J].科技情报开发与经济. 2008, 18(25):105~106
3何岩,赵由才,周恭明.高浓度氨氮废水脱氮技术研究进展[J].工业水处理. 2008, 28(1):1~4
4吴剑,齐鄂荣,程晓如等.废水生物脱氮技术的研究发展[J].武汉大学学报(工学版). 2002, 35(1):76~79
5 J. Oh. Oxygen effects on activated sludge denitrification in sequencing batch reactors[J]. Thesis for the doctor degree, the University of Colorado, U·S·A, 1998
6 D.W. Gao, Y.Z. Peng, B.K. Li, et al. Shortcut nitrification– denitrification by real-time control strategies[J]. Bioresource Technology. 2009, 100(7):2298 ~2300
7温小鹏,施昌平,谢雄文.基于厌氧氨氧化和中温亚硝化的可持续生物脱氮工艺[J].环境科学. 2009, 22(1):67~70
8 S.Y. Hyung. Nitrogen removal from synthetic wastewater by simultaneous nitrification and densification(SND)via nitrite in an intermittently awrated reactor[J]. Water Research. 1999, 33(1):145~154
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