工程机械嵌入式故障诊断装置研究
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摘要
工程机械在各类工程建设中有着广泛的应用。工程机械具有功率大、效率高的特点,但工程机械系统非常复杂,涉及的专业知识面广,若出现故障后不能及时找出故障原因,那么维修和维护就会影响工程进度,从而影响工作效率。因此,选择合适、高效的故障诊断方法对提高系统的可靠性和安全性具有重要的意义。
本论文通过对工程机械故障诊断方法和OBD-Ⅱ的研究,确定将OBD-Ⅱ故障诊断方法应用在工程机械上,实现在线实时故障诊断。OBD是英文On-Board Diagnostics的缩写,中文翻译为“车载自动诊断系统”。
论文对工程机械的故障诊断方法进行了详细的描述,研究了OBD-Ⅱ的发展及应用。对OBD-Ⅱ的通讯协议和诊断模式进行了深入的研究,确定了基于CAN总线的诊断通信协议。
论文中采用DSP芯片TMS320F2812为主控芯片构造诊断设备的硬件系统,主要包括电源模块、JTAG模块、CAN通信模块、SCI串口通信模块、键盘输入模块、LCD液晶显示屏显示模块等。硬件原理设计及PCB设计均在Protel DXP 2004硬件环境下设计完成。PCB采用四层电路板,在PCB板布局、布线、电源层分割和地线设置等方面做了详细的介绍。
软件系统按功能分成几个模块:主函数模块、串口通信模块、CAN通信模块、键盘输入模块、故障码处理模块和液晶显示模块。论文中分析了各模块主要函数的设计思路和实现方式。通过主函数对其他子函数的调用实现系统的诊断功能。各函数功能采用C语言编程实现,在CCS3.3软件环境下编写、调试,最后烧写到DSP芯片内。
论文最后总结了已完成的工作,对课题接下来的发展方向和要解决的问题进行了展望,对后续工作进行了分析。
Construction machinery has been widely used in various types of construction projects. Construction machinery has features of great power and high efficiency. But the construction machinery system is very complex, involving extensive professional knowledge,if it is failure to find out the fault origin timely, the repair and maintenance will affect the progress of the project,accordingly affect efficiency. So selecting an appropriate and efficient fault diagnosis method have great significance to improve system reliability and security.
This paper uses the OBD-Ⅱfault diagnosis method in the construction machinery,to achieve real-time fault diagnosis ,by reserching on fault diagnosis of excavator and OBD-Ⅱ. OBD is the English abbreviation of On-Board Diagnostics which is translated for "Car auto diagnostic system "in Chinese.
The paper gaves a detailed description on fault diagnosis method of construction machinery,reserches on the OBD-Ⅱdevelopment and application, determines the diagnosis communication protocol based on CAN bus with depth study on OBD-Ⅱcommunication protocols and diagnostic mode.
The hardware design constructs hardware system of diagnostic equipment based on TMS320F2812 , including power module, JTAG module, CAN communication module, SCI serial communication module, the keyboard module, LCD module display. The principles and PCB design of hardware hardware were accomplished in the hardware environment of Protel DXP 2004. A detailed introduction was done with board layout, routing, spliting power planes and ground settings of four layers PCB (printed circuit board).
Software system are divided into several function modules: the main function module, serial communication module, CAN communication module, keyboard input module, fault code processing module and LCD module. The paper analysises the major functions of each module with design ideas and implementation. The function was realized by programming in C language,which was written,debugged and finally programmed into the DSP chip in CCS3.3.
Finally, the paper summarizes the work done , gives a outlook for future development and unresolved issues,and analyzes the following work.
本论文通过对工程机械故障诊断方法和OBD-Ⅱ的研究,确定将OBD-Ⅱ故障诊断方法应用在工程机械上,实现在线实时故障诊断。OBD是英文On-Board Diagnostics的缩写,中文翻译为“车载自动诊断系统”。
论文对工程机械的故障诊断方法进行了详细的描述,研究了OBD-Ⅱ的发展及应用。对OBD-Ⅱ的通讯协议和诊断模式进行了深入的研究,确定了基于CAN总线的诊断通信协议。
论文中采用DSP芯片TMS320F2812为主控芯片构造诊断设备的硬件系统,主要包括电源模块、JTAG模块、CAN通信模块、SCI串口通信模块、键盘输入模块、LCD液晶显示屏显示模块等。硬件原理设计及PCB设计均在Protel DXP 2004硬件环境下设计完成。PCB采用四层电路板,在PCB板布局、布线、电源层分割和地线设置等方面做了详细的介绍。
软件系统按功能分成几个模块:主函数模块、串口通信模块、CAN通信模块、键盘输入模块、故障码处理模块和液晶显示模块。论文中分析了各模块主要函数的设计思路和实现方式。通过主函数对其他子函数的调用实现系统的诊断功能。各函数功能采用C语言编程实现,在CCS3.3软件环境下编写、调试,最后烧写到DSP芯片内。
论文最后总结了已完成的工作,对课题接下来的发展方向和要解决的问题进行了展望,对后续工作进行了分析。
Construction machinery has been widely used in various types of construction projects. Construction machinery has features of great power and high efficiency. But the construction machinery system is very complex, involving extensive professional knowledge,if it is failure to find out the fault origin timely, the repair and maintenance will affect the progress of the project,accordingly affect efficiency. So selecting an appropriate and efficient fault diagnosis method have great significance to improve system reliability and security.
This paper uses the OBD-Ⅱfault diagnosis method in the construction machinery,to achieve real-time fault diagnosis ,by reserching on fault diagnosis of excavator and OBD-Ⅱ. OBD is the English abbreviation of On-Board Diagnostics which is translated for "Car auto diagnostic system "in Chinese.
The paper gaves a detailed description on fault diagnosis method of construction machinery,reserches on the OBD-Ⅱdevelopment and application, determines the diagnosis communication protocol based on CAN bus with depth study on OBD-Ⅱcommunication protocols and diagnostic mode.
The hardware design constructs hardware system of diagnostic equipment based on TMS320F2812 , including power module, JTAG module, CAN communication module, SCI serial communication module, the keyboard module, LCD module display. The principles and PCB design of hardware hardware were accomplished in the hardware environment of Protel DXP 2004. A detailed introduction was done with board layout, routing, spliting power planes and ground settings of four layers PCB (printed circuit board).
Software system are divided into several function modules: the main function module, serial communication module, CAN communication module, keyboard input module, fault code processing module and LCD module. The paper analysises the major functions of each module with design ideas and implementation. The function was realized by programming in C language,which was written,debugged and finally programmed into the DSP chip in CCS3.3.
Finally, the paper summarizes the work done , gives a outlook for future development and unresolved issues,and analyzes the following work.
引文
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[3]郑君,张冬泉.故障诊断技术[J].电气时代,2008(5):96～98.
[4]周利,余愚.机械故障诊断中人工智能的应用[J].可编程控制器与工厂自动化(PLCFA),2007(7):38～40.
[5]王敏,杨文峰.OBD—车载诊断系统简介[J].百科之窗汽车运用2007(6)(总第176期):31~32
[6]朱毅.美国提出制定重型车车载诊断(OBD)的全球统一技术法规[J].世界汽车,2002(1):26~27
[7]钟祥麟,李孟良,王务林,高俊华,刘双喜.重型车OBD发展概述[J].汽车电器,2009(5):1~4
[8]钟祥麟,李孟良,王务林.SAE J1939协议在重型车OBD中的应用[J].汽车电器,2009(7):1~4
[9]胡志华.智能化车载诊断系统的研究[D].上海:上海铁道大学:1998.
[10]吴烨.液压挖掘机状态监测与故障诊断系统的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2004.
[11]李晓鹏.全液压挖掘机故障诊断专家系统[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2004.
[12]吴莹锋.矿用挖掘机行走减速器故障诊断技术研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2007.
[13]景涛.基于信息融合技术的故障诊断方法综述[D].四川兵工学报,2009,30(7):127～129.
[14]张远.基于信息融合技术的故障诊断模型和方法研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2003.
[15]李伶.基于神经网络的液压挖掘机故障诊断推理技术及应用研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004.
[16] Qianjin Guo,Haibin Yu1,and Aidong Xu. Hybrid PSO Based Wavelet Neural Networks for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis[J]. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, v 3498, n III, 2005:521-530.
[17]梁锋,冯静,肖文雍,谭文春,卓斌.BP神经网络在高压共轨式电控柴油机故障诊断中的应用[J].内燃机工程,2004,25(2):46～49.
[18]武万龙.基于神经网络的汽车电控发动机故障诊断研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2003.
[19]宋红英.基于蚁群神经网络的发动机故障诊断专家系统的研究[D].中国农业大学,2005.
[20] Xiangyu He and Qinghua He. Application of PCA method and FCM clustering to the fault diagnosis of excavator’s hydraulic system[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics August 18 - 21, 2007, Jinan, China:1636~1638.
[21]韩力,易将能,周晓峰.挖掘机提升控制系统故障诊断的改进模糊算法[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2001,24(6):67~70.
[22]刘亚军,潘宏侠,黄晋英.一种改进的小波神经网络应用于电动机故障诊断[J].大电机技术,2009.3:19～22.
[23]胡天明.基于专家系统的挖掘机液压系统的故障诊断[J].机床与液压,2008,36(8):186~188.
[24]樊博浩.液压挖掘机故障诊断专家的设计研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2000.
[25]佟晓飞.浅谈挖掘机液压系统故障的判断与排除[J].黑龙江科技信息,2009(21):16.
[26]孟晓亮.基于OBD-II的便携式汽车故障检测仪研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2008.5
[27]伊大成编译.OBD_2型汽车数据分析仪-检测你的爱车的必备设备[J].海外制作选实用电子制作,2006.4:37~40
[28]潘朋,颜伏伍,方茂东.OBD系统的现状及其发展趋势[J].汽车节能,2007(5):36~39.
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