重钢棒材轧机用高速钢轧辊的研制及应用
摘要
本文在详细分析了高速钢中各种元素对其组织和性能影响的基础上,针对重钢型钢厂棒材生产线特有的工况条件,设计了成分为2%-2.5%C、9%- 11%W、4.0%-5.0%Mo、4.0%- 7.0%Cr、3.0%-5.0%V、0.8%-3.0%Co、0.3%- 0.8%Ni、0.4%-1.5%Al、0.8%-1.5%Nb、Si<1.5%、Mn<1.2%、S<0.05%和P<0.05%高速钢轧辊材料,具有熔炼简单、铸造性能好、淬透性、淬硬性好和耐磨性好等特点。
本文采用电炉熔炼高速钢轧辊,用RE-K-Na复合变质剂在浇包内用冲入法变质处理,出炉温度控制在1580~1620℃,可以获得满足轧辊生产要求的高质量钢水。对高速钢轧辊离心铸造工艺参数进行了优化,其工艺参数为:铸型预热温度250~320℃,涂料厚度1.2~1.8mm,铸型温度160~220℃,铸型转数850~980r/min,浇注温度1450~1480℃,轧辊离心凝固时间15~20min,可以得到高质量的高速钢轧辊。
采用加快钢水凝固、更改浇注管(由浇口改为浇槽)和改善涂料涂挂工艺等措施,可以消除离心铸造高速钢轧辊中的气孔、缩孔、疏松和夹杂等缺陷。高速钢轧辊在重钢型钢厂棒材线Φ12切分轧制成品轧机上的使用,轧槽磨损均匀,无龟裂,耐磨性好,轧材表面光洁,尺寸精度高,使用寿命比高镍铬无限冷硬铸铁轧辊提高5倍以上,接近硬质合金轧辊,但制造成本比硬质合金轧辊降低70%以上,而且可以彻底杜绝硬质合金轧辊由于韧性低而易爆裂的不足。使用高速钢轧辊,可提高轧机作业率,降低轧材生产成本,具有较好的经济效益。
This paper analysed the influence of the microstructures and property about alloying agent in high speed steels in detail. A type of high speed steel roller was designed , which ingredient includes 2%-2.5%C、9%- 11%W、4.0%-5.0%Mo、4.0%- 7.0%Cr、3.0%-5.0%V、0.8%-3.0%Co、0.3%- 0.8%Ni、0.4%-1.5%Al、0.8%-1.5%Nb、Si<1.5%、Mn<1.2%、S<0.05% and P<0.05%. The roller material have the good characters of simple melting,casting property, hardenability, abradability, and so on.
High speed steel roller smelted by electrical furnace in the article. RE-K-Na compound alterative was used in casting ladle by the way of pitching. When the temperature of dischargement was restrainted from 1580℃to 1620℃, high quality molten steel can be produced that fulfilled the request of roller. A high quality of high speed steel roller was got by optimizing the centrifugal casting parameter of that. These casting parameters includes the preheating temperatures of mouldings (250~320℃) , the thickness of coatings (1.2~1.8mm), the temperatures of mouldings (160~220℃)., the number of moulding’s turns(850~980r/min) , the temperatures of casting (1450~1480℃), the time of centrifugal freezing (15~20min).
The flaw for example the gas porosity, shrinkage porosity, loosen and lard in the centrifugal casting high speed steel roller when the freezing voiety of liquid steel is accelerated, pouring hose is changed and coating bending workcraft is improved. The use of high speed steel roller on roller machine in cuttingΦ12 bar and wair stock in the branch of struction section is good. The wear of rolling ark is uniform. No alligator crack, abradability well, rolled metal’s surface smoothness, precision high. Its’operational span life was improved five times, almost equal to sintered-carbide roller. Thus, the cost of production decrease 70% than that. At the same time, the brust for its’low ductility can be erased thoroughly. The use of high speed steel roller can improve the work effiency, decrease the cost of production, have good economic returns.
本文采用电炉熔炼高速钢轧辊,用RE-K-Na复合变质剂在浇包内用冲入法变质处理,出炉温度控制在1580~1620℃,可以获得满足轧辊生产要求的高质量钢水。对高速钢轧辊离心铸造工艺参数进行了优化,其工艺参数为:铸型预热温度250~320℃,涂料厚度1.2~1.8mm,铸型温度160~220℃,铸型转数850~980r/min,浇注温度1450~1480℃,轧辊离心凝固时间15~20min,可以得到高质量的高速钢轧辊。
采用加快钢水凝固、更改浇注管(由浇口改为浇槽)和改善涂料涂挂工艺等措施,可以消除离心铸造高速钢轧辊中的气孔、缩孔、疏松和夹杂等缺陷。高速钢轧辊在重钢型钢厂棒材线Φ12切分轧制成品轧机上的使用,轧槽磨损均匀,无龟裂,耐磨性好,轧材表面光洁,尺寸精度高,使用寿命比高镍铬无限冷硬铸铁轧辊提高5倍以上,接近硬质合金轧辊,但制造成本比硬质合金轧辊降低70%以上,而且可以彻底杜绝硬质合金轧辊由于韧性低而易爆裂的不足。使用高速钢轧辊,可提高轧机作业率,降低轧材生产成本,具有较好的经济效益。
This paper analysed the influence of the microstructures and property about alloying agent in high speed steels in detail. A type of high speed steel roller was designed , which ingredient includes 2%-2.5%C、9%- 11%W、4.0%-5.0%Mo、4.0%- 7.0%Cr、3.0%-5.0%V、0.8%-3.0%Co、0.3%- 0.8%Ni、0.4%-1.5%Al、0.8%-1.5%Nb、Si<1.5%、Mn<1.2%、S<0.05% and P<0.05%. The roller material have the good characters of simple melting,casting property, hardenability, abradability, and so on.
High speed steel roller smelted by electrical furnace in the article. RE-K-Na compound alterative was used in casting ladle by the way of pitching. When the temperature of dischargement was restrainted from 1580℃to 1620℃, high quality molten steel can be produced that fulfilled the request of roller. A high quality of high speed steel roller was got by optimizing the centrifugal casting parameter of that. These casting parameters includes the preheating temperatures of mouldings (250~320℃) , the thickness of coatings (1.2~1.8mm), the temperatures of mouldings (160~220℃)., the number of moulding’s turns(850~980r/min) , the temperatures of casting (1450~1480℃), the time of centrifugal freezing (15~20min).
The flaw for example the gas porosity, shrinkage porosity, loosen and lard in the centrifugal casting high speed steel roller when the freezing voiety of liquid steel is accelerated, pouring hose is changed and coating bending workcraft is improved. The use of high speed steel roller on roller machine in cuttingΦ12 bar and wair stock in the branch of struction section is good. The wear of rolling ark is uniform. No alligator crack, abradability well, rolled metal’s surface smoothness, precision high. Its’operational span life was improved five times, almost equal to sintered-carbide roller. Thus, the cost of production decrease 70% than that. At the same time, the brust for its’low ductility can be erased thoroughly. The use of high speed steel roller can improve the work effiency, decrease the cost of production, have good economic returns.
引文
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[2] U.Wankhede, I.V.Samarasekera, Thermal behavior of high speed steel work rolls in the finishing stands of a hot strip mill, I&SM, 1997(5):55~60
[3] D.Barzan, The use and performance of high speed steel rolls at Inland’s 80 inch hot strip mill, I&SM, 1996(2):27~29
[4] G.J.McManus, Speedy advance predicted for high speed steel rolls, Iron and steel engineer, 1999(3):59~60
[5] 宫开令,张欣,离心复合高速钢轧辊的生产方法,中国发明专利,CN1179268A,1997.7.24
[6] 陈松,蒋志强,离心铸造高速钢辊环的研究,中国铸造装备与技术,2001(3):16~19
[7] H.Morikawa, A.Okabayasghi, Y.Seto, et al., Abrasion-resistance cast iron material for rolling rolls and composite rolls, European patent, EP0464780, 2 July 1991
[8] 山本宽,今川和则,热轧时防止铁素体不锈钢热粘着的方法,日本公开特许公报,特开平 8-300006,平成 8 年(1996)11 月 19 日
[9] K.Becker, M.Degner, G.Thiemann, Einsatz von HSS-walzen an einer warmbreitbandstrasse, Stahl und Eisen, 1999(8):107~110
[10] 市野键司,片冈义弘,汤田浩二,离心铸造にょゐ热延仕上ミル用高耐磨耗ロ-ルの开发,川崎制铁技报,1996(2):89~94
[11] Y.J.Kang, J.C.Oh, H.C.Lee, et al., effects of carbon and chromium additions on the wear resistance and surface roughness of cast high-speed steel rolls, Metall Mater. Trans., 2001,32A(10):2515~2525
[12] Y.Ikawa, T.Itami, K.Kumagai, et al., Spray deposition method and its application to the production of mill rolls, ISIJ International, 1990,20(9):756~763
[13] 井崎正义,梅田孝一,HIP 复合热间压延ロ—ル,神户制钢技报,1993,43(2):145
[14] 宫坂善和,片冈义弘,汤田浩二,高炭素高速度钢の碳化物形成に及ぼすバナジユアム添加の影响,铸造工学,1997,69(4):201～206
[15] K.C.Hwang, S.Lee, H.C.Lee, Effects of alloying elements on microstructure and fracture properties of cast high speed steel rolls PartⅠ :Microstructural analysis, Mater. Sci. Eng., 1998, 254 A:282~295
[16] 葛辽海,刘海峰,刘耀辉,等,高碳高钒系高速钢耐磨性研究,电子显微学报,2000,19(4):549~550
[17] 石川淳,粟田俊哉,山本宽,等,吴制铁所 No.2 热延仕上压延机へのハィスロ—ル适用による操业改造,日新制钢技报,1996(73):55~62
[18] E.J.Kerr, High speed steel work rolls at Dofasco, I&SM, 2000(1):27~30
[19] G.Walmag, R.J.Skoczynski, J.P.Breyer, Improvement of the work roll performance on the 2050mm hot strip mill at Iscor Vanderbijlpark, La Revue de Metalluige-CIT, 2001(3):295~304
[20] 桥本光生,田中拓,小冢隆之,等,冷轧用 CPC ハィスロ—ルの压延使用评价,CAMP-ISIJ,2000,13(5):1067
[21] 山下荣一,松永荣八郎,森野泰司,等,大形不等边不等厚山形钢用ハィスロ—ルの适用,CAMP-ISIJ,2000,13(5):1068
[22] Б.И. Медовар: Создание Комплекса Электрошлаковой Наплавки Жидким Металлом Рабочих Валков Горячей Прокатки Для Непрерывных Широкополосных Станов, Металлургическая И Горнорудная Промышленность, No.6, 18-21, 1999
[23] B. I. Medovar, L. B. Medovar, A. V. Chernets, V. B. Shabanov, O. V. Sviridov: Electroslag Surfacing by Liquid Metal-a New Way for HSS-Rolls Manufacturing, 38th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference Proceedings, Vol.34, 83-87, 1996
[24] 大城桂作,小野幸德,周宏,宫原弘郁:压延ロ—ル用高炭素ハィス系合金の凝固机构,铁と钢,Vol.81, No.9, 44-49, 1995
[25] 大城桂作:合金白铸铁の凝固,铸物,Vol.66, No.10, 764-771, 1994
[26] 宫开令,董雅军,高春利:高速钢复合轧辊的研制及生产,钢铁,Vol.33, No.3, 67-71, 1998
[27] R. Honeycombe, H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia, in: Eward Arnold (Ed.), Steels-Microstructure and Properties, London, 1995, ch. 5
[28] G. Steven, A. E. Nehrenberg and T. V. Philip: High-Performance High-Speed Steels by Design, Trans ASM, Vol.57, No.64, 925-948, 1964
[29] 肖纪美编著,高速钢金属学问题,北京:机械工业出版社,36,1978
[30] 松原安宏,世粟信也,本田义兴,武宏强,桥本光生:多合金系白铸铁の凝固组织,铸物,Vol.66, No.11, 815-821, 1994
[31] 侯增寿,陶岚琴:实用三元合金相图,上海:上海科学技术出版社,107-112, 1983
[32] 清水欣吾,中村秀树,内田蕙正:高速度工具钢の动向,铁と钢,Vol.68,No.1,34-41,1982
[33] 内田蕙正,清水欣吾,中村秀树:高速度工具钢の诸性质にぉょぼゐ W+2Mo 效果,铁と钢,Vol.64, No.11, S925, 1978
[34] 约.盖勒著,周倜武,丁立铭译:工具钢,北京:国防工业出版社,397-407, 1983
[35] W. Sorby: Hot Work Tool Steels, Alloy Metals Review, Vol.9, No.95, 2-8, 1960
[36] 宫坂善和,江南和幸,平井秀和:高炭素高速度钢の炭化物形成に及ぼす W 添加の影响,材料とプロセス,Vol.6, No.2, 512, 1993
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